Introduction to Qin Hui (hui)

Born in the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090), Emperor Zhezong, and died in Shaoxing, the twenty-fifth year of Emperor Gaozong (1155), his courtesy name was Huizhi, Jiangning (now Nanjing) people.

In the fifth year of Zhenghe's reign (1115), Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty ascended the throne and became a professor in Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong). He once served as Xuezheng of Taixue. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, he served as Yushi Zhongcheng and was captured by the Jin people together with Song Huizong and Qinzong. After returning to the south, he served as Minister of Rites and twice as prime minister, ruling for nineteen years. The creator of Song Ti. Note: Song Ti was originally Qin Ti. Due to the political persecution of the patriotic hero Yue Fei, Qin Ti was changed to Song Ti. Life Qin Hui was born in a family of small and medium-sized landowners. His father served as the magistrate of Gu County, Jingjiang Prefecture (now Yongfu County, Guangxi), which was only a minor official among the ruling class of the Song Dynasty. Living in such an environment, it was impossible for Qin Hui to achieve rapid success, so he worked as a rural teacher. He was not satisfied with this career and even complained, saying, "If I get 300 acres of paddy fields, I won't be the Hozen King this time." His requirements were not high, as long as he had a few hundred acres of good land, no longer being a "children's teacher" or "children's king", and no longer relying on cultivators to support himself, that would be enough. But since becoming a Jinshi, he has skyrocketed.

In the first year of Jingkang (1126), the Jin soldiers attacked Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) and asked Song Huizong to cede three towns: Taiyuan, Zhongshan (now Dingxian, Hebei), and Hejian. At this time, Qin Hui, who was a member of the staff side, put forward four more important opinions. The first is that the Jin people are greedy, and the only way to cede land is to Yanshan; the second is that the Jin people are cunning, and the defense must be strengthened and cannot be relaxed; the third is to convene hundreds of officials to discuss in detail, and choose the correct opinions to write in the alliance letter; the fourth is to include representatives of the Jin Dynasty Place them outside and prevent them from entering the palace gate. At that time, if we wanted to eliminate the troops, we had to cede territory. The Southern Song Dynasty sent Qin Hui and Cheng Li as representatives to negotiate with the Jin people. Qin Hui was still able to adhere to the above opinions during the negotiations, so he was promoted to the imperial censor and Zuo Sijian. Later, the rulers of the Jin Dynasty "resolutely wanted to gain the land, otherwise they would march to Bianjing". During the discussion among the officials in the court, 70 people including Fan Zongyin agreed to cede the land, but 36 people including Qin Hui thought it was not allowed.

After Emperor Huizong and Emperor Qinzong of the Song Dynasty were captured, the Jurchen nobles wanted to make Zhang Bangchang their puppet, but Qin Hui, then the censor Zhongcheng, said nothing. Censor Ma Shen and others wrote a letter against the establishment of Zhang Bangchang and asked Qin Hui to also sign. Qin Hui did not agree at first, but dozens of officials signed it one after another. Ma Shen "firmly requested", but Qin Hui had no choice but to sign. Because Qin Hui had a higher official position among the petitioners (the first among the officials), in the second year of Jingkang (1127), the Jin people used Qin Hui to rebel against Zhang Bangchang and captured him, along with his wife Wang and his wife. Attendants etc. At this time, Song Huizong learned that King Kang Zhao Gou had ascended the throne, so he wrote to Jin Shuai Nianhan to negotiate a peace treaty, and asked Qin Hui to revise and polish the peace treaty. Qin Hui also bribed Nianhan with generous gifts, and Jin Taizong gave Qin Hui to his younger brother Talan for appointment. From then on, Qin Hui followed Ta Lan step by step, gradually becoming his confidant, and carried out a series of traitor actions such as persuading the surrender of the Chuzhou Song Army.

