2) Working ticket system;
3) Work permit system;
4) Work guardianship system;
5) Work rest system;
6) After the work is finished and the transmission system is restored;
2.2 On-site investigation system;
2.2. 1 For the power line construction operation or construction (maintenance) operation that the working ticket issuer and the working director think it necessary to conduct on-site inspection, the construction and maintenance unit shall organize on-site investigation according to the work tasks and make records.
2.2.2 On-site investigation shall check the power outage range, reserved live parts, conditions, environment and other dangerous points required for on-site construction (maintenance) operation.
According to the results of field investigation, organizational measures, technical measures and safety measures should be prepared for the operation projects with high risk, complexity and difficulty, and implemented after being approved by the competent production leader (chief engineer) of the unit.
2.3 Working ticket system
2.3. 1 Work on power lines shall be carried out in the following ways:
1) Fill in the first working ticket of power line (see Appendix A).
2) Fill in the first power cable working ticket (see Appendix B).
3) Fill in the second power line working ticket (see Appendix C).
4) Fill in the second power cable working ticket (see Appendix D).
5) Fill in the Working Ticket for Live Operation of Power Lines (see Appendix E).
6) Fill in the Emergency Repair Sheet for Power Line Accidents (see Appendix F)
7) Oral or telephone command
2.3.2 The work of filling in the first working ticket is as follows:
1) Operation of multi-circuit power outage lines or partial power outage lines on the same tower.
2) Work on power distribution equipment with total or partial power failure.
The so-called total power failure means that all power supply lines on the distribution equipment have been completely disconnected.
3) Power failure of high-voltage power cable.
2.3.3 Fill in the second working ticket as follows:
1) live line tower works.
2) Operation of power distribution equipment.
3) The high-voltage power cable works without power failure.
2.3.4 Fill in the working ticket for live working:
Live-line operation or operation whose distance from adjacent live-line equipment is less than that specified in Table 5- 1, and low-voltage live-line operation.
2.3.5 Fill in the emergency repair list as follows:
Emergency repair can be carried out without a working ticket, but an emergency repair sheet should be used.
2.3.6 According to oral or telephone instructions, perform the following tasks:
1) Measure the grounding resistance;
2) pruning branches;
3) Ground inspection and defect elimination of tower bottom and foundation;
4) Scribble the tower number, install signs, etc. , and the working place is below the lowest conductor of the tower, and the safe distance specified in Table 5-2 can be maintained;
5) Low-voltage live working and single-power low-voltage branch line power failure on household connection and household device.
2.3.7 Filling and issuing of working ticket
2.3.7. 1 The working ticket shall be filled in duplicate with pen or ballpoint pen, and the handwriting shall be correct and clear. Shall not be altered at will. If there are some mistakes or missing words that need to be revised, standard symbols should be used and the handwriting should be clear.
Computer generated or printed working tickets should use a unified face format. It can only be implemented after it is verified by the working ticket issuer and signed manually or electronically.
One working ticket shall be handed over to the person in charge of the work, and one shall be kept by the issuer or the holder of the work permit. The working ticket should be given to the person in charge in advance.
In the work ticket in 2.3.7.2, the work ticket issuer and the work permit holder shall not concurrently be the person in charge of the work. The person in charge of the work can fill in the working ticket.
2.3.7.3 working ticket issued by the equipment operation management unit, can also be issued by the equipment operation management unit after passing the examination and approval by the maintenance and infrastructure units. The list of working ticket issuers and working directors of maintenance and infrastructure construction units shall be sent to relevant equipment operation management units for filing in advance.
Use of working ticket
2.3.8. 1 The first working ticket can only be used for one or more power supply lines in the same electrical connection part or multiple lines erected in the same (United) tower to stop power transmission at the same time. The second kind of working ticket, for the same voltage level and the same type of work, can use a working ticket on several lines.
During the work, the working ticket should always be kept in the hands of the person in charge of the work.
A person in charge of work in 2.3.8.2 can only issue one work ticket. If the power outage work ticket consists of several groups, each group shall designate the person in charge (guardian) and use the work task list.
