Second, the wrong version of the currency: refers to the circulation of banknotes with graphic errors caused by design negligence, which has high collection value.
Third, the wrong coin: due to errors in the process of printing, stamping and cutting, there are the following types of wrong coins:
1. Missing printing: In the process of printing patterns, characters or colors, all or part of banknotes are missing printing due to negligence or some reason, which can be divided into missing pictures, missing words and missing colors. For example, if the template is stuck or damaged by a specific foreign object, it will cause coins that are as wrong as the whole page, and small mistakes will escape the eyes of the banknote printing master. The printing press is faster, and tens of thousands of missing coins with the same mistake will appear in an hour.
2. Overprinting: In the printing process, when foreign matter is stuck on the template, it will cause the phenomenon of missing printing or overprinting, depending on the foreign matter. If the template is not cleaned in time, some foreign objects on the template will cause the whole page to print more money.
3. Reverse printing: The patterns on the front and back of paper money are inverted on one side or both sides.
4. Overprinting: that is, printing patterns or characters of banknotes repeatedly to make them appear the same ghost.
5. Folding: When printing, a corner of the front or back of the banknote is printed on the back, which is caused by uneven folding of the paper.
6. Sticking: In the printing process, the paper money with wet ink on the last paper money sticks to the previous paper money, resulting in inverted shallow text. This situation is called paper money sticking.
7. Blanking: In the printing process, some blanks appear due to the invasion of foreign objects. The more spaces, the more obvious and the more precious.
8. Folding: When the paper enters the printing machine, it is folded due to uneven placement, resulting in that the inside part of the crease is blank and long after printing, which is called folding. I-shaped scrolling: due to the rotation failure of the digital machine, the number of banknotes is incomplete.
9. Wrong number and wrong character track: The problem with the number pointing machine is that the same banknote has different tracks or numbers.
10. Missing cover: All or part of the banknote to be stamped is missing cover, including signature, seal or place name.
1 1. Back cover: signature, place name, seal, logo, etc. Stamping is inconsistent with the original banknote pattern sequence.
12. cover: cover the paper money with pictures and texts for repeated printing.
13. Fukumimi: Ears or butterflies appear on one or more corners of some paper money, which is called the Fukumimi of paper money.
14. Cutting displacement: due to improper cutting, the upper, lower, left and right edges of the banknote are uneven, and the overall pattern is not in the center of the banknote. The obvious dislocation is displacement.
15. Graphic shift: RMB is divided into several processes. If there is deviation in a process and some pictures and texts are seriously deviated, it is called picture and text deviation. This graphic shift may also cause the same error throughout the page.
16. Watermark variation: refers to the phenomenon that a watermark is inverted or reversed, or a vertical watermark becomes a horizontal watermark.
17. Other variants: This situation includes broken paper money, improper use of paper, wrong color printing, and insufficient ink or ink.
There are thousands of printing houses and printing companies, among which people in the printing industry know that there will be defective printed matter in the printing process, which can only reduce the probability of defective products, but can not be completely avoided. It can also be seen from the number of RMB supplementary numbers that a supplementary number uses millions or even tens of millions or billions of digits, and the number of printing defects in the printing process is amazing.
Correctly identifying the wrong coins is the future trend in the field of coin collection, and many developed countries abroad identify the wrong coins in the field of collection. There are wrong coins with small mistakes, and there may be a quantity, which is represented by missing coins; The probability that the wrong coins with big mistakes will flow out of the printing plant will be relatively small. In each edition, the wrong coins with small face value even appear in the form of bundles, packages and pieces; It is the best time to collect the wrong coins without further unpacking inspection by the bank. However, at present, the investment in the wrong coin collection is only the behavior of a few people and cannot form an effective market. Therefore, we should pay attention to the risks when collecting the wrong coins, and never take investment as the primary purpose.