In the fourth year of Jianyan (1130), Jin general Ta Lan led troops to attack Shanyang, an important town in Huaibei (i.e. Chuzhou, today's Huai'an, Jiangsu), and ordered Qin Hui to accompany him. Why should Qin Hui accompany us? Judging from the strategy of laziness, luring peace talks and colluding with internal and external parties can lead to the subjugation of the Southern Song Dynasty. Only Qin Hui can use this "inside". However, Qin Hui's face of selling himself to join the Jurchen nobles had not been completely exposed to the Southern Song Dynasty, so the Jin rulers regarded Qin Hui as a suitable candidate. Therefore, Qin Huinan secretly discussed plans with his wife Wang before leaving, and put on a dramatic performance. Mrs. Wang deliberately yelled and said: "My father married me to you. At that time, he had a fortune of 200,000 yuan, and he wanted you and me to share the joys and sorrows. Now that the Dajin Kingdom trusts you, you just leave me on the road." The quarrel continued. When the lazy wife heard about it, she invited Mrs. Wang to her house to find out what happened. Wang told everything. The driver said that he was too lazy, so he asked Wang and his attendants to go south with Qin Hui. After Shanyang City was captured, Jin soldiers entered the city one after another. Qin Hui and others boarded the boat and traveled to nearby Lianshui (today's Lianshui, Jiangsu Province). They were caught by the patrol soldiers of Ding Si, the leader of the water village in the Southern Song Dynasty, and wanted to kill him. Qin Hui said, "I am Qin Hui, the Prime Minister of the Censor. Are there any scholars here who should know my name?" There was a wine seller, Wang Xiucai, who never knew Qin Hui, but he pretended to recognize Qin Hui and bowed to him when he saw him. He said, "Zhongcheng worked hard, and it is not easy to come back." Everyone thought that since Wang Xiucai knew Qin Hui, they did not kill him, but treated him with courtesy, and later sent them to Lin'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang).

After Qin Huinan returned, he claimed that he had killed the Jin soldiers who were watching them and seized the ship. The ministers immediately asked a series of questions: Sun Fu, He Su, and Sima Pu were captured together with Qin Hui, why was Qin Hui the only one to return? From Yanshan Prefecture (today's southwest of Beijing) to Chuzhou, it takes 800 miles to climb mountains. Wading through the water, wouldn't it be possible to encounter interrogations and inquiries on the way, kill the guards, and return southward without any trouble? Even if he followed the Jin general to attack the lazy army, the Jin people deliberately indulged him and took his family members as hostages. Why could they go south with the Wang family? Only his close friends, prime ministers Fan Zongyin and Li Hui, defended him against these questions and tried their best to recommend him to be loyal to the Zhao Dynasty. But the doubts have not been completely eliminated.

According to "History of the Jin Dynasty", in the second year of Jin Xuanzong's Zhenyou year (1214), Sun Dading, a member of the Zhongshu family, wrote a letter to trace the fact that Qin Hui was returned to the Southern Song Dynasty by the Jurchen nobles. In the eighth year of Jin Taizong's Tianhui period (1130) Years), ministers gathered in Liulin, Heilongjiang, worried about the revival of the Song Dynasty. Song court officials Zhao Ding and Zhang Jun were determined to take revenge, and Song generals Han Shizhong and Wu Jie were aware of the military affairs. This should not be used in a threatening manner, but also seeing that the enmity was already deep and it would be difficult to make the people of the Southern Song Dynasty surrender, it was better to indulge them secretly. It is also recorded in "Records of the Southern Relocation of the Jin Kingdom" that the ministers of the Jin Kingdom considered the revenge of the Southern Song Dynasty and discussed allowing Qin Hui to return to the country. King Lu said that only by letting the Song ministers return first could he "obey me." Zhongxian Wang Nianhan said, This matter has been brewing in my heart for three years. There is only one Qin Hui available. I like this person. "Place yourself in front of the army and try to do something". Although he refused on the surface, he was often "submissive" in his heart. Qin Hui always advocated the policy of "southerns return to the south and northerners return to the north". If he could be released today In the Southern Song Dynasty, he will succeed. In this way, the Jin people decided to let Qin Huinan return home. As expected by Nianhan, Qin Hui advocated peace talks when he returned to Lin'an, stole the throne, monopolized the power of the country, and massacred the anti-Jin generals. Afterwards, the North-South confrontation basically took shape.

"Song History·Qin Hui Biography" records that although the Southern Song government sent representatives to negotiate with the Jin Dynasty several times, it still defended while negotiating peace. The special efforts to resolve feuds and negotiate peace with the Jin people actually started with Qin Hui. Because Qin Hui was the first to advocate peace talks during the Jin Dynasty, he became the agent of the Jurchen nobles after returning south.

