My younger brother has always called himself "a novice road bike for thousands of years" (it seems disgraceful). I have always wanted to post this theme, but because one thing is lazy and has a wide range, it is difficult to cover everything, so I have always put it aside.
However, in view of the recurring problems or some basic terms in the edition, novices are afraid to ask, so I plan to sort out a lazy bag and share it with you.
If there are errors or omissions in the content, or if the concept needs to be discussed and adjusted, you are also welcome to discuss it. If you have anything to add, I'll add it.
First of all, the most important concept is that in the world of road cars, many people need to "weigh", that is to say, many times, whether there is a good one, you must make a choice according to your own situation, and no one can tell you the answer. Keyword balance always appears in my brother's words.
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Q: Who needs a bus?
A: Welcome to the world of road bikes, riders who want to fully enjoy the sense of bicycle speed on paved roads.
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Q: What is the wheel diameter of a road car?
Answer: The average wheel diameter of highway is 700c, which is slightly larger than the 26-inch wheel diameter of mountain bike. In addition, some road vehicles use a wheel diameter of 650c C c.
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Q: Why do road cars run fast on paved roads?
A: There are three main reasons in turn:
First, the riding posture reduces the wind resistance: the road bike with curved handle can effectively reduce the wind resistance. At high speed, wind resistance will be the biggest resistance to prevent cyclists from moving forward.
Second, the tire pressure is high (above 100PSI), thin and flat, reducing rolling resistance.
Third, road vehicles with hard front forks and light weight are conducive to acceleration and climbing.
But even if it is a mountain bike and a road bike with the same weight, the road bike is still faster, because one and two factors account for a large proportion.
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Q: Should I choose a flat or curved road bike?
A: Generally speaking, the flat-handlebar road bike is a leisure riding tendency, which not only retains the advantages of the 700c low rolling coefficient tire, but also has better handling than the curved-handlebar bicycle. In riding posture, it is also more leisurely than bending a car. Usually the market is equipped with three sets, which is more conducive to climbing.
However, it sacrifices the riding posture of reducing wind resistance, which is one of the advantages of road vehicles in pursuing maximum speed. This is a trade-off.
Mr. King Liu, the old director of Giant, rode his own 30-speed light carbon fiber flat handle road bike when he was around the island.
Curved road vehicles are the mainstream of the road vehicle market. Its advantage is to achieve the best compromise in speed and handling. Experienced knights can also use a variety of grips.
However, road bikes with curved handles are not the fastest bicycles. A chronograph car equipped with a chronograph handle (extended handle) can create a personal best. The single-speed rail car has only one gear, and if it is matched with the perfect wheel car, the speed is unparalleled.
These types of cars are desperately trying to reduce wind resistance, which is conducive to the pursuit of speed. However, if there is one good thing, there are no two good things. What is sacrifice? If you do it right, it's manipulation.
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Q: What's the difference in frame design?
A: A little angle difference of the frame is enough to affect the feeling of riding. For example, a shorter rear fork gives you better transmission efficiency, but a longer rear fork can give you a more comfortable riding experience. Generally, the angle of the rear upper fork in the frame of competitive riding is small, while the angle of the rear upper fork in the frame of leisure riding is large and there is a long rear lower fork.
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Q: What is the shifting mode of road vehicles?
Answer: In the early or present retro road cars, the shift handle was placed above the lower tube. When a cyclist wants to shift gears, he must bend down to pull the shift handle and complete the shift by manipulating the tightness of the shift line. Later, some of these pull gears were moved to the handlebar near the faucet. It also appears at the end of the hand crank, or the end of the hand crank is designed to rotate and change speed.
However, the mainstream transmission system of modern road vehicles is completed through the combination of evil and positive. Its advantage lies in the integration of braking and gear shifting, and it will not sacrifice the braking function of speed control because of gear shifting control. However, the design of each brake lever is slightly different. For details, please refer to my other article about the level of braking system of highway vehicles.
The mainstream manufacturers of transmission systems are Shimano in Japan, Campagnolo in Italy (hereinafter referred to as Campy), SRAM in the United States and Microrotation in Taiwan Province Province.
As for the conversion technology, Shimano is called STI (Complete Works of Shimano), Campagnolo is called Ergopower, and SRAM is called Double Tap.
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Q: What is a bag?
