It has always been a suspense.

What exactly is rock music?

Long hair, leather jacket, ripped jeans ... yes or no;

Guitar, bass, drums ... yes, no;

Elvis Presley, the Beatles, Bob Dylan, Nirvana ............................................................................................................................................................

Young and free, hormonal, deviant ... yes and no;

Rhythm, lyrics, melody, dream, truth, feeling, wildness, faith, strength, anger ... yes and no;

……

These are not rock music, but they are all. So what is the metaphysical definition of rock music? In my opinion, asking this question is like setting a trap for yourself, just like someone is stupid enough to ask what true love is and whether there is true love in this world. Because there can never be a standard answer. Not all the time! Every time you find that you seem to be only one step away from the edge of truth, but you don't know where the other fork in the road comes from, you just need to take a step forward, which is truth, but this fork in the road leads you back to the original starting point, so your thinking has to start from scratch again.

History says so.

The first work branded with rock in history was Rock Around the Clock recorded by American white musician bill haley in the mid-1950s. At that time, bill haley was wearing a straight suit and tie, and her hair was shiny. If such a person walks in the street or sings this song on the present stage, no one will think that he is singing rock, but history defines it as the first rock work. This is not surprising. It turns out that people still think that the sky is round and the earth is square. It turns out that people still think that the earth is the center of the universe! We can regard it as a joke of the times. In this way, in fact, any specific definition seems to be relative, because the times are changing and people's cognitive field is constantly expanding and changing.

The most difficult thing in the world is to define something, because it needs an accurate and concise description. The easiest thing in the world is to define something, because you can give a concept in your own way of understanding and understanding. So a long time ago, in the traditional consciousness of China people, a long hair and a leather jacket were rock and roll. Then some people think that rock and roll is a solo on the guitar, a bass on the bass, and a rhythm on the drum set. Now some people say that rock and roll is a kind of spirit, and some people say that these are all wrong. So with more and more doubts, I began to look through relevant works and materials and found the following definitions given by some so-called rock experts:

Greer Marcus is the author of the famous rock classic Mystery Train. He thinks that rock and roll is nothing more than "an American culture". For example, Elvis Presley is nothing more than "dramatizing the feeling of being an American and vividly expressing the meaning, value, advantages and disadvantages of American life".

Karl bell thinks that rock and roll is "folk art", which is a subconscious slang expression in his Rock Story.

Charlie Ritter called rock and roll "the voice of the city" and thought it was a new musical cry created by urban teenagers.

Jonathan Eisen called rock and roll a "hypocritical rebellion against western culture" ... a profound form of subversion.

Dave Huck analyzed rock and roll with Marxist theory of class struggle in Value for Money, and considered it as "working class culture". Paul johnson, on the other hand, attaches great importance to rock and roll in The New Politician, regarding it as a conspiracy of the bourgeoisie, with the purpose of wooing potential revolutionaries and making them "addicted to it and insensitive, lazy and divorced from reality".

Richard Golz Tan believes in Poetry of Rock that the most important feature of rock and roll is still the profligacy of youthful vitality. ...

Having said that, I remembered the definition of rock music given by American black musician Chuck Berry, which was also the work of Johnny B. Fortunately, it was in the early 1950s. It tells the story of the success of a young guitarist. It adds a very attractive aura to rock music in a narrative way. Rock music can make an ordinary person successful and brilliant. This ordinary person can have no knowledge of music theory or music, as long as he has ideals, as long as he bravely sings his own ideas, as long as he is willing. In addition, it is particularly worth mentioning that on a spaceship launched by the United States to alien creatures, this song was also burned on the CD as the essence of human civilization to express the civilized achievements of the people on earth.

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The origin of rock and roll

What is rock music? I remember someone once asked Wu Bai on the radio why rock music in Taiwan Province Province was not popular. He replied: Because the roads in Taiwan Province Province are not big enough. What a wonderful answer! ! Rock music has many explanations, one of which is: a kind of music that can be shaken. I quite like this explanation, which coincides with Wu Bai's wonderful answer.

