Brief introduction to the contents of Tao Te Ching
Tao Te Ching, also known as the True Classic of Morality, Five Thousand Words of Laozi, and Five Thousand Articles of Laozi, was a work of China before the separation of the pre-Qin philosophers in ancient times, and was highly praised by the philosophers at that time. This legend was written by Laozi (Li Er) in the Spring and Autumn Period and is an important source of Taoist philosophy. Tao Te Ching is divided into two parts. The first part of the original text is the Tao Te Ching, and the second part is the Tao Te Ching, without chapters. Later, it was changed to the Tao Te Ching in the first 37 chapters, and the Tao Te Ching in the last 38 chapters, divided into 8 1 chapters. Is there any philosophy in the text? Moral? What is the truth of self-cultivation, governing the country, using troops, keeping in good health and taking politics as the mainstay? The inner saint and the outer king? Learning is profound and inclusive [2]. Known by the Chinese ancestors as the king of all classics.
The Creation Background of Tao Te Ching
According to the literature, Lao Tzu is quiet, studious and knowledgeable. In the process of teaching knowledge by his teacher, Shang Rong, Laozi always gets to the bottom of the matter and is very eager for knowledge. In order to solve doubts, he often looks up at the sun, moon and stars and thinks about what the sky is, so that he often can't sleep. Later, Mr. Shang Rong? Actually, I've learned everything. ? Recommend Laozi to study in Zhoudu. Documentary records:? I came to Zhou, visited the doctor, went to imperial academy, and learned astronomy, geography and human feelings. I read all kinds of poems, books, I ching, calendars, ceremonies and music, and I learn all kinds of cultural relics, laws and history books, and I have made great progress in my study. The doctor also recommended him to be an official in the Tibetan room. The sutra depository is a collection of ancient books in the Zhou Dynasty, which is full of articles and books from all over the world. ? Through this experience, Laozi accumulated a wealth of knowledge and made him famous.
Laozi was born in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At that time, the environment was weak in the Zhou Dynasty, and various governors constantly competed for hegemony. The violent turmoil and changes made Lao Tzu witness the sufferings of the people, which was regarded as the Tibetan history of the Zhou Dynasty, so he put forward a series of thoughts on governing the country and protecting the people.
Yin Zhen's guarding of Hanguguan also played a great role in the compilation of Tao Te Ching. When he was young, he was fond of astronomy, reading ancient books, and had a profound cultivation. Sima Qian recorded Laozi in Historical Records and Biography of Laozi. After living in Zhou for a long time, I saw Zhou's decline and went. Guan Guan (Order) Yin said: I will hide it and write it for me, so I will go with the virtue of 5,000 words, and I will never know it. Yin moved Lao Tzu, who traced his life experience, the success or failure of the dynasty and the safety of the people, and wrote the first and second books, with five thousand words, namely the Tao Te Ching.
Foreign language notes of Tao Te Ching
1. The Complete Solution of Laozi by Daejeon Kiyohyun (Japanese version)
2. Tojo Tojo's notes on the symbol of old Zi Wang.
3. The Primitive Man of Laozi by Yoshio Takeuchi
4. Research on Laozi of Takeuchi Yoshio
5. "Laozi" translated by Takeuchi Haofu
6. Naoko Naoki's Postscript of the Old He Zi Palace Master.
7. Fu Yongguang's Lao Zi
8. The New Theory of Laozi by Hideyoshi Kimura
Theme of Tao Te Ching
The theme of Tao Te Ching: Taoism is natural.
? Taoism is natural? It is the essence of Laozi's thought in Tao Te Ching. ? Tao? As the most abstract concept category in Tao Te Ching, it is the source of power to create everything in the world. ? De? what's up Tao? Development and performance in the field of ethics. ? Tao? With what? Law? Rules are similar to common sense, but different from western natural law. ? Law? We should imitate the way of nature and play its role in the reverse transformation of syndrome differentiation.
Philosophical? Tao? Is the mother of the beginning of the universe. The unity of opposites of Yin and Yang is the essential embodiment of all things, and the extremes of things are the law of evolution of all things. Ethically, Laozi advocates simplicity, selflessness, serenity, humility, gentleness, weakness and indifference. Politically, Lao Tzu advocates doing nothing at home, not disturbing the people, living in peace with foreign countries and opposing war and violence. These three levels constitute the theme of the Tao Te Ching, and at the same time make the book run through the structure? Physics to philosophy to ethics to politics? The logic of "politics" is progressive step by step, from the way of nature to the virtue of ethics, and finally ends with the idea of ideal politics and the way of governance. That is, looking for the bright right path to the ideal social order from the natural order. [
After reading Lao Tzu's classic books on Chinese studies, I'm still reading:
1. Recommend thirteen Chinese classics that teenagers must read.
2. Liang Qichao's Bibliography of Chinese Studies
3. Understanding of Tao Te Ching from China's classics.
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5. Recommended Chinese books that junior high school students must read.