After Qin Huinan returned to Zhao Gou, the first "meeting gift" he gave to Zhao Gou was that if he wanted the world to be peaceful, he had to "return southerners to the south and northerners to the north." The "southern people return to the south" is actually just an empty talk, because whether they are willing to allow the southerners to return to the south or not is entirely in the hands of the Jurchen nobles, which has no control over what happened to the Southern Song Dynasty; and "the northerners return to the north" , was what the Jurchens had called for when they invaded Yangzhou in 1129, and this time they raised it through Qin Hui's mouth.

Since the armies and generals of the Southern Song Dynasty were mainly composed of people from the northwest, Hebei, Shandong and other places, if we follow Cha Hui's idea of ??"people from the north return to the north", it would be equivalent to dedicating all the northern land to the Jurchens The nobles, as well as a large number of northerners who were unwilling to surrender gold and went south, had to go back and be ruled by the Jin people: it was equivalent to the Southern Song Dynasty destroying the Great Wall, disarming themselves, and showing that they gave up armed resistance to the Jin Dynasty. The second "meeting gift" Qin Hui presented to Zhao Gou was that he first handed over a "letter of peace" to the Jurchen military nobles. Zhao Gou felt that Qin Hui was "extraordinarily loyal and simple" and was so happy to get him that he could not even sleep. Unable to sleep, Qin Hui was so appreciated by Zhao Gou that he said, "I will be the prime minister again." This "gift" was placed in front of Zhao Gou, which made him so worried that he "couldn't sleep". He had to consider, Qin Hui said, "Southerners return to the south, and northerners return to the north." I am a northerner, where should I go? ? Qin Hui also said that there are "two strategies", that is, the people from Hebei are returned to the Jin Kingdom, and the people from the Central Plains are given to Liu Yu (he was a puppet supported by the Jin rulers in the early Southern Song Dynasty). After being prime minister for a few months, these "two strategies" will It shocked the world. However, Zhao Gou said that he had not heard any shocking news. From then on, people began to realize Qin Hui's evil ideas, which caused dissatisfaction in the court and the public. Strongly dissatisfied. Just because at that time Zhao Gou was still worried about the discussions and momentum of the anti-Japanese scholar-bureaucrats and the soldiers and civilians across the country, and had not yet made up his mind to risk the disapproval of the world. Therefore, Qin Hui's surrender route was not adopted, and Qin Hui himself actually As a result, he was expelled from the Southern Song Dynasty. Later, it was confirmed that envoys from the Jin Dynasty came to the Southern Song Dynasty and demanded that all northerners be returned, which was consistent with Qin Hui's idea of ??"returning northerners to the north". People with knowledge further realized that this was Qin Hui. As a result of colluding with the Jin people, Qin Hui's face became clearer.

Qin Hui's policy of surrender and treason was difficult to implement for a while, so he had to endure the temporary setbacks and wait for the opportunity to make a comeback. In the fifth year of Shaoxing (1135), Talan gained power. In the eighth year of Shaoxing (1138), Zhao Gou appointed Qin Hui as his prime minister. Ta Lan was Qin Hui's old master. This old master advocated the strategy of inducing surrender and negotiating peace. Qin Hui, Zhao Gou and Ta Lan colluded internally and externally, so they had no worries about the survival of the Southern Song Dynasty.

Qin Hui looked at it. Seeing that the situation in the Song and Jin Dynasties was constantly developing in a direction that was conducive to their policy of begging for peace and surrender, they thought this was an opportunity, so on the eve of the negotiations between the Song and Jin Dynasties, they used the power of the Jurchen noble agents to attack again and again. After repeatedly testing and inspecting Zhao Gou, he strengthened his confidence in suing for peace and strengthened his surrender stance. After the ministers of the Southern Song Dynasty met with Zhao Gou, only Qin Hui left a memorial. Please look at the wonderful dialogue between a faint king and a traitor; Qin Hui said: " The ministers are timid in negotiating peace and have two ends, which makes them unable to make decisions on major issues. If Your Majesty is determined to make peace, please discuss it exclusively with me and do not allow other ministers to interfere. Zhao Gou said, "I only assign you to take charge." Qin Hui said: "I'm afraid there will be inconvenience. I hope your majesty will seriously consider it for three days and allow me to make another report to you." "After three days, Qin Hui stayed with Zhao Gou to play things again. Zhao Gou had already firmly decided to make peace, but Qin Hui thought that it was not enough. He said, "I'm afraid there are still inconveniences in other aspects. I want to Your Majesty, please give it another three days of careful consideration and allow me to make another report to you. " Zhao Gou said: "Okay! "After another three days, Qin Hui stayed alone with Zhao Gou to carry out the mission just like before.