Actually, as early as the early 1930s, there was a song called Rock &; Fuck off, but there was no such music name at that time. The term "rock concert" was first used by DJ alan freed in his radio program at 195 1. It is said that new york still respects him as the king of rock music. In addition, Bill Henry bill haley and his group's Comet Band-His Comet stayed on the chart for eight weeks in 55 years. With the help of this song, rock and roll became well known to the world, so some people called 1955 the rock and roll era, and Bill Henry was nicknamed the father of rock and roll.

Rock music can be said to be a new music interwoven with jazz, blues, country music and western songs, but most of the elements are still taken from blues. Some people even say that rock music only aggravates Bruce, but I can't accept this statement. For example, singing rock, you don't have to show too much singing skills, and the singing method close to tearing makes the mood completely loud. If the blues is not, it evokes sadness, just because rock music has this characteristic. No wonder Hu can spread this craze quickly when life is generally not peaceful, and under the leadership of other pioneers, rock fever has spread for decades ~

Great changes finally took place in American rock music in the early 1960s, that is, a group of British orchestras suddenly broke into the American market from The Beatles, which was called the first British invasion. Fortunately, there were some American bands competing with them at that time, such as the Beach Boys, who were similar to the Beatles and full of beautiful beaches, sunshine, beautiful women and waves. In addition, famous folk rock music full of national style followed, but besides Bob Dylan, there are many distinctive British singers such as Guerth or Ireland. However, in the late 1960s, American orchestras took the lead again, that is, psychedelic rock music led by 3J (jim morrison, jimi hendrix and janis joplin) became the most popular rock music at that time, but most psychedelic bands died quite early except for gratitude.

After the 1960s, the rock styles in the 1970s were extremely rich. In the early 1970s, gorgeous rock headed by David Bowie began to appear. In addition, in order not to be limited to the existing rock types, progressive rock, classical rock and artistic rock also rose, becoming the new image of the music industry at that time, and jazz rock gradually became famous. In addition, it was the most popular and longest-lived heavy metal rock across the 1970s and 1980s. Perhaps at present, led zeppelin's decibel search, deep purple and black Sabbath can be said to be the deafening rock types at that time. Since then, heavy metals have been favored by rock fans through continuous evolution. In addition, country rock, California rock and southern rock, which are different from HM style, were also very popular in the 1970s. If the great event in the 1960s was the British invasion, then the great event in the 1970s was the punk rock that sprang up in the late 1970s, but just like the psychedelic rock in the late 1960s, punk didn't live long.

In the 1980s, except for the early punk style, heavy metals with the afterglow of the 1970s dominated. Almost all the beautiful 1980s were dominated by heavy metals (heavy metals), but they were still seeking innovation and change, and their styles were definitely different from the past, so they were also named as heavy metals in Sina. Under strong rock, except blue-collar rock, pop rock and reggae rock, if they can break through one day, they can win by skill.

Then in the early 1990s, Seattle Sound Grease Rock led the rock trend, but it was immediately overwhelmed by britpop, which was full of electronic music. Because these bands from all over Britain quickly conquered a new generation of rock fans, they were called the second British invasion. In addition, in the late 1990s, some alternative rock with punk style or full of electronic music also captured a considerable number of fans. Maybe the rock wave has passed, as MacArthur said, veterans are just dying, but new blood of rock is constantly emerging, electronic music, industry, hip-hop ... Maybe the rock style is not what it used to be, but at least it is a continuation of another rock type.

In fact, it is foolish, one-sided and subjective to classify abstruse rock music. However, the purpose of sorting out here is to facilitate everyone to have a general understanding of rock music.