The work task list shall specify the work task, power outage range, initial number of poles in the work area and supplementary safety measures. The work task is made in duplicate, signed by the work issuer or the person in charge of the work, one copy is kept and one copy is handed over to the person in charge of the team for execution. After the work, the person in charge of the team should return the work task list and go through the formalities of ending the work with the person in charge of the work.
When the main line in 2.3.8.3 is overhauled (constructed), when other adjacent or intersecting power lines need to cooperate with power failure and grounding, corresponding safety errors should be included in the working ticket. If the supporting power lines belong to other units, the maintenance (construction) unit shall apply in writing in advance, and implement power outage grounding with the consent of the supporting line equipment operation management unit.
2.3.9 Validity and extension of working ticket
The valid time of the first and second working tickets and working tickets for live working shall be limited to the approved maintenance period. The first kind of work permit needs to be extended, and the person in charge of the work should apply to the work permit before the end of the effective time, and handle it after approval.
2.3. Basic information of personnel listed in10 working ticket
2.3. 10. 1 The working ticket issuer shall be the person in charge of production who is familiar with personnel, technical level of equipment, this regulation and relevant experience, or the person approved by the competent production leader of the unit. The list of working ticket issuers shall be published in written form.
2.3. 10.2 the person in charge of the work (guardian) and the holder of the work permit shall be persons with certain work experience, familiarity with this regulation, familiarity with the working ability of the members of the working class, familiarity with the equipment within the working scope, and written approval from the person in charge of production in the work area (institute, company).
2.3. 10.3 The full-time guardian shall be a person with relevant work experience and familiar with the equipment and this procedure.
Safety responsibilities of personnel listed in the working ticket.
2.3. 1 1. 1 working ticket issuer:
1) work necessity and safety;
2) Whether the safety measures filled in the working ticket are correct and complete;
3) Whether the designated person in charge of the work and the working class personnel are appropriate and sufficient.
2.3. 1 1.2 person in charge of work (guardian):
1) Correct and safe organization;
2) Be responsible for checking whether the safety measures listed in the working ticket are correct and complete, and whether the safety measures taken in the work permit are in line with the actual situation on site, and supplement them when necessary;
3) Before work, inform the members of the working class of the dangerous points, explain the safety measures and technical measures, and ensure that every member of the working class knows them;
4) Strictly implement the safety measures listed in the working ticket;
5) Supervise and urge the members of the working class to abide by this regulation, use labor protection articles correctly and implement on-site safety measures;
6) Whether the members of the working class are in good mental state;
7) Whether the changes of working class members are appropriate.
2.3. 1 1.3 work permit:
1) the necessity of review;
2) Stop line, power transmission and work permit orders are correct;
3) Whether the allowed safety measures such as grounding are correct and complete.
2.3. 1 1.4 Special guardian:
1) Define the ward and guardianship scope;
2) Explain the safety measures, dangerous points and safety precautions to the ward before work;
3) Supervise the monitored personnel to abide by this regulation and on-site safety measures, and correct unsafe behaviors in time.
2.3. 1 1.5 members of the working class:
1) Define the work content, work flow, safety measures and dangerous points in the work, and perform the confirmation procedures;
2) Strictly abide by safety rules and regulations, technical regulations and labor discipline, and use safety instruments and labor protection articles correctly;
3) Care about safety work, supervise the implementation of this regulation and the implementation of on-site safety measures.
2.4 Work permit system
2.4. 1 Fill in the first work ticket, and the person in charge of the work shall obtain the permission of all work permits before starting work.
2.4.2 When the line is overhauled due to power failure, the work permit holder shall cut off the power supply and hang up the grounding wire in all links of the line that may be electrified (including substation, power plant, ring network line and branch line) before issuing the work permit order.
2.4.3 The person in charge of the work shall be informed of the clear permission to start the work. The method can adopt:
1) Notice in person;
2) telephone release;
3) Send someone to convey.