He clearly understood that Zhao Gou was indeed unswervingly determined to make peace, so he took out the letter of peace request to Jin that he had already drafted, and still claimed that the ministers would not be allowed to interfere.

In the ninth year of Shaoxing (1139), Qin Hui signed the first Song-Jin peace treaty despite the objections of Zhao Ding, Hu Quan, Han Shizhong, Zhang Jun, Wang Shu, Yue Fei, Li Gang and others to the peace treaty. Zhao Gou was afraid of trouble, so he pretended to be ill and hid in the palace. Qin Hui acted as emperor, knelt down in front of the gold envoy, and signed and signed. From then on, Qin Hui's status in the court increased, and the war between Song and Jin Dynasties began to be controlled by him.

The "History of the Song Dynasty·Qin Hui Biography" says: "In the beginning, although the imperial court sent several envoys, they kept and made peace, and focused on resolving their feuds with the Jin people and negotiating peace, which actually started from Hui." This is basically the beginning. In line with the actual situation. From the accession of Emperor Gaozong to the return of Qin Hui in the eighth year of Shaoxing, which lasted eleven years, the Southern Song Dynasty court generally did four things: (1) Raise and train soldiers to form a military force that could compete with the Jin people; (2) Security Gather the refugees, restore production, and conserve the financial resources to support the regime; (3) unify the interior, quell the chaotic situation after Jingkang's separatism (including suppressing peasant uprisings), and form a relatively stable rear; (4) establish various regulations and systems to make The social order damaged by the war has been restored to a certain extent. This is all based on defense and fighting. Because of this, the territory equivalent to two-thirds of the Northern Song Dynasty was preserved.

As far as Gaozong's ideological status at that time was concerned, he was often wavering between peace and war. After Jingkang, the heroes broke up and rebels sprang up. If Emperor Gaozong was dedicated to suing for peace and surrender, who would be willing to serve him as a companion? In fact, the fragmented situation at that time was quickly unified, and various political forces were quickly able to gather together, which shows that Emperor Gaozong has not yet thrown away the banner of "anti-gold restoration" and still has a certain degree of appeal and cohesion. During the Jianyan period, the Southern Song Dynasty's political power was not yet stable, and the Jin people were determined to eliminate it. Gaozong wanted to beg for peace but could not get it. In the third year of Jianyan's reign, Emperor Gaozong was chased by the Jin people from Yangzhou to Mingzhou and to the sea. In the fourth year of Jianyan, the Jin army withdrew from Jiangnan. Gaozong returned from Wenzhou to Yuezhou and then to Hangzhou. The Southern Song Dynasty regime gradually established its foothold. Lu Yihao, Zhao Ding, Zhang Jun and others who served as prime ministers successively all gained a foothold. To defend and fight. Although many envoys were sent to make peace, they were generally based on strategic considerations (except for Qin Hui). According to Lu Yihao, they were "to make others proud", "to show weakness to others", and "to surprise them and take advantage of the opportunity to advance to the north". In the second year of Shaoxing, Lu Yihao asked for the Northern Expedition. In the fourth year of Shaoxing, Zhao Ding asked the imperial commander to personally conduct the expedition. In the seventh year of Shaoxing, Zhang Jun asked Gaozong to station in Jiankang. Although Gaozong was not very firm, he agreed after all.

Gaozong concentrated on begging for peace, which happened after Qin Hui returned to the prime minister in the eighth year of Shaoxing. As Zhu Xi once pointed out:

"The reason why Qin Hui's crime reaches heaven, and tens of thousands of deaths are not enough to redeem him, is that at the beginning he was planning an evil plan to harm the country, and in the middle it was threatening the power of the captives. To want to be the king... But the disadvantage of leaving the king behind is so extreme." ("Preface to the Wu Wu Chan Conference")