A: A kit refers to a complete set of bicycle parts, which usually includes a brake handle, a front transmission, a rear transmission, a large toothed disc, a flywheel, a chain, a brake clip and even a wheel set. For details, please refer to my other article "Introduction to Brake System Grades of Road Vehicles".
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Q: Why do some road buses seem to have cockroach whiskers and others don't?
Answer: If it is an old car, there must be cockroaches in the brake line extending from the brake handle. If it is a new road bike, it has something to do with the design of the handlebar.
Shimano's earlier STI system and micro-rotating brake handle, its speed change line is seen from the side of the brake handle, so cockroaches can be seen. SRAM and Campy speed change cables can be hidden in the handle, so that the cockroach whiskers can't be seen. However, Shimano's new ULTEGRA 6700 and DURA ACE 7900 have been changed to the inside design.
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Q: What speed bus do I need?
Answer: benefactor, this question is about your wallet. Simply put, the higher the speed, the more expensive the price.
Generally, we call it several speeds, which refers to the number of flywheels that changed later. Usually, the number of speeds that change later is limited, that is, the handle that changes later. At present, the mainstream system of highway vehicles is 10 speed, and it has begun to evolve to 1 1 speed. Neither Campy nor SRAM has a system with a speed lower than 10, which leads to economic transformation, and almost all of them are under the control of Shimano and Microturn. According to Shimano series with the largest market share, 2 series 2200 and 2300 are 8-speed, 3 series black-faced frog is 9-speed, and 4 series Tiger is also 9-speed. My personal suggestion is that the black-faced frog is enough for economical riders, but the advantage of using Tegla is that its speed change mode is consistent with the high-end 105, Ultegra and Dura Ace, which can be regarded as early adaptation.
Shimano calls the 10-speed 105 system "professional entry level", which is about 40K above the current price of finished cars. However, this is a rough idea. The pricing strategy of each brand is different.
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Q: Who are the agents in Taiwan Province Province?
A: Shimano is represented by Sanshida Enterprise, while Campagnolo is represented by Taiwan Province Branch of Hong Kong Mercantile Exchange. There are many SRAM agents in Taiwan Province Province, and Shengyang is one of them.
You may want to visit the websites of various dealers for information about parts. Among them, the website of the third star has listed the suggested price of packages at all levels. In 2009 105, the full set price was about 3 1-32K.
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What is appropriate?
Answer: Fit refers to finding out the length of each part of your body according to some tools, and calculating the size suitable for your body according to some formulas as an important reference for box selection. Please search and enter "fitting" on 0 1 website, there will be many reference materials.
It is generally believed that road vehicles have strict requirements on the frame size, and the frame size is wrong. If it is light, it will affect the riding efficiency, and if it is heavy, it will easily lead to sports injuries.
The height of the cushion is determined by the leg length, and the front and back of the cushion depends on the position of the knee when stepping on it, so the height difference from the handle can be almost limited, and the distance from the handle can only be fine-tuned by the length of the faucet. Therefore, we should pay attention to choosing the appropriate frame size.
(Note: The seat tube that is pulled too high, the faucet that is too long, and the front fork like a giraffe are all practices that cut the foot and fit the shoes, indicating that the size of the frame is not right at all. )
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Q: Should I buy a car or a car?
A: Generally speaking, novices suggest buying a car. Due to a large number of orders from automobile assembly plants, parts have a price advantage. Brother mentioned above that the suggested price of 2009 105 is about 3 1-32k, excluding the wages of wheelsets, frames, inner and outer tires and shop lines. So, how much money do you think the caravan should prepare? Therefore, it is suggested that experienced riders with enough money, or riders who really know the parts completely, consider reassembling a car.
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Q: What material frame should I choose?
A: In fact, no matter what materials are used, the required strength and setting function can be achieved through design. However, materials commonly used for bicycles have the following characteristics:
Alloy steel: comfortable riding and shock absorption, but heavy weight and unclear power transmission.
Alloy aluminum: light and hard, with clear power transmission, but long-distance riding with direct road feedback is not friendly to novices.
Composite frame (aluminum connected with carbon fiber): combines the light weight and low price of aluminum with the shock absorption of carbon fiber.
Carbon fiber: ultra-light, changeable appearance, modern design, and different tonality can be designed according to different needs.
No matter what kind of material, according to the pipe, design, brand, the price is very different.
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Q: I want a car that I can ride all my life?
