1 Red wine ranked first: Chateau Lafite Rothschild (Bordeaux) 1785. Thomas Jefferson, the drafter of the American Declaration of Independence and the third president of the United States, visited Bordeaux to buy the most famous wine. 1986, a bottle of Lafite wine with Jefferson's signature was auctioned at Christie's auction company in England and sold for 156000 USD. It was collected by Malcolm Forbes, the owner of Forbes magazine, and kept in the Forbes collection on the first floor of Forbes Building in new york, and has maintained the highest auction price of wine so far. Lafite-Rothschild winery is the most famous winery in Bordeaux, as well as the most famous winery and top wine in the world. As early as the beginning of18th century, Lafite Winery was famous in Europe. In the classification of 65438-0855 officially recognized for the first time in Bordeaux history, Lafite winery ranks first in the first class, and its status has not changed so far. Lafite wine has always been at the top of the most collectible wines. Brewing: Grapes are harvested in a traditional and classic way. Pick the grapes by hand and pick them on the vineyard transport car early. Immediately transport the grapes to the winery, pour them directly into the big trough at the entrance, and put them into the fermentor after the stems are broken. There is no cold dip skin before fermentation, and the fermentation is basically natural, so as to minimize interference. Oak barrel culture is 100% new oak barrel. Lafite winery is characterized by all its own oak barrels and moderate baking, so Lafite wine has no strong smoky taste. Oak barrel culture is usually 18-20 months, which should be clarified before bottling. Vineyard: Lafite winery has 65,438+003 hectares of vineyards, which is the best location in pauillac village. The gravel layer of the soil in Lafite vineyard is several meters thick, 30%-80% is gravel soil, and 1 1%- 15% is clay. The average age of grapes is 30 years, and the grapes that make top wines come from 40-year-old vines. 2. The oldest star: Chateau Haut-Brion (Bordeaux) Obiang Winery is one of the oldest wineries in Bordeaux. There must be vineyards around the winery 480 years ago. With the urbanization brought by industrial revolution in europe, many vineyards disappeared in the expansion of Bordeaux, and Obiang stayed. Because Obiang Winery is closest to Bordeaux, grapes have always matured the earliest in history, and the first grape picking marks the beginning of Bordeaux grape harvest season. It is the smallest of the "Big Five" in Bordeaux, but it is the first to become famous. April 23rd 1525 is the birthday of Obiang Winery. The wine named Obiang Winery was first recorded in 1660, when the French king entertained his guests with wine from Obiang. 1855, Obiang Winery was listed as a first-class Bordeaux winery. 3. Masculinity: Latour Winery (Bordeaux) 17 14, the price of a barrel of Latour wine is 4-5 times that of ordinary Bordeaux wine, and it has risen to 20 times by 1767. Although Latour wine has long been of high quality and high price, it has not hindered its continuous innovation. Nowadays, in addition to the limestone building appearance of the original restaurant, the interior of the winery is completely decorated with modern style and modern technology control. The walls of fermentation pit, oak barrel pit and bottling hall are all decorated with mildew-proof materials, and the temperature and humidity are all automatically controlled. The traditional brewing method is still maintained, but the brewing process is fully controlled automatically. Brewing: Latour Winery adopts the natural gravity method, and the grapes are picked and sent to the fermentation cellar by forklift. After the whole bunch of grapes are double-selected by removing stalks, they are crushed and enter the fermentation tank. 66 stainless steel temperature-controlled fermentation tanks were used to ferment grapes of different varieties and plots. The fermenters are controlled by computers, and the temperature of each fermenter can be clearly seen from the control panel and can be adjusted as needed. From June 5438 to February every year, new wine is cultivated in oak barrels. Latour's top wines are all cultivated in new French oak barrels. In the first month of oak barrel culture, the technical director of wine making and the person in charge of wine cellar will often try to determine how to mix the pressed wine into first-class wine according to the structure of the wine in that year. Before the summer of the following year, the oak barrels will be moved to the oak barrel cellar for further cultivation. When the wine is put into oak barrels for one year, it is clarified with egg white, and the final clarification is 45 days before bottling, and then bottled into storage pits. 4. Artist style: Mouton Rothschild (Bordeaux) of Mu Tong Winery made Mouton famous for its artistic wine label. 1924, Baron Philip, the owner of the old Zhuang Autonomous Region, hired cubist artist Jean Kalou to design Mouton wine labels. By 1945, when the Second World War was won, Mouton brewed the century wine. Eventually upgraded to a first-class winery, Philip decided to design a new wine label to celebrate. Since then, Mouton has hired artists to create wine labels every year. George Braque, a famous painter, created a wine label painting specially for Mouton, and printed it on the wine label with the same size as the original, which aroused the interest of the the world famous paintings family. World famous painters such as salvador dali and sculptor henry moore began to write for Mouton. The most famous wine label is 1973 Picasso's Carnival of Dionysus, which proudly shows the joy that wine brings to life. 5. Elegant style: Chateau Margaux (Bordeaux), together with the above four wineries, is recognized as the top five wineries in Bordeaux. However, Margaux winery was listed as a well-known "first-class" winery as early as17th century, two centuries earlier than the official classification of 1855. Just like the architecture of the winery, Margaux Winery is unique in the perfect combination of elegance, charm and grandeur.