Qin Hui "started to make evil plans", so he should be the one to follow. On behalf of Huizong, he wrote a letter to Wanyan Zonghan. In that letter, he clearly stated that "subjects from generation to generation will pay tribute every year", which won Zonghan's appreciation. Zonghan recommended him to Jin Taizong, and Jin Taizong gave him to Wanyan. Yan Chang. After returning to the south, he met Emperor Gaozong for the first time, who was the first to establish the "South from South, North from North" proposal, and submitted a draft "Certificate of Credence" to beg for peace. This "Certificate of Credence" was later issued in the name of Liu Guangshi. Because of this, Gaozong promised to be "simple and loyal". However, at this time, the military power of the Southern Song Dynasty was gradually strengthening, and the main war faction still occupied a very important position in the court. Zong Han, who was in power in the Jin Dynasty, was still unwilling to give up his idea of ????annihilating the Southern Song Dynasty. Gaozong was still wavering in the war. time, so this stage lasts longer. It was not until the death of Wanyan Zonghan that Wanyan Zongpan and Wanyanchang took over the power of the Jin Kingdom and adopted a policy of inducing surrender towards the Southern Song Dynasty. Qin Hui made a comeback and the main war faction suffered internal and external setbacks in the conflict with each other. Only then did Gaozong gradually turn to begging for peace.

It was only after Zhao Gou entrusted him to act as the plenipotentiary representative of the surrender to the Jin Dynasty that Qin Hui entered the stage of what Zhu Xi said was "the middle uses the power of the captives to seize the king". After entering this stage, all major moves of the imperial court depended on Qin Hui, and it was almost impossible for Gaozong to make any decisions independently. Qin Hui's position in the Southern Song Dynasty was no longer that of the emperor Zhao Gou, but that he could play with Zhao Gou in his hands. He was a figure who Zhao Gou must look up to.

At that time, an official named Hu Quan opposed "peace" and wrote a memorial begging to behead Qin Hui. It was at the stage when Qin Hui was taking advantage of the power of the Jin people to seize the throne. He was immediately attacked by Qin Hui, who personally made a plan to demote him to "Zhaozhou (now Pingle County, Guangxi) for management". Because he was "pregnant", he wanted to delay his departure for a few days, but the Lin'an Prefecture "sent people to demote him". A few days later, Qin Hui still felt that the punishment given to Hu Quan was too light and might not silence those who opposed "peace", so he coerced Zhao Gou to issue an edict saying that Hu Quan's superiority was " "Being aggressive and disobedient" and "promoting the trend of bullying" are warnings at home and abroad and are not allowed to follow suit. (See Volume 124 of "Annals of the Years Since Jianyan".)

This shows that after entering the stage of "taking advantage of the captives to seize the king", Qin Hui was already untouchable by a tiger. Now, his power can be said to be all-encompassing. If you still call such a person a "mere Hui" and think that he "can't do anything", then if you are not really ignorant of the historical situation at that time, you will just be considered to be intentionally guilty of Qin Hui's various evil acts. Exonerated.

Less than a year after the signing of the first peace treaty between the Song and Jin Dynasties, a coup occurred within the Jin ruling group. Talan, who advocated the strategy of using inducement to surrender to the Southern Song Dynasty, was killed, and Zong Bi (Wushu) came to power. Starting from the 10th year of Shaoxing (1140), the Jin Dynasty tore up the peace treaty, appointed Zong Bi as the commander-in-chief, and sent his army directly to take Henan and Shaanxi. The Southern Song Dynasty's anti-Jin generals Yue Fei and Liu Qi, with the support of the people, severely defeated the Jin soldiers and created a good situation. Jin Bing generals were preparing to surrender one after another. Even Jin Commander Wu Ling Si Mou, who was known for his cunning, could not control his subordinates and could only order the troops to surrender as soon as the Yue family's army arrived. Jin General Han Chang wanted to surround himself with 50,000 cavalry, but Yue Fei faced him. He was very happy about the victory and said to his generals: "Go straight to Huanglong Mansion (now Nong'an, Jilin, the Jurchen base area) and have a drink with the princes!" He was about to cross the river soon, but Qin Hui wanted to conquer the land north of the Huaihe River. He gave it to the Jin Dynasty and ordered Yue Fei to retreat. Yue Fei's report to the court said: "The Jin people lost their spirit and integrity. They abandoned all their equipment and food and rushed across the river. However, our soldiers obeyed orders and followed their directions. The time will never come again, and the opportunity will be missed." Ask to take advantage of victory. March. Qin Hui believed that Yue Fei's will to fight against the Jin Dynasty was unbreakable, so he first withdrew the troops of Zhang Jun and Yang Yizhong, and then said that Yue Fei's army could not stay alone for a long time, and ordered Zhao Gou and Qin Hui to retreat quickly in one day. Using wooden signs with red lacquer and gold characters, the envoys were speeding past with their signs. Cars, horses and pedestrians had to give way when they saw it. They had to travel five hundred miles a day. They used it to convey the most urgent military orders (edicts) and urgently urged the troops to withdraw. Yue Fei said angrily and regretfully. He cried and said: "Ten years of hard work have been wasted in one day! " ordered the troops to retreat in pain. The people stopped their horses and cried bitterly, and Yue Fei wept. The surrender faction of the Southern Song Dynasty, represented by Zhao Gou and Qin Hui, was the real power faction. They were worried that the smooth development of the anti-Jin Dynasty war would arouse the dissatisfaction of the Jurchen nobles, and they were also worried about the Yue family army. Rapid growth would threaten their dominance. Therefore, when victory was in sight, he forced Yue Fei to retreat.

