Copies cannot be used for handwriting identification. On the one hand, although the copy is the maximum copy of the original, the handwriting is not simply based on the reproduction degree of the font, but on the strength and writing habits used by the parties. It is difficult to read only the copy, on the other hand, the copy must be cross-examined by all parties to be effective.

First, can the copy be used for handwriting identification?

Copies cannot be used for handwriting identification. All appraisal materials need to be cross-examined by both parties, and materials without cross-examination cannot be used as the basis for appraisal. According to the provisions of the Civil Procedure Law, the copy that cannot be checked with the original cannot be used as the basis for finalizing the case, so the copy cannot be used as the basis for handwriting identification.

Handwriting identification refers to the special technology of determining the writer of document material evidence by comparing and identifying the sample handwriting according to the reflection of people's writing skills and habits in words, symbols and paintings. The task of handwriting identification is to make a scientific judgment on the writer of disputed handwriting or signature on suspicious document material evidence, and then provide an objective basis for judging whether the document material evidence is forged or altered.

Second, the inspection content of handwriting identification

1. Compare the similarities and differences of general features, text layout features and written language features of writing actions;

2. Compare the similarities and differences of words or strokes;

3. Compare the similarities and differences of each group;

4. Compare the similarities and differences of various features;

For samples with more handwriting, the same and different characteristics of the above four aspects should be accurately statistically analyzed in the comparison test, and the quantitative and qualitative similarities and differences of writing habits should be reflected by mathematical methods. The method of comparing the similarities and differences of handwriting features is mainly visual observation, and morphological comparison is carried out with the help of photographic instruments, comparative microscopes and slides.

Comprehensive evaluation is to scientifically analyze the numerical values of the same characteristics and different characteristics of sample handwriting and sample handwriting, determine the sum and nature of the coincidence points and differences between them, and then make static conclusions. The method of judgment generally begins with the study of differences. When identifying any handwriting, there will be certain differences in characteristics. The key point of judging the difference is to determine the nature of the difference. Its nature has two aspects: essential difference and non-essential difference. Non-essential differences indicate that the proportion of quantity and quality of different features between sample handwriting and sample handwriting is small, while essential differences indicate that the proportion of quantity and quality of different features is large. The former generally shows that they are a reflection of different people's writing habits.

Handwriting identification should not only focus on the judgment of differences, but also on the judgment of overlapping points. It is unscientific to affirm the same conclusion after confirming that differences are non-essential. Coincidence points can also be divided into essential coincidence and non-essential coincidence. If the quantity and quality of the same features as the sample handwriting are absolutely dominant, it constitutes essential conformity. If the proportion of the same characteristics in quantity and quality is small, it belongs to non-essential conformity After judging the differences and overlapping points, if there are essential differences and non-essential differences between the sample handwriting and the sample handwriting, or the results of essential differences and non-essential differences, it can be concluded whether the sample handwriting and the sample handwriting are written by the same person.

In short, the legal effect of the copy is not very high, unless the copy is recognized by many subjects, but even so, in handwriting identification, the limitations of the copy will still have an impact on the identification results, so if you want to get the most objective conclusion, you still need to get the original and materials for identification.