A: From the frame point of view, from the practical point of view, the steel tube frame is properly maintained and can be ridden for a long time. However, with the progress of the times, new parts and better cars are constantly introduced, and the design and tonality of the frame are different. It is difficult to guarantee that you will not change your mind to try other kinds of road cars in the future.
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Q: What is Lug?
Answer: Lifting lug refers to the early or present retro steel pipe frame, which is used to connect the sleeve part of the pipeline. Sometimes, various manufacturers will do some articles on Lug to highlight the characteristics of their own car factories. Steel tube car Lager's notes written by this cyclist, Bird Jiao Lian, are well introduced. There are also riders who are particularly fascinated by the aesthetics of lifting ears in classical steel tube car.
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Q: What is the cycling queen in Italy?
A: The name "one king and four queens" may come from Taiwan Province Province or Japan in the steel pipe era, but the Italian automobile era itself did not have this name. Wang refers to Colnago, followed by Bianchi, De Rosa, Cinelli. In fact, every car factory has its own characteristics and historical background, so don't pay too much attention to this term. However, the famous brands on the list are not cheap.
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Q: The manufacture of carbon fiber frame?
Answer: carbon fiber frames are generally divided into one-piece molding and nozzle type. Either way, it is wrapped in carbon fiber cloth layer by layer, fixed with resin and baked. Jiang Da sent a question about the carbon fiber frame before? There is a good discussion.
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Q: What are the precautions for carbon fiber parts?
A: Carbon fiber parts are generally light and strong, but they are afraid of being strongly hit by a single point on their non-bearing surface. No deformation, direct fracture. In addition, when fixing carbon fiber parts, be sure to use a torque wrench and lock it to its recommended value. Forcibly locking carbon fiber parts will lead to breakage, which will seriously hurt your wallet.
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Q: What is a compressed frame?
Answer: In the early days, the upper tube of the road car frame was designed horizontally. However, in recent years, the compression frame has become popular, and the obvious feature is that the upper pipe is designed to be inclined. Giant compressed frame technology is called Compact Road, which claims that it can reduce the overall size of the front triangle and the back triangle, while maintaining light weight, increasing lateral stiffness and reducing unnecessary energy loss. For manufacturers, another obvious advantage is that compressing the frame can usually reduce the number of sizes prepared for the frame and greatly reduce the cost. As far as the dimensions of the above pipes are concerned, the horizontal frame is almost 1 cm and 1 size, and the compressed frame is almost 1.5-2 cm and 1 size, and all series of frames can be made in 5-6 sizes. (XS, small, medium, medium, large, large)
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Q: What is an ISP frame?
Answer: ISP is the abbreviation of integrated seat post, which refers to the framework of integrated seat tube. This kind of frame is made of carbon fiber, which appears in high-end frames. The seat tube must be cut according to the height and leg length of the knight. Then you can imagine that the seat cushion covers the seat tube, subverting the traditional concept that the frame needs to sit on the pole to lock the seat tube. It is said that its advantage is to increase the strength of the frame and reduce the sliding and cracking problems of the carbon seat tube. The integrated seat tube design makes the rear triangle stronger, thus enhancing the transmission of power. It is also superior to the traditional seat tube clamping method in weight, but it is not helpful in lightweight.
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Q: Should we choose 3 sets for large markets, CT sets or standard sets?
A: This is also an obvious question to weigh, depending on the nature of individual riding. The combination of gear ratio of the three discs is the most dense, but it is relatively inferior in speed change efficiency and agility, and its weight will be slightly worse. CT disk refers to 50/36 or 50/34 compact type. Its advantage is that the small disk is smaller than the standard disk, which is conducive to climbing. However, the speed change efficiency is slightly worse than that of the standard disk, and the cotton density of the gear with large tooth difference is also poor. The standard disk generally refers to 53/39 or 52/39, or even 52/42 in the previous period. The advantages are high speed change efficiency and dense gears, but the leg strength should be sufficient when climbing.
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Q: How to choose a flywheel?
Answer: Flywheels of the same grade usually have different tooth difference options. Less tooth difference means dense gears and large tooth difference, which means that there are lighter climbing gears to use, but at the expense of cotton density, some speeds will be too heavy to go up the first gear and too light to go down the next gear when driving on flat roads. Therefore, this is also a trade-off. Some players will choose the right flywheel according to different stages. The weight of the knight should also be taken into account. For heavyweight knights, it is recommended to use a flywheel with large tooth difference.
