1, the supreme leader of the papal church is therefore above other bishops.

2. Bishops are usually the superior bishops of metropolitan bishops and archbishops, or members of the Vatican's cabinet.

Bishop is a senior priest of the Catholic Church. He is consecrated as the shepherd and manager of the church through the Holy Spirit, and is also a teacher of doctrine and a priest who pays tribute to the priesthood. In the Catholic Church, the appointment of bishops requires the approval of the Pope.

The word "Pope" was translated from "Pontifex" (priest), which originally referred to the polytheism of the Roman emperor "Pontifex Maximus" (the highest priest and high priest).

In 382 AD, the western Roman emperor abolished the sacrifice of the goddess of victory and worshipped Jesus alone, handing over the position of the highest priest to the 39th Bishop of the Roman Church. In 445, the Eastern Roman Emperor and the Eastern Church recognized the supremacy of their church. ?

In the 8th century, the pipeline provided land, and the papal state was established on this basis. After that, he became the leader of a secular country, and it was not until the Rutland Treaty was signed in the 20th century that he became a symbolic country.

In addition, in the15th century, the then Bishop Nicholas V began to use the word "Romanus Pontifex" when he was engaged in diplomatic envoy activities with King Alfonso V of the Portuguese Kingdom, and wrote it into church law. Later, Portuguese businessmen and missionaries came to China to carry out bilateral activities with the Ming and Qing governments, and they were translated into the Enlightenment Emperor, which was established by convention.

Bishops are consecrated by the Holy Spirit as shepherds and administrators in the church, as well as teachers of doctrine and priests who pay tribute to the priesthood. In the mainstream Christian church, it means that Jesus Christ sent apostles to continue his mission. By the end of the first century and the beginning of the second century, the bishop system was formed.

An auxiliary bishop (English) refers to a bishop who has no inheritance rights, and an auxiliary parish bishop.

Coat justitor Bishop (English) refers to the bishop who has the right of inheritance and assists the diocese bishop.

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In order to show the position and status of the bishop, the bishop's dress has special signs: dress, high crown, scepter, power ring and small round hat. Dress-because of different status levels, colors are different.

(1) Pope: dressed in white, also known as bishop in white.

(2) Cardinal: wearing red, also known as cardinal.

(3) Archbishop, bishop: wearing purple, also known as the bishop wearing purple.

bishop

Mace-A mace is a bishop's mace, representing his position and clerical duties. The bishop can use the scepter when presiding over the ceremony, but he needs to wear a high crown when using it, and both of them are used at the same time. Only one bishop can use the scepter during the * * * sacrifice. In the parish under their jurisdiction, you can use the scepter; Outside the parish, you must get permission from the bishop of the area to use it.

When holding the scepter, the circle at the top of the scepter will face the congregation or the consecrated object. The material is gold-plated silver or wood, inlaid and decorated, with a pointed lower end and a semicircular or full circle upper end.

Pope Pope Paul VI changed the scepter into a cross, and some bishops changed it accordingly. Power ring-ancient people wore rings as the seal of signing contracts; The ring also symbolizes authority, so the bishop's power ring is a symbol of authority and Covenant. There is no need to affix a ring to today's official document, but there is still an authorization ring at the bishop's consecration ceremony.

Ordinary parishioners will kiss the bishop's power ring when they salute the bishop; However, this custom has gradually disappeared. The decoration of the power ring includes gems, patterns and so on. Most of them are customs handed down from the Middle Ages. After the advocacy of several popes in modern times, there is no longer a gem pattern, just like the ring used by ordinary people, but slightly wider.

High crown-high crown is the bishop's crown. During the ceremony, he put on his sacrificial clothes and hat. It consists of two triangular melon-seed-shaped hard cloth covered with gold wire or decorated with precious stones. It is about 30 cm high and has two streamers hanging behind it. The high crown symbolizes the courage and fighting spirit of bishops who are not afraid of difficulties and work hard, taking priests and parishioners to all the darkness and evil in the world. Generally speaking, bishops wear high crowns when sitting on the throne, preaching, blessing parishioners and marching.

Small round hat-the origin of the small round hat is related to the haircut ceremony. Before the etiquette reform of the Vatican II Grand Council, the first step to enter the clergy was to receive a haircut. The bishop cut a circle on the elected head, so he wore a small round hat to keep out the cold. After evolution, the small round hat became a dress. The haircut ceremony has been cancelled, and the bishop still keeps the habit of wearing a small round hat.

In addition, when saluting, you can wear a small round hat under the high crown. The small round cap should only be taken off before the Eucharist, so it is called "only for God" in Latin. Therefore, the bishop should take off his hat before reading all the thanksgiving scriptures and offering sacraments.