Vincent Van Gogh,1853 March 30th-1890 July 29th.

Also translated as Vincent Van Gogh.

Dutch, a representative figure of post-impressionism.

Van Gogh abandoned all the acquired knowledge, ignored the dogma cherished by the academic school, and even forgot his own reason. In his eyes, there is only a vibrant natural landscape, and he is intoxicated with it and forgets things. He regards everything in the world as an inseparable whole, and he embraces everything with all his body and mind.

Van Gogh became a highly personalized painter very late, only eight years before his death.

Van Gogh had little formal training in painting. He worked hard day after day and got canvases, oil paints and painting tools. He was constantly in a state of spiritual contradiction and he was under pressure to pursue artistic perfection. These, if not the direct cause of his later illness, also planted seeds for his life tragedy.

Van Gogh is interested in the representation of real feelings, that is, he wants to show his feelings about things, not the visual image he sees.

Van Gogh classified his works into another category different from impressionist painters. He said, "In order to express myself more forcefully, I use colors more freely." In fact, not only the color, but also the perspective, shape and proportion have changed to show an extremely painful but very real relationship with the world. This distinctive feature later became the basis of the independent existence of Impressionism, which was different from other painting schools.

Van Gogh is an artist with a real sense of mission. Van Gogh summed up this feeling when talking about his own creation: "I risked my life for it;" Because of it, half my reason collapsed; But it doesn't matter ... ".

Van Gogh never gave up his belief that art should care about practical problems and explore how to awaken conscience and transform the world.

After he finished the world-famous Seven Sunflowers, he chose to commit suicide.

Van Gogh committed suicide at the age of 37. As an artist, it was not until shortly before his death that he won the praise of critics for his shocking and imaginative paintings.

Within a few years after Van Gogh's death, some painters began to imitate his painting methods. In order to express strong feelings, they can't truthfully reflect the reality. This creative attitude is called expressionism and proved to be a lasting trend in modern painting. That is, transforming the object for subjective consciousness.

Although Gauguin and Van Gogh's names have become pioneers of modern expressionism and models of extremely personalized artists, it is hard to imagine how different their personal characteristics are. Gauguin was a man who attacked traditional ideas. His language is mean, cynical, cold and sometimes rude. Van Gogh, on the other hand, was full of naive, passionate and deep love for artists. After his life experience, this love made him become an art dealer, and he had the desire to conduct theoretical research, and later became a missionary in the Belgian coal mining area. 1880 began to learn painting, and later studied in Brussels, The Hague and Antwerp. He came to Paris in 1886, where he met Lautrec, Seurat, Sinek, Gauguin and the original impressionists.

Van Gogh's palette brightened after he met an impressionist painter in Paris. He found that the only thing he loved deeply was color, brilliant and incongruous color. The color characteristics in his hands are fundamentally different from those of Impressionism. Even though he used the impressionist technique, his conclusion was non-brahmin because of his unique observation ability of man and nature. It has always been like this. And this hue is so consistent with the spirit that sunflower always faces the sun. No matter how tall you are, you will never forget where you come from. This is the spirit of sunflower.

Vincent van Gogh

Vincent Van Gogh (1853- 1890) is regarded as the greatest painter in the Netherlands after Rembrandt. He, Gauguin and Cezanne are also called post-impressionism. They absorbed the essence of Impressionism, but opposed the purely objective and rational description of