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Q: What can I change to ride faster?
A: The transmission system, of course. However, unlike mountain bikes, there is little difference in the grades of vehicle parts, including a large market. What affects riding efficiency, assuming that the frame is not changed, of course, is to pick the tires first, then the wheelset or the big market. Tires are consumables, and I encourage you to try many methods. However, please think about it before changing to other parts, perhaps your own ability is the most needed improvement.
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Q: What is a wheelset?
A: Wheelset refers to a set of front and rear wheels. Generally, it includes an outer frame, strips and flower drums. The outer frame can be carbon fiber or aluminum alloy, while the web has many different shapes and designs, such as ordinary round steel wire or flat steel wire, which can reduce wind resistance. Hub is the key to smooth rotation, and its bearing may be ball bearing or Palin (sealed bearing). Some high-grade flower drums are ball-shaped and must be maintained and oiled regularly. But when the rolling is not smooth, replace the Berlin bearing directly with a special tool. Different wheelsets may adopt different knitting methods. The most common knitting methods are straight drawing (the front wheel is the most common) and triple crossing. In order to be beautiful and reduce the weight of wheelsets, the number of wheels is often small. Heavyweight knight, it is recommended to look for a wheel set with a solid wheel frame, multiple stripes and three cross-weaves.
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Q: What are factory wheels and hand-woven wheels?
A: As the name implies, the factory wheel is the factory wheel set, and there are also wheel weaving technicians in the factory, even with signatures. However, some factory wheels have no parts to flow out, so it is not easy to obtain wheel frames, strips and flower drums of factory wheels to weave wheels. Even if it can be done, it is expensive and uneconomical.
Hand-woven wheel refers to the wheel set where the owner or rider decides the outer frame, strip, flower drum and weaving method by himself. Its advantage is that people can decide the tonality of each part that suits them.
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Q: What is a blind cat? What is a running score of 0?
A: Although it has been shared many times on 0 1, it is still recommended to share it with novice riders. Blind cat refers to Xia Mafeng, a first-class aluminum alloy wheelset in Campagnolo, which is named after it sounds like a blind cat. Please see Gomez's website. Running 0 points refers to Racing 0, the first-class wheelset manufactured by fulcrum company, and also the agent of Gomez. Besides Racing 0, there are Racing 1, Racing 3, Racing 5 and Racing 7. The lower the number, the higher the level.
Q: What is the choice of tires?
A: It is strongly recommended to read this bicycle tire shared by the fat cat first. Generally divided into open tires and inner tubes. The price of the first-class tire is about 2 K.
Usually, my younger brother will consider the tire from the aspects of weight, stab resistance and comfort. My younger brother has used two tires, and everyone recommended a good tire opening on 0 1, namely Kenda K925( 190g) and Se***s SECA RS(2 15g). They all have the specifications of folding, stab-proof, 120TPI braided layer, and the price is not expensive.
The tyre size of 20c, 23c and 25c is also different, which refers to the width of the tire.
Q: Do you want to use the pedal?
A: This is another question of weighing. Simply put, pedaling is a device that binds you to your bike, which can effectively improve pedaling efficiency. But also can increase the safety when pulling and pedaling at high speed. However, the ensuing risk is that you accidentally forget the car accident when you drop the cards. In addition, it is difficult to walk with stuck shoes on the road car. Being stuck almost means riding a bike. Everyone's reaction speed, pursuit of efficiency and risk tolerance are different, so it's up to you whether you need to get a card or not. No one can tell you the answer. This article shared by Sukhumi, Shoes and Treads: Sharing of Equipment Experience, is very detailed and of great reference value.
Q: Why do some people say that the brakes of road cars are used to slow down?
A: First of all, please make sure that your brakes are normal. Since my brother started climbing mountains, he has become a fan of Kuer's brake shoes. "It will hold me back. Don't skimp on your investment in brake shoes. In principle, the brakes of road vehicles should be used not only to slow down, but also to stop. But when you hold the brake lever, the braking torque is very small, so you will feel that the brake is not strong enough. Therefore, when you go downhill at a high speed, please hold the joystick to give you more braking torque.