Hard rock (hard rock)

A style of rock music developed by Bruce in the early 1960s, with strong guitar distortion, complicated guitar, more lead guitar components and strong blues flavor. The earliest rock bands such as Rolling Stones, WHO, Sweat &; Tear and others, and later Led Zeppelin, AC/DC, cheap tricks, etc. Hard rock band, so to speak. Hard rock and heavy metal are usually not easy to distinguish, and different people have different ways to distinguish them. Some people think that it was called hard rock before the 1970s and heavy metal after the 1970s. Some people think that guitars with less distortion are hard rock and guitars with more distortion are heavy metals. Some people think that long hair is hard rock and long hair is heavy metal; Others think that American bands are hard rock bands (Americans call them METALLICA hard rock bands), while other countries are heavy metals; In my opinion, hard rock is the weak expressive force of rhythm guitar, riff is the strong expressive force of rhythm guitar, and heavy metal is the dominant force of songs. However, there is no need to make such a clear distinction. Hard and heavy are our favorite musical temperament.

Heavy metal (heavy metal)

A style of rock music developed by blues and hard rock in the late 1960s. Guitar distortion with metallic texture and repetitive guitar improvisation are the main characteristics of heavy metals, covering a wide range and various categories. It is the largest branch of rock music since the 1970s, and it can also be said to be the most orthodox rock music. Typical bands include Black Sabbath (the first heavy metal band), motorhead, Iron Lady, Slayer, Basri, Death, Lands of Lore and so on. Heavy metal and hard rock are often confused. See hard rock. The word "heavy metal" was abused for a while. In the 1980s, many popular metals and even pop rock were labeled as "heavy metals", and many people were misled. In our example, heavy metals have a broader meaning. But sometimes the term "heavy metal" refers to the most typical heavy metal bands, such as ozzy osbourne, Acceptor, Judas Pastor, etc. They are usually difficult to be divided into any faction, so they have to be simply called heavy metals.

Metal (metal)

The word "heavy metal" was overused due to the proliferation of popular metals and even pop rock in 1980s. When it comes to heavy metals, people's first reaction is bands like Bonjovi and Gunhua, as if they represent heavy metal music. As a result, many bands and fans began to dislike "heavy metal", and they began to call those heavy metal music with more core and toughness "metal" music, that is to say, "metal" is heavier and tougher than "heavy metal". However, this word has gradually become a symbol of temperament, thus becoming more abstract and difficult to explain. It is a comprehensive feature of thought, image, timbre and arrangement. For example, we can say that the early METALLICA had a strong metallic taste, and then it almost disappeared; We can also say that among the metals popular in the 1980s, WASP is relatively metallic; We can also call Black Sabbath a metal band, and Led Zeppelin is a heavy metal band at best. Judas priest, Iron Lady and OVERKILL all have strong metal temperament, while AC/DC, DEF LEPPARD and SLAYER have weak metal temperament (because they have strong blues, pop and punk meanings respectively). Death metal is the most metal among extreme metals, because Grindcore has a strong punk flavor, and the timbre of black metal is too dirty-in short, it is really an unspeakable word.

Psychedelic rock music

That is, psychedelic rock, which prevailed in the middle and late 1960s, is one of the products of hippie movement. Its music features a deafening strong rhythm and a loud electric guitar played by one or two people. Different from heavy metal rock, psychedelic rock has no certain form, a lot of improvisation components, and a variety of melodic timbre, which is often full of wonderful performances. The word "acid" is slang for LSD, and acid rock is named because of its fanatical and psychedelic music characteristics.

art rock

A kind of rock music that tries to incorporate classical music into it. It is characterized by its huge structure and complex harmonic language, and often borrows themes from classical music as materials. "Art Rock" rose in the 1960s among some British rock musicians influenced by classical music. The Beatles's concept album "Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Club Band" is regarded as the pioneer of "art rock". In the mid-1970s, a similar trend appeared in the United States. Emerson, Lake and Palmer adapted Musorgskiy's painting exhibition into rock music. Yes band used classical sonata form in "Close to the Edge". Other famous American bands are The New York Doll, Lou Reed and patty smith. They did not emphasize the superficial connection between rock music and classical music, but paid attention to the rigor of music logic and the simplicity and unity of music materials, thus inspiring the emergence of punk music and new wave music.

