(a quotation, a situation description close to life, etc.) or graphic materials (physical pictures, maps, cartoons, tables, etc.). Choose the most appropriate one of the four options. The common types of multiple-choice questions are as follows
.
1. Expressive multiple-choice questions
Expressive multiple-choice questions include positive multiple-choice questions and negative multiple-choice questions. Prompts such as "sign is", "content is", "nature is", "feature is", "performance is" and "reflection" are commonly used in the stem of affirmative multiple choice questions. Negative
multiple-choice questions require the selection of options that do not conform to the historical facts and historical logic, and are characterized by negative prompts or restrictive words, such as "wrong", "incorrect", "no", "not including", "not belonging to" and so on. Expressive multiple-choice questions mainly examine students' ability to remember the basic knowledge of history and to recognize and reproduce historical facts.
Typical examples
1. (215 Taian, Shandong) The following statement about hundred schools of thought in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period is wrong ()
A. Mozi-"Love for All" and "Non-attack"
B. Han Fei-"Unjust War in the Spring and Autumn Period"
C. Zhuangzi- Judging from the four options, only item B is mismatched. Han Fei advocates reform and the rule of law, while "the spring and autumn war is meaningless" is Mencius' remark.
answer b
2. (Fuzhou, Fujian, 215) The French Revolution is considered to be a real political revolution. The symbol of this revolution is ()
A. Capturing the Bastille
B. Executing Louis XVI
C. Napoleon launching a coup
D. Promulgating the Code
Analyzing that the capture of the Bastille by the people of Paris opened the prelude to the French Revolution, which was the symbol of the French Revolution.
answer A
problem-solving skills
expressive multiple-choice questions are generally not difficult, mainly to examine students' mastery of basic knowledge. The usual problem-solving methods are: ① direct election method, which directly determines the options that conform to the logical relationship between historical facts and history according to one's own knowledge and understanding of historical facts. (2) Exclusion method, by excluding the options that do not conform to the historical facts and historical logic, the options that meet the meaning of the question are selected. ③ Reasoning method, if you can't determine an option, you can first assume that this option is correct, but then make reasoning according to the knowledge you have learned, and analyze whether its conclusion conforms to the historical facts and historical logic.
draw inferences from others
1. "internet plus" refers to "various traditional industries in internet plus", that is, the Internet has infiltrated, integrated and subverted traditional industries, which has promoted the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and spawned emerging industries. Internet plus can best reflect the characteristics of current scientific and technological development: ()
A. Science and technology are continuously transformed into productive forces
B. Scientific achievements are constantly emerging
C. New technologies are beginning to change people's lives
D. The development of a technology has caused revolutions in many fields
p>2.215, which was released by the Central Committee of China and the State Council. After the founding of New China, the relations of production in rural areas were reformed and adjusted. The following statement about the adjustment of relations of production is correct: ()
A Land reform abolished feudal land ownership, implemented collective land ownership
B Agricultural cooperation led farmers to join cooperatives, took the socialist road
C People's commune realized ownership by the whole people, It has promoted the rapid development of rural economy.
D Farmers have land ownership, and their enthusiasm for production has been greatly improved.
Answer 1.D 2.B
2. Causal multiple-choice questions
Causal multiple-choice questions are multiple-choice questions that examine the causes and results of historical events and historical phenomena. The basic structure of this kind of questions has two forms: one is that the stem lists a historical result, and the alternative lists the reasons. The iconic words that often appear in the stem of the questions are "the reason is", "the purpose is" and "the purpose is to", etc., while the reasons are examined in detail, such as the root cause, the direct cause and the main cause. The other is that the topic
lists the historical reasons, and the alternative lists the historical results. The iconic words that often appear in the topic are "influence" and "result".
Typical examples
1. (Dezhou, Shandong Province, 215) In the Han Dynasty, "(Jiangnan) did not worry about freezing and hunger, but also died (without) a daughter's home". In the Song Dynasty, there was a proverb that "Suzhou and Lake are ripe, and the world is enough". The main reason for this change is ()
A. The migration of northern people to the south brings advanced technology and labor force
B. The Grand Canal runs through the north and the south
C. Long-term exchanges between ethnic groups
D. Relatively stable social environment
The contrast between the two materials in the analysis reflects the rapid economic development in the south of the Yangtze River, and China's economic center of gravity has gradually moved south. Among the many factors that promote the economic development in the south of the Yangtze River, the "main reason" is that the northern people moved south, bringing advanced technology and labor.