When the telephone is issued, the work permit holder and the person in charge of the work should record it clearly and clearly, and check it again and again. The holder of the work permit and the person in charge of the work shall record the permission time on the work ticket and sign it.
2.4.4 If the power outage lines also involve the power outage lines coordinated by other units, the contact person designated by the power outage equipment operation management unit shall inform the person in charge of the work that these lines have been grounded, and the work can only be started after the written permission formalities are fulfilled.
2.4.5 It is forbidden to make an appointment to stop or send electricity.
2.4.6 When filling in the second work ticket, it is not necessary to perform the work permit procedure.
2.5 Work guardianship system
2.5. 1 After going through the work permit formalities, the working director and full-time guardian should explain the work content, division of labor, live parts and on-site safety measures to the members of the working class, inform the dangerous points, and perform the confirmation procedures before the working class can start working. The person in charge of the work and the full-time guardian should always be at the work site, carefully monitor the safety of the work class and correct the unsafe behavior in time.
When the line is out of power, the person in charge of the work can take part in the work of the work class if there is no danger of electric shock to the members of the work class.
2.5.2 For the work with electric shock danger, complicated construction and accident-prone, the working ticket issuer and the person in charge of the working ticket should add full-time guardians and determine the guardians.
Full-time guardians shall not concurrently hold other jobs. When the full-time guardian leaves temporarily, he shall notify the ward to stop working or leave the work site, and can resume work only after the full-time guardian returns.
2.5.3 During the work, when the person in charge of the work temporarily leaves the work site for some reason, a qualified person shall be appointed to temporarily replace him. Before you leave, you should explain the working place clearly and inform the members of the working class. When the original work director returns to the work site, he should also perform the same handover procedure.
If the person in charge of the work must leave the work site for a long time, the original working ticket issuer shall replace the person in charge of the work, perform the change procedures, and notify all the staff and work permit holders.
2.6 Work interruption system
2.6. 1 In case of lightning, rainstorm, strong wind and other situations that threaten the safety of staff, the person in charge of the work or full-time guardian may temporarily stop working according to the situation.
2.6.2 When the work is interrupted during the day, all grounding wires at the work site are kept intact. If the team must leave the work place temporarily, safety measures should be taken and people should be sent to guard it, so as to avoid people and animals from getting close to the dug foundation pit or the tower that has not been erected, as well as the lifting and traction machinery of the load. Before recovery, the integrity of various safety measures such as grounding wire should be checked.
2.6.3 Fill in the first working ticket that is valid within a few days. If the grounding wire installed in the workplace is removed at the end of each day, it should be rechecked before returning to work the next day.
If the dispatcher allows continuous power failure and does not send electricity at night, the grounding wire in the workplace can be removed, but someone should be sent to check before returning to work the next day.
2.7 termination of work and restoration of power transmission system
2.7. 1 After the completion, the person in charge of the work (including the person in charge of the shift) should check the status of the line maintenance section, confirm that there are no personal safety wires, tools and materials left on the auxiliary equipment such as towers, wires and insulator strings, find out that all personnel are evacuated from the towers, and then order the removal of the grounding wire hanging on the working section. After the grounding wire is removed, it should be considered that the line is live, and no one is allowed to wait for the pole to work.
When working in multiple groups, the person in charge of the work should get the work end report of all team leaders.
2.7.2 After the work is finished, the person in charge of the work shall promptly report to the work permit holder in the following ways:
2.7.2. 1 report in person;
2.7.2.2 reported by telephone and repeated it correctly.
If other units cooperate with the power outage line, they shall also promptly notify the operation management unit that cooperates with the power outage equipment to designate a contact person.
2.7.3 The work completion report shall be concise and to the point, including the following contents: the name of the person in charge of the work, the completion of the work in a certain place of a certain line (indicate the starting and ending pole numbers, the branch line names, etc.). ), the modification of equipment, the grounding wire and personal safety wire hanging in the workplace have all been removed, and there are no staff and leftovers on the line, so you can send electricity.
