The first atomic bomb exploded successfully. Under the unified leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and through the joint efforts of a large number of scientific and technological personnel, cadres and employees, the first atomic bomb manufactured by China was launched in 1964. The explosion was successful in Lop Nur, Xinjiang on October 16, 2016. In 1955, the central government designated Chen Yun, Nie Rongzhen, and Bo Yibo to be responsible for preparing for the establishment of the nuclear industry.

After the Soviet Union withdrew its experts in 1959, China was determined to complete this task on its own. In 1962, a special leadership agency headed by Zhou Enlai was established. The successful explosion of the atomic bomb represented a new level of China's science and technology, effectively broke the nuclear monopoly and blackmail of the superpowers, and improved China's international status. Background of the construction of the atomic energy industry

In 1956, the country formulated the first long-term plan for the development of science and technology, listing the peaceful use of atomic energy as the first of 12 key tasks of critical significance. Two larger projects were deployed: the atomic bomb and missiles.

In November 1962, the Central Committee established the 15-member Central Special Committee with Zhou Enlai as its director to strengthen leadership over the construction of the atomic energy industry and the acceleration of nuclear weapons development and testing as well as nuclear science and technology. Under the unified leadership of the central government, the country "played a game of chess" and concentrated on tackling key problems, achieving a historic breakthrough.