Answer a
2. (Nanjing, Jiangsu, 215) A historian believes that the American War of Independence was not a democratic movement originally, but it turned out to be a democratic movement. The "result" here mainly refers to ()
A. Establishing the bourgeois regime
B. Overthrowing the feudal monarchy
C. Abolishing the black slavery system
D. Embarking on the path of militarism
Analyzing that the American War of Independence overthrew the British colonial rule, won national liberation and national independence, embarked on the capitalist road and established more democratic assets.
Answer A
Problem-solving skills
When solving causal multiple-choice questions, we should pay attention to the following: First, we should correctly understand the meaning of relevant concepts and distinguish objective reasons, main reasons, direct reasons and root causes. Second, we should pay attention to the internal relations between historical events, and
comprehensively analyze and grasp various factors affecting historical development. Third, when doing the problem, we should accurately grasp the logical relationship between the stem and the alternative, and find out who is the cause and who is the result between them. The basic methods to solve such problems are as follows: ① adopt the method of
taking time sequence to judge the causal relationship. (2) Use the reasoning of basic theories to get the answer, such as productivity determines production relations, economic base determines superstructure, etc.
draw inferences from others
1.215 is the 6th anniversary of Bandung Conference. At the Bandung Conference, representatives of various countries scrambled to ask Zhou Enlai to sign (Figure 1). The reason for this situation is that ()
A. China has a strong national strength
B. The participating countries are in favor of socialism
C. Zhou Enlai's policy of "seeking common ground while reserving differences" has been widely endorsed
D. China has resumed its legal seat in the United Nations
2. Historical inference cannot be separated from a correct interpretation of historical facts. The following historical facts are inconsistent with the inference ()
A. The opening of new air routes-starting to connect the world into a whole
B. The preservation or abolition of slavery-intensifying the contradiction between the North and the South of the United States, Lead to the outbreak of civil war
C. Russian October Revolution-the first socialist country in the world history was established
D. Soviet Russia's new economic policy-promoted the formation of a highly centralized economic and political system
Answer 1.C 2.D
3. Comparative multiple-choice questions
Comparative multiple-choice questions put together comparable historical events or reflections of the same historical phenomenon at different historical stages. Generally, there are iconic words such as
similarities, differences, ** * similarities and similarity in the stem of a topic, and some iconic words are preceded by words that reflect the degree, such as
the biggest difference, the most fundamental difference and the essential similarity.
Typical examples
1. (Weifang, Shandong, 215) Russia's reform in 1861 and Japan's Meiji Restoration were both reforms under the impact of industrial civilization. The similarities between them are ()
A. Overthrowing the old regime
B. Strengthening centralization
C. Abolishing serfdom
D. Changing the social nature
Analyzing the similarities between Russia's reform in 1861 and Japan's Meiji Restoration, they are all bourgeois reforms from top to bottom; They all embarked on the capitalist road; Have retained a large number of feudal remnants.
Answer D
2. (Ningbo, Zhejiang, 215) In the 17th and 18th centuries, Britain, the United States and France successively carried out bourgeois revolutions. Compared with Britain and France, the uniqueness of American bourgeois revolution lies in ()
A. Overthrowing feudal autocratic rule
B. Getting rid of colonial rule and gaining national independence
C. Establishing capitalist democratic system
D. Promulgating important documents with legal nature
Analyzing this topic and examining the differences between British, French and American bourgeois revolutions. The bourgeois revolution in Britain and France overthrew feudal autocratic rule, and Britain and France embarked on the capitalist road; The United States overthrew British colonial rule, gained national independence and entered capitalist society. In the bourgeois revolution, Britain promulgated the Bill of Rights to establish bourgeois rule with constitutional monarchy. France promulgated the "Declaration of Human Rights" and established a democratic and constitutional system;
the p>1787 constitution of the United States established a democracy with separation of powers. Compare the options and choose B.
Answer B
Problem-solving skills
Comparative multiple-choice questions should analyze and summarize all the events in combination with the knowledge they have learned, find out their * * * and personality, find differences in similarities and seek common ground in differences. This kind of multiple-choice questions has certain difficulty, focusing on the ability test. When solving < P >, we should first be familiar with historical events and historical phenomena, then compare, analyze and summarize historical facts, and finally get the answer according to the corresponding options. The most commonly used method to solve comparative multiple-choice questions is exclusion. Sometimes the content of comparison
is more complicated, so you can use the option correspondence method and use options to correspond to historical events.
draw inferences from others
1.C 2.B Qin Shihuang and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty were both emperors with great talents in the history of our country, and the measures they adopted were ()
A. "Dismiss a hundred schools of thought and respect Confucianism alone"
B. Set up Imperial College in Chang 'an
C. Resist the Huns and consolidate the frontier defense.