In addition, I suggest you practice more and make good use of your previous evil spirits. Because the road tires are narrow, it is easy to cause tire skidding when the rear brakes are urgent. And people often worry that the front wheels will roll forward. My brother's experience is that road cars are unlikely to happen (or will happen! ), and brake the front wheel, be sure to pay attention to the displacement of the center of gravity, that is, * * * leaves the seat cushion and the center of gravity moves backward.
Note: jacky, a cyclist on the 37th floor, reminds that if the center of gravity presses on the handlebar when holding the handlebar, it will easily lead to insufficient steering and poor steering control. Please pay attention to the riding posture. No matter whether you are holding the handlebar or holding the handlebar when going downhill, you should strike a balance between car control and braking force, and pay attention to slowing down.
Q: How to choose the bent handle and set the handle?
A: The setting of the bent handle is actually related to personal flexibility and riding habits. Simply put, it is to achieve the goal of "comfortable upper position and smooth lower position". How to install this bent handle and variable handle published by cyclist Sukhumi? It is of great reference value.
Q: What is the introduction of the road race?
A: There are many road races of different grades, some of which are one or two days of road races of different ages and grades, such as the East China Race, which has been held for many years, and some of which are large-scale races for several days, such as the annual round-the-world race. General events are divided into:
1. Road race: As the name implies, it is a race on the road. Sometimes the journey is accompanied by the ups and downs of the mountain road.
2. Ring race: a race that runs dozens of laps on a fixed ring road. Usually in the city, the most exciting thing for the audience is to see players whizzing past you every few minutes, which arouses your blood.
3. Time trial: divided into individual and team events, using special timing handles. If you are an individual, start one by one. If you are a group, start with a group. The mileage is usually short. The purpose is to create the best results of individuals or groups on the expressway.
Q: Why do some runners have different colors in road races?
A: Generally speaking, the yellow shirt represents the champion of points, the green shirt represents the sprint king who wins the most sprint points, and the red polka-dot shirt with white background is the mountaineering king who wins the most mountaineering points.
Q: Why do people always mention the Tour de France when talking about road cars?
A: The Tour de France can be said to be the annual road cycling race, and it can also be said to be the most exposed road cycling race. About 20 professional teams will be invited to participate in the competition every year. 0 1 Cheyou Fat Cat provides a series of good reference materials for the Tour de France.
What are the Tour de France contending for-What are the Yellow Shirts and the Tour de France contending for-What are the Green Shirts and the Tour de France contending for-Red Shirts.
Q: What is the commander? Captain?
A: Road race is usually played as a team, but only one person can cross the finish line first. Moreover, in large-scale multi-day races, in order to win the championship, the team sometimes concentrates its resources on the most powerful driver, that is, the main commander. Lieutenant generals often play the role of attacking, conserving physical strength and blocking positions. Sometimes, in order to support the main commander, he even sacrificed his kettle and wheel set (usually there are spare ones) to let the main commander sprint to win the championship at the last minute.
Q: What is a rabbit? What are the main groups?
A: In road races, sometimes the assistant commander will form a small group of several people to escape in order to confuse the opponent's rhythm or for some strategic considerations, such as eating some points. This is called a rabbit. Most other drivers belong to the following main groups. In order to run ahead, the rabbit group must pay more physical costs, including sacrificing the physical strength needed for the following projects. However, it is often possible to compete in this station and attract more attention. With luck, the rabbit can still laugh all the way to the end. However, usually this cool thing doesn't always happen. Many road race leaders will radio drivers to make strategic actions. When the race approaches a few kilometers before the finish line, the main group will start to "catch up". Several times, even one or two hundred meters before the finish line, rabbits were heroically drowned by the main group!
Sometimes riders joked that they rushed fast or started first, but the riders who were drowned by the main group of riders behind them were rabbits.
Q: What are the precautions for riding?
A: The following points remind all road novices:
1. Always pay attention to reducing abdomen and arching back.
2. Thumb refers to the ball, legs are parallel, and high-speed light riding.
Keep your eyes on the front and don't be lazy to look at the ground.
4. When reducing the abdomen, the weight of the upper body will not be fully supported on the hands.
Because of the high speed, we should be vigilant, always pay attention to the road conditions and obey the traffic rules.
Q: What does a road car smell like?
This is copied from Bicycle Club magazine. The smell of a road car is a wheel car. If the knights are equal in physical strength and take turns riding on the roof, you will find that you can always ride at an unsustainable high speed.
Finally, I wish all novice road riders a safe journey, home and prosperity!