Punk rock

A popular music school in the middle and late 1970s is also a famous music movement. There are two main purposes: to oppose the wealthy middle class and upper class, and to oppose the mainstream rock forms and business practices at that time. The famous punk band is the British sex pistol. It is characterized by disgusting performances, annoying stage behaviors, nail-shaped hairstyles, torn clothes, foul language and politically unstable songs. For punk bands, spirit and belief are often more important than musical skills. At that time, the complacent tendency of music threatened the decline of music quality, and the rise of punk movement revived rock music to some extent. In essence, punk music is not without melody as it has always been commented, and many wonderful works have had a considerable impact on the latecomers.

soft rock

Soft rock came into being in the early 1970s, originally referring to those rock music based on folk songs and without electro-acoustic instruments. Later, those beautiful and smooth rock music, although using electro-acoustic instruments, is also called soft rock. This kind of music is called "the middle way" in the American recording industry. Soft rock in a broad sense refers to all lyric songs with soft rock rhythm and electro-acoustic instruments. Similar to pop music, most pop songs in Hong Kong and Taiwan can be classified as soft rock.

Folk rock (folk rock)

Rock music is based on the structure and theme of folk songs and is suitable for national musical instruments and technical performances. This kind of music is reflected in Bob Dylan's works. Bob used electric guitar, drums, keyboards and other musical instruments in folk music, forming a unique style. In the early 1960s, his music was strongly criticized by folk purists. Another famous folk rock band is Bird. Influenced by The Beatles's lively pop works, it transformed the early folk songs and bluegrass music, and became unique. A kind of pop music. Mainly refers to the music of mainstream rock stars that everyone is familiar with in the late 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s.

Alternative rock (alternative rock)

A form of rock music. It developed after the stagnation of "rock group" and "heavy metal" in the middle and early 1980s. It has a more dynamic and unique voice, emphasizing the grotesque originality of music rather than the external expression of music.

Rock and roll (Rockabilly)

A form of white rock music that combines the string sounds in country music with the musical structure and lyrical style of "Rhythm and Blues" music. It was popular in the middle and late 1950s. It is characterized by the full and slightly nasal sound of the main electric guitar, the active bass line played by the bass tapping the strings with the palm of your hand, the clear rhythm pattern played by the rhythm guitar, and some simple percussion rhythms added from time to time. There are often clever screams and intermittent burps in singing, mixed with coconut elm and ironic tone. Presley recorded some songs for Sun Records in Memphis in the mid-1950s, which established the style of mountain rock.

Reggae (a dance and dance in the West Indies)

A kind of Jamaican pop music evolved from skank and rock music. In fact, it is difficult to draw a clear line between Lockstead and Reggae.

Only the latter is more exquisite than the former, and the use of electro-acoustic instruments is becoming more and more international. If Scala music is just a kind of Latin American pop music influenced by American pop music, reggae has developed into an important genre of mainstream rock music in Europe and America.

Classification of heavy metals

Ferrous metal ferrous metal

With evil, pagan worship and Satan's thoughts as the main demands, lyrics are usually classified as black metal because they contain anti-Christian and anti-religious tendencies. In addition to the traditional heavy metal fixed instruments, other instruments such as piano, violin or opera soprano are often used to create a strange and scary atmosphere in songs. "Black metal" is represented by heavy metal groups in Northern Europe.

On behalf of the band: Emperor, Injury, Slavery, Dark Funeral.

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Death metal

This music style evolved from the background of "thrash metal" or "grinding the core". The rapid repetition of the electric guitar, several melodious chords, the double drums that are trampled quickly, the singer's teeth gnashing, and the lyrics are based on the theme of death and hatred, full of abnormal words such as corpse, viscera, dismemberment, corpse rape, necrophilia, cannibalism and abuse. The representative of "Death Metal" is the heavy metal band in Florida.

On behalf of the band: death, corpse, cannibal corpse, suffocation.