2.7.4 After receiving the completion reports of all work leaders (including users), the work permit holder shall confirm that all work has been completed, all personnel have been evacuated from the line and all grounding wires have been removed. After checking the record book and making records, the work permit holder can order all safety measures on each side to be removed and the power transmission on the line to be resumed.
2.7.5 Completed work tickets, emergency repair orders and work task orders shall be kept for one year.
3 technical measures to ensure safety
3. 1 Technical Measures for Safe Work of Power Lines
1) power failure;
2) check the electricity;
3) Install grounding wire;
4) Use personal safety line;
5) Hang signs and install fences (fences).
3.2 Power failure
3.2. Before the power failure of1line, the following safety measures should be taken:
3.2. 1. 1 Disconnect the circuit breakers (switches) and disconnectors (breakers) of power plants, substations, switching stations, distribution stations (substations) and ring network equipment (including user equipment);
3.2. 1.2 Disconnect the circuit breakers (switches), disconnectors (circuit breakers) and fuses (fuses) at each end (including branches) of the line requiring shift operation;
3.2. 1.3 Circuit breakers (switches), disconnectors (disconnectors) and fuses (fuses) of lines (including subscriber lines) that cross and are erected in parallel on the same pole and cannot take corresponding safety measures;
3.2. 1.4 Disconnect circuit breakers (switches), disconnectors (circuit breakers) and fuses (fuses) that may return to low-voltage power supply.
3.2.2 Each end of the power-off equipment shall have obvious disconnection points (except for the equipment without obvious disconnection points). The operating mechanism (operating mechanism) of circuit breaker (switch) and disconnector (circuit breaker) should be locked; The fuse tube of the drop fuse should be removed.
3.3 Check the power supply
3.3. 1 Before installing the grounding wire in the work area of the power outage line, it must be electrified first to confirm that there is no voltage on the line. The qualified contact electroscope with corresponding voltage level should be used for electricity inspection.
For lines of 330KV and above, qualified insulating rods or special insulating ropes can be used to check the electricity. When checking electricity, the inspection part of insulating rod or rope should be gradually close to the conductor, and whether there is voltage on the line can be judged according to the presence of discharge sound and spark. Wear insulating gloves when checking electricity.
3.3.2 Before electricity inspection, it is advisable to conduct experiments on live equipment to confirm that the electroscope is good; When experiments cannot be carried out on live equipment, a high-voltage generator can be used to confirm whether the electroscope is in good condition.
When checking electricity, the human body should keep a distance from the tested equipment as shown in Table 5- 1, and be supervised by designated personnel. When using telescopic electroscope, the effective length of insulation should be ensured.
3.3.3 For equipment that cannot be directly tested, indirect tests can be conducted, that is, changes in mechanical indication position, electrical indication, instrument and electrical display device of disconnector (circuit breaker) can be checked, but at least two or more indications or signals have changed accordingly; During remote control operation, the status indication, telemetry, telecommunication signal and indication of live display device of disconnector (circuit breaker) should be checked at the same time, and electricity should be checked indirectly.
3.3.4 When checking the multi-layer power lines erected on the same pole, first low voltage, then high voltage, first lower layer, then upper layer, first near side and then far side. It is forbidden for workers to cross inexperienced and grounded lines below 10KV to check the upper power consumption.
Line inspection should be carried out item by item. When repairing circuit breaker (switch), disconnector (circuit breaker) or their combination, check the electricity on both sides.
3.4 Installation of grounding wire
3.4. When the1line is verified but there is no voltage, the grounding wire shall be installed immediately and three-phase short-circuited. Both ends of the working area of each shift and the branch lines (including users) that may send power to the power outage line shall be inspected and grounded. Hanging the grounding wire must be carried out under the supervision of someone.
In case of power failure, only one grounding wire can be installed near the work place.
3.4.2 It is forbidden for the staff to change the position of grounding wire specified in the working ticket without authorization. If it is necessary to change, the person in charge of the work shall obtain the consent of the working ticket issuer.
3.4.3 When multi-layer power lines erected on the same pole are hung with grounding wires, low voltage should be hung first, then high voltage, then lower layer, then upper layer, then near side and then far side. The order of demolition is just the opposite.
