1898165438+1October 22nd, Zhu Ziqing was born in Donghai County, Jiangsu Province and originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. As he lived in Yangzhou for generations, he claimed to be a native of Yangzhou, whose real name was Huazi, and later changed his name to Ziqing.
19 16 was admitted to the national Peking University preparatory school. The following year, she was promoted to undergraduate philosophy department, took an active part in the May 4th Movement, and married Wu Zhongqian, the daughter of Yangzhou famous doctor Wu Weisan, at the orders of her parents.
19 17, my family was in financial difficulties, so I changed my name to encourage myself not to follow the custom. "Self-purification" comes from "Chu Ci Bu Ju": "refers to honesty and integrity, so as to keep oneself innocent. The reason why the word "string-piercing" is the word "string-piercing" is because Zhu Ziqing thinks that he is slow-hot, and that "Dong is slow-hot, so he wears strings in a hurry" in Han Feizi.
19/kloc-started writing new poems in 0/9. The Virgin recorded in Snow Dynasty is to sleep, little man.
1920 Graduated from the Philosophy Department of National Peking University, and then taught at Zhejiang First Normal University in Hangzhou. 1 1 month, the Literature Research Association was formally established and was one of the early members.
1922 co-founded Poetry Monthly with Yu Pingbo, Ye Shengtao and Liu Yanling, which was the earliest poetry magazine since the New Poetry Movement, and ceased publication after seven issues.
1923 began to write prose. His first novel Qinhuai River in the Shadow of Paddle Lights was well received as soon as it was published, and Zhou Zuoren once praised it as "a model of vernacular art".
1923 In February, Zhu Ziqing came to Wenzhou and taught in Zhejiang No.10 Middle School (now Wenzhou Middle School). The school song of No.10 Middle School written by him has been sung endlessly, and the famous sentence "Enlighten the country, enlighten the saints" has become the school motto of Wenzhou Middle School for decades. During his stay in Wenzhou, Zhu Ziqing also wrote four essays "Traces of Wenzhou", among which the famous essay "Green" describes the charming scenery of plum rain pool in Xianyan, which has long been included as a model essay in middle school Chinese textbooks.
1924 published a collection of poems and essays. It presents a simple and fresh style in thought and art, including Bright, New Year, Coal, Sending Han Bo to Russia for Painting, Sheep, Modern in a Cabin and so on. Eager pursuit of light, looking forward to the future, vigorously attacking the dark world, exposing bloody life and describing the revolutionary spirit of anti-imperialism and feudalism are rare works in early new poems.
1925, the editor-in-chief published our June. Soon after, he went to Tsinghua University (later renamed National Tsinghua University) to teach and began to engage in literary research. His creation turned to prose, which was the beginning of his life serving Tsinghua University and studying China's classical literature.
1928 published the first collection of essays "Back", which concentrated personal real experiences and unique feelings and was unique with its simple, simple, fresh and beautiful style.
193 1 year, studying in Britain, studying linguistics and English literature.
1932, she married Ms. Chen Zhuyin.
From 65438 to 0934, Taibai, the prose magazine of Literary Quarterly, was founded, and he was one of the editors of both.
From 65438 to 0935, he was the editor-in-chief of Poems of China New Literature Department and wrote the introduction. During this period, although Zhu Ziqing's prose was slightly inferior to the previous period, it was ingenious in conception and sincere in attitude. As always, the colloquialism of literature was more natural and refined.
From 65438 to 0938, he went to Kunming and served as the director of China Literature Department of National Southwest Associated University, which was formed by the merger of National Peking University, National Tsinghua University and private Nankai University, and was elected as the director of the All-China Anti-Enemy Association of Literary and Art Circles. In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, regardless of poverty, he engaged in teaching and literature research with a serious and rigorous attitude, and once co-authored books such as Chinese Teaching with Ye Shengtao.
1946, editor-in-chief of the language and literature supplement of Xinbao.
In July, 1948 and 18, a declaration was signed to protest against the US policy of aiding Japan and refuse to accept American flour assistance. /kloc-died of severe duodenal ulcer in Beiping Hospital in August, at the age of 49. Zhu Ziqing is a patriotic cultural man with backbone, and Mao Zedong praised him for "showing the heroism of our nation".
In addition, it needs to be clarified that it is generally believed that Zhu Ziqing died of hunger because of a passage in Mao Zedong's Farewell to Si Tuleideng: "We China people have backbone. ..... Wen Yiduo was angry, and looked at the Kuomintang pistol with an angry look, preferring to fall down rather than give in. Zhu Ziqing was seriously ill and would rather starve to death than accept American relief food. " This is the origin of Zhu Ziqing's "starvation". But that's not true. Zhu Ziqing died of duodenal perforation caused by severe duodenal ulcer, not from hunger.
At that time, Zhu Ziqing did sign the "Declaration on Protesting the American Policy of Aid to Japan", and refusing to accept American flour with low government quota did have a great impact on Zhu Ziqing's family economy (it cost six million francs a month, which had a great impact on the family), but it did not affect the normal expenses of Zhu Ziqing's family. In his diary in his later years, there is no record of suffering from lack of food. Even during the period of Southwest Associated University, which is recognized as the most difficult life, he often ate.
Not only that, Zhu Ziqing also wrote in his diary, such as "drinking milk, but it is very painful", "eating too much at night", "having a good appetite, and finally holding back the illness", "eating too much" and "eating lotus root starch, that is, vomiting". Moreover, before his death 1948, 14 days on July 29th, that is, 1 1 day after he signed the declaration of refusing to receive American "relief food", he also reminded himself in his diary: "Be careful!"
Facts show that Zhu Ziqing's family was worried about eating and drinking at that time, but he couldn't eat more because of his serious stomach trouble, but he couldn't help eating more. Overeating aggravated his duodenal ulcer and eventually led to duodenal perforation. The treatment was ineffective and he died unfortunately.
Extended data:
Zhu Ziqing (1898165438+1October 22-1August 948 12), formerly known as Huazi, was renamed as Ziqing with some conditions. China modern essayist, poet, scholar and democracy fighter. ?
Originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, I was born in Donghai County, Jiangsu Province (now Pingming Town, Donghai County, Lianyungang City), and later settled in Yangzhou with my grandfather and father, calling myself "I am from Yangzhou". 19 16 graduated from middle school and successfully entered Peking university preparatory college. Poetry published in 19 19. 1928 published the first collection of essays "The Back". 1in July, 932, he served as the head of the literature department of China, Tsinghua University. 1934, published in Europe and London. 1935 published a collection of essays, You and Me. 1948 August 12 died of stomach perforation in Beiping at the age of 50.
Zhu Ziqing is a famous poet, essayist and scholar in modern China, and his works are co-edited as The Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing.
Prose style
Zhu Ziqing's prose is rigorous in structure, clear in context, plain, plain and natural, concise, euphemistic and implicit, detailed and vivid in description, delicate and vivid, beautiful and slender, good at metaphor, and sometimes too elaborate. Zhu Ziqing is good at expressing his feelings. His feelings are sincere and touching, fresh and meaningful, and he speaks in living English. He is also good at borrowing scenery to express emotion, blending scenes, poetic and picturesque, colorful and harmonious. He once said: my interest is in poetry, and now I prefer Song poetry; I am a prose writer, so I also love prose poetry. Therefore, in his prose, the aesthetic feeling of poetry is also revealed.
Zhu Ziqing's early works are good at writing scenery and expressing feelings, such as Qinhuai River in the Shadows of Paddles and Lights, Back Shadow and Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, etc. Some of his works mainly criticize the social situation.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia: Zhu Ziqing