Destroy destroy metal

The rhythm and speed are very slow, very slow. Less intense, less aggressive, but still quite weighty music. There are usually very clean music and songs, but sometimes there are rough and savage voices.

Representative bands: Lonely Angel, Cathedral, Candle Mass.

Gorgeous metal

Usually refers to the stage performance or external image of a heavy metal band, which attracts fans with exaggerated heavy makeup or handsome appearance. Most of these bands are idol groups. The musical style of Gorgeous Metal is not too heavy, and the lyrics have no deep meaning. It belongs to popular heavy metal music and is a branch of mainstream metal.

Representative orchestras: Kiss, Poisson, Warriant, Twisted Sister, Motley Crue.

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Grinding core

Similar to "punk" but heavy music, the lead singer's low voice and low roar, the super-spicy timbre of electric guitar, coupled with extremely fast repetitive beats and dense drums, constitute a heavy metal music style with few melodies, and the music length is very short, ranging from two seconds to three minutes. "grindcore" is a rare heavy metal music style, which is adopted by most "Death Metal" bands.

Representative band: Napalm Death

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Garbage (decadent? )

The pronoun of alternative rock. Metal-like alternative rock, which originated in Seattle, belongs to alternative rock and should not be classified as heavy metal.

Representative bands: Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Mud Honey, Chain Alice.

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Iron iron

Originated from "punk", the lyrics are outspoken and vulgar, and the music is like noise.

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Hard rock and heavy rock.

Music that is lighter than metal music.

Representative bands: foreigner, blue oyster cult, heart, Cinderella.

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Heavy metal heavy metal

"Heavy metal" must have a roaring or high-pitched voice, a lot of distorted timbre of electric guitar, and then fill the whole auditory background space with dense and fast drums and deep and powerful bass, thus forming improved rock music with high explosive power, high speed, heavy weight and strong destructiveness. Usually refers to the traditional mainstream heavy metal or heavy metal music that cannot be classified into other heavy metal genres.

Representative bands: AC/DC, Acceptance, Judas Pastor, Iron Lady, W.A.S.P

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Industrial metal

Using a large number of cold computer sampling sound effects, interspersed with the impact of mechanical or metal instruments instead of traditional percussion instruments, plus electronic beats, is very similar to the heavy metal music of technical dance music, but still retains a large number of heavy metal distortion effects.

Representative band: Nine Inch Nails Pastor Factory.

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Neoclassical metals

Deeply influenced by classical music, heavy metal music has added a lot of classical music elements.

Representative band: Angra

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pop metal

Adding pop music elements to heavy metal rock can be said to be a compromise product of heavy metal rock and pop music, which is easily accepted by music consumers in the mainstream market.

Representative bands: Def Leppard, Mr. Big Man and White Lion.

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power metal

It has a sense of oppression similar to the speed of "speed metal" and the weight of "whipping metal", but the melody is not as good as "speed metal" and the explosive power is not as good as "whipping metal".

Representative bands: Pantera, Real Saints and Wild Dogs.

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progressive metal

Style is different from traditional heavy metals. A lot of complicated and gorgeous arrangements are used in the songs, or some progressive ideas are conveyed in the lyrics for the listeners to imagine and think.

Representative bands: Queensryche, Destiny Warning, Dream Theater.

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Punk punk

Lyrics convey some rebellious thoughts and dissatisfaction with living environment, culture, society and politics, but music lacks coordination and has no specific style. This is a rather noisy music. Usually a group of people who can make instrumental sounds can form a punk band.

Representative band: sex pistol Clash

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Speed metal speed metal

Speed is its main feature. It is often confused with "whipping metal". Usually, the music of "speed metal" is melodious, the lead singer's lyrics are clear, and the guitar interlude is melodious, fast and smooth; However, thrash metal lacks melody and pays equal attention to speed, weight, oppression and destructive power. Usually, musicians of "Whip Metal" and "Speed Metal" have excellent musical instrument playing skills.