In April of the 11th year of Shaoxing (1141), Qin Hui was afraid that important generals would be difficult to control, so he tried to contain it. They used their military power to remove obstacles that were not conducive to his surrender, so they secretly summoned three generals, Han Shizhong, Zhang Jun, and Yue Fei, to come to Lin'an and "reward them based on their merits." Han Shizhong and Zhang Jun were appointed as privy envoys. , Yue Fei was promoted to deputy envoy (the privy envoy and deputy privy envoy were responsible for important military affairs), and the military power was effectively abolished.

After Zong Bi learned that Qin Hui had dismissed the three generals and destroyed the Great Wall, he took the opportunity to repeatedly threaten the Southern Song Dynasty with military force. He informed Zhao Gou that all armies were marching by land and water, and were going south to investigate, signaling that he would comply. To surrender, the Huaihe River must be used as the boundary, and the land and people north of the Huaihe River must be ceded to the Jin Kingdom. At the same time, the Jin Dynasty sent people to instruct Cha Hui to kill Yue Fei, who had contributed most in the war against the Jin Dynasty, before peace could be negotiated. In the ninth and tenth months of the year (1141), Qin Hui set up Yue Fei's prison according to the instructions of the Jin people. He sent his admonisher Wan Qixi to collect perjury and organize the prison speech, and he also colluded with Zhang Jun to bribe and collude with the Yue family army. Important generals Zhang Xian, Wang Gui, Wang Jun and others, in accordance with Qin Hui's will, falsely accused Zhang Xian of wanting to seize Xiangyang in order to restore Yue Fei's military power. Zhang Xian was arrested and imprisoned, and Yue Fei, Yue Yun and his son were also sent to Dali Temple (in the early Song Dynasty). After Yue Fei was arrested, Qin Hui stepped up his surrender activities. In November, Zongbi sent Xiao Yi to Lin'an and proposed to "demarcate the Huaihe River as a boundary, with annual coins of 250,000 yuan each, and cut off the two states of Tang and Deng." Negotiate peace conditions. This was the second peace treaty of the Song and Jin Dynasties, known in history as the "Shaoxing Peace Treaty".

After the peace treaty was signed, Qin Hui intensified the persecution of Yue Fei and others according to the intentions of the Jurchen nobles. It had been more than two months since Yue Fei was arrested, and "the charges" were still fabricated. One day, Qin Hui lived alone in his study, ate tangerines, and scratched the tangerine peel with his fingers, thinking deeply. Qin Hui's wife, Wang, had always been sinister, and when she saw Qin Hui's actions, she He smiled and said, "Why hasn't this old man made a decision? It is easy to catch a tiger, but difficult to release it! "Qin Hui understood Wang's meaning and wrote a small piece of paper to send to the jailer. Yue Fei died in prison that day, and Yue Yun and Zhang Xian were killed in the city. This day was December 20, the eleventh year of Shaoxing. 9th (January 27, 1142). Qin Hui hated Yue Fei for repeatedly failing to negotiate peace talks, and wrote to Zhao Gou asking for the formulation of major national policies. This was contrary to Qin Hui's surrender policy, so Qin Hui always wanted to kill him. Yue Fei was arrested, and his subjects with a sense of justice were indignant. When Yue Fei was about to be killed, Han Shizhong was very angry and asked Qin Hui how much crime Yue Fei and his son had committed, what were the facts, and what evidence was there? Qin Hui said: "There is no reason" (this was what he said at the time). Colloquial, meaning "maybe", "maybe"). Han Shizhong said: "How can you conquer the world without having three words?" At this time, Han Shizhong had resigned from the post of Privy Councilor. He was so angry that he had to ride a donkey and carry wine around the West Lake. After Yue Fei was murdered, his family members were exiled to Lingnan. Those implicated were either imprisoned, exiled, or died in prison. On the contrary, those who followed Qin Hui to frame Yue Fei were promoted. In addition to trapping and killing Yue Fei and others, Qin Hui did not let go of other loyal ministers and generals of the Southern Song Dynasty. The methods of persecution have been innovated.

