2. The source of signature is in documents, calligraphy and painting, and the contract is signed or recorded privately. It was called pledge at the time of occupation, and now it is called signing, which has existed since the kingdom period.
3. At the beginning of Tang Dynasty, because Emperor Taizong had ordered his ministers not to sign the memorial in cursive script, there were many cursive scripts on other documents. The cursive script has a fancy shape and is called a flower bet. In Song Dynasty, when people presented official documents or exchanged letters with others, they didn't sign their names at the end of official documents, but only wrote their own characters, which were called pawn characters or cursive characters.
It is a problem for illiterate people, so people draw a circle instead. This is a painting bet or a painting bet. Wang Anshi of the Song Dynasty should be the founder of Huabeite. The habit of Wang Anshi's signature is to write only stone characters, and after writing a horizontal line, draw a circle in the middle of the strokes. Because of his impatience, the circle is not round, often flat, and he takes too much. So he heard a private discussion that the strength of his department was contrary to the word, so he added the meaning to make a circle, and later generations took it for granted and abandoned the horizontal. This is the origin of the oath.