Representative bands: Helloewen, Gamma Ray, Riot, Rage.

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Whip metal. Whip metal.

It is also extremely fast, with a fairly fast repetitive beat (riff). The rough timbre of electric guitar brushes wild chords, and stepping on double drums quickly is extremely destructive and oppressive. The lead singer's rough, growling voice is matched with the fast rhythm of the electric guitar to quickly sing some Kubinashi melodies. Whipping Metal is the most representative heavy metal band in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Representative bands: Metal Band, Megades Band, Slayer Band, Anthrax, Angel of Death Band, Wills Band, Exodus Band, Destruction Band, Founder Band, Coroner Band, Overkill Band.

Classification of gold metals in Europe

Ferrous metal (ferrous metal): ※:

1. Enlightening Black Metal: In the early 1980s, Venom, a British underground heavy metal band, clearly publicized the worship of Satan and the desire for war in its music, and it was the first time that they brought the term "black metal" to the metal circle, which pointed out the musical direction for the future black metal band; There are also two enlightened black metal bands in Sweden, Bathory (named after the bloodsucking Countess) and Celtic Frost (Celtic Frost). Their music has basically possessed the characteristics of primitive black metal: rough, tyrannical and evil! And Bathory's first album is also called the first black metal record. I can't help but mention the Mercyful fate in Denmark. Although they didn't have much influence on the later primitive black metal, they set an example for Gothic black metal, symphonic black metal and Gothic metal.

2. Primary black metal: The hometown of primary black metal is Norway. The first original Norwegian black metal band was Mayhem (intentional injury) formed in 1983 and The Darkness formed in 199 1 year. Mayhem's 1993 album "De Mysteries Dom Sathanas" is regarded as a model of many new black metal bands in the future. De Mysteries Dom Sathanas is a landmark album in the history of black metal, one of the greatest albums of black metal, and the purest black metal.

During the period of 1992- 1994, the second batch of original black metals began to appear. In Norway, there are Lands of Lore (Lands of Lore was founded in 1996, but their original black metal works were only published in 1992) and Satryicon (forest). Sweden has: Marduk, Dark pierre, etc. Other European countries include Graveland in Poland, Abigail in Austria, Nazareth in Finland and Baltac in Macedonia.

3. Symphonic black metal: When the second batch of original black metal bands were active, another new type of black metal was constantly developing, that is, a large number of keyboards were played to set off the dark atmosphere. The representative bands are: the King of Norway, the children of the elderly, the Fog Castle Orchestra, and the Castle in the Fog; Other European bands include Austria's Call Band and Ukraine's Death Song Band.

4. Gothic black metal: This kind of black metal mainly adds Gothic keyboard and Gothic female voice to the music of the original black metal, paying attention to visual effects. The representative bands are Norwegian Dismal Euphony, Italian Gravim and British Cradle of Dirt.

5. viking metal: This is a kind of folk black metal based on Viking culture in northern Europe. Representative bands include Norwegian Ulver, Slavery, Einherjer, Borknagar, etc. And the works of the Swedish band Bathory in the middle and late period.

6. Melody black metal: This is a new black metal style, which means the same as melody death metal, that is, to make the ultimate music melodious. The representative bands are Vintersorg and Witchered Beauty from Sweden.

7. Dark metal: This is a branch of black metal. It expresses its feelings with black metal playing skills and singing. Generally does not contain devil worship. The representative bands are Aeternus of Norway and Thy snake of Finland. Crematorium in Germany; Samael, Switzerland.

(dead metal): ※:

1, brutal death metal: The center of death metal in Europe is undoubtedly Stockholm, Sweden, so the Swedish band is excellent in both brutal death metal and melodious death metal. The representative bands of savage death metal in Europe are: dismemberment, wing removal, hypocrisy, Gardenian; In Sweden; Craba Thor; , Germany; The body of England.

2. Melody Death Metal: The representative bands are flame from Sweden, darkness and tranquility, gate, edge of reason, blasphemy and Amo from Finland.