At that time, Qin Hui had already "taken advantage of the power of the captives to seize the throne" and was able to manipulate Zhao Gou into his hands, so his power extended and penetrated into all aspects of politics, military, finance, and criminal law. It is also true that "everything must come to pass, and things must come to pass." As far as criminal law is concerned, it is as summarized in Volume 16 of Xu Ziming's Chronicles of Song Zaifu after Qin Hui's death:

Fa Temple prohibits official business and does not abide by the law. Only looking at Qin Hui's private intentions at the moment, he will die if he dies, and live if he lives. Whip, stick, disciple, flow, all hope (Qin Hui) wind decree.

Therefore, juniper has great power and power, and people in the world are increasingly afraid of it and avoid it.

The crime of Luo Zhi falsely framed Yue Fei and his son and Zhang Xian and put them to death. This is a typical example of Qin Hui letting his "momentary selfish desires" and "die to death".

Not long after Qin Hui's death, in an edict issued by Zhao Gou, Qin Hui's right to live and kill without authorization was also exposed. According to Volume 170 of "Records of the Years Since Jianyan", Jiashen in December of the 25th year of Shaoxing (January 5, 1156) contains:

Edict: The official committed a crime, and the survey has been carried out When it is completed, a case report will be made. In recent years, many ministers have said that they have "received a special decree" and implemented it at the same time. From now on, the three provinces will take orders.

The so-called "minister" here refers specifically to Qin Hui; the so-called "just make a special edict" is actually synonymous with "fake imperial edict" or "false edict" language. Although the Yue Fei prison case was not explicitly pointed out in this edict, it was definitely included in this edict. In "Song History Criminal Law Chronicles" (II), it is more clearly pointed out that the unjust imprisonment of Yue Fei, his son and Zhang Xian was entirely caused by Qin Hui's correction of the imperial edict. The article says:

Prison edicts were originally intended to correct traitors, so it was not common. ...

In the eleventh year of (Shaoxing), Zhang Jun, the privy envoy, sent people to falsely accuse Zhang Xian, claiming that he had collected Yue Fei's writings and planned to change it. Qin Hui wanted to take advantage of this to kill Fei, so he ordered Wanqi to train him. Fei gave him death, and his son Yun Ji Xian was put to death in the city. ...

There was a rift between Hu Shunzhi, the commander-in-chief of Guangxi, and Lu Yuan, the transshipment envoy. Yuan reported to Shunzhi that Shunzhi had made dirty plans and made arrogance. Hui Su hated Shun Zhi and sent Dali officials to rule it. In June of the thirteenth year, Shun Zhi refused to obey and died in prison.

After the death of Fei and Shun Zhi, the power of Hui became more and more powerful, and he repeatedly set up prisons to punish those who dissent. It's called imperial prison, but it's actually not an imperial edict. Later, so-called imperial edicts and prisons were all similar to this, so they are not recorded.

It is linked to many historical facts at that time. For example, after Yue Fei was imprisoned, most of those who wanted to rescue him went to negotiate and argue with Qin Hui, while those who tried to dissuade Zhao Gou from Shangshu were extremely From this, we can know that every sentence in this narrative in "Song History·Criminal Law Chronicles" (2) is realistic. The conclusions contained therein are all very fair. "It is called a prison, but it is not an imperial edict", which best reflects the true situation of Qin Hui's creation of the unjust case of Yue Fei, his son and Zhang Xian. Therefore, as long as we can study this historical event calmly and realistically, we cannot deny that Qin Hui was the culprit who murdered Yue Fei, his son, and Zhang Xian.