3.4.4 A complete grounding wire should be composed of multiple strands of transparent sheathed soft copper wire, and its cross section should not be less than 25mm? ; At the same time, it should meet the requirements of short-circuit current at the installation site.
It is forbidden to use other wires as grounding wires or short routes.
The grounding wire shall be fixed on the conductor with a special wire clamp, and it is forbidden to ground or short circuit by winding.
3.4.5 The grounding wire shall be connected to the grounding end first and then to the conductor end. The grounding wire should be in good contact and connected reliably. Remove the ground wire in the reverse order. Insulating rods or special insulating ropes should be used for assembling and disassembling grounding wires. The human body must not touch the grounding wire or the ungrounded wire.
3.4.6 When the tower is grounded or grounded by a cross arm directly connected to the tower grounding device, each phase is allowed to be grounded separately, but the tower grounding resistance and grounding channel should be good. The connection part between tower and grounding wire should be free of paint and in good contact.
3.4.7 For towers without grounding downlead, temporary grounding body can be used. The cross-sectional area of grounding body should not be less than 190mm? ; (for example? 16 round steel). The depth of grounding body underground should not be less than 0.6m. For areas with high soil resistivity, such as rocks, gravel, sand, etc. Measures such as increasing the number, length, area or buried depth of grounding bodies should be taken to improve grounding resistance.
3.4.8 When grounding wires are installed on the power outage lines of multi-circuit lines erected on the same pole, measures should be taken to prevent the grounding wires from swinging, and the safety distance specified in Table 5- 1 should be met.
When disconnecting the lead wire of the tension tower, the grounding wire should be installed on both sides of the disconnected lead wire.
3.4.9 Before grounding, cables and capacitors should be fully discharged item by item. The neutral point of the star connection capacitor should be grounded. The capacitors connected in series and the capacitors separated from the whole group of capacitors should be discharged one by one, and the capacitor shell installed on the insulating bracket should also be discharged.
3.5 Use personal safety line
3.5. 1 If there are adjacent lines, parallel lines, crossing lines and lines erected on the same pole in the work area, in order to prevent the induced voltage on the lines from hurting people during power outage maintenance, personal safety lines should be used when working in contact with or close to wires.
3.5.2 Before touching or approaching the wires on the tower, hang up the personal safety rope and take it off after the operation. When installing, the grounding terminal should be connected first, then the conductor terminal, with good contact and reliable connection. The order of removing the personal safety line is the opposite.
3.5.3 The personal safety line shall be multi-strand transparent sheathed soft copper wire with a cross-sectional area of not less than 16mm? ; , and should be equipped with insulating handle or insulating parts. It is forbidden to use personal safety line instead of grounding line.
3.5.4 Under the condition of good grounding channel, it is allowed to connect the grounding terminal of personal safety line to the tower or crossbar.
3.6 Hanging signs and installing fences (fences)
3.6. 1 once the circuit breaker (switch) and disconnector (circuit breaker) are closed, power can be sent to the operating place of the working place, and it is written "No closing, the line is operated!" Or shut it down, someone is working! Signboard.
3.6.2 In case of partial power failure of ground distribution equipment, temporary fences shall be added for uninterrupted equipment whose working hours are less than the safety distance of equipment in Table 3- 1. The distance between the temporary fence and the lighting part shall not be less than that specified in Table 3-2. Temporary fences should be installed firmly and hung with "Stop, high voltage danger!" Signboard. For the temporary fence of 35KV and below equipment, if it is necessary for special work, an insulating partition can be used to directly contact with the live part. The insulation performance of the insulation partition shall meet the requirements of Appendix J..
3.6.3 During construction in urban areas or densely populated areas, barriers (fences) should be set around the workplace.
3.6.4 During the withstand voltage test of high-voltage distribution equipment, fences should be set around and numbered appropriately "Stop, high voltage danger!" It should be hung on the fence. Signboard. It is forbidden for staff to move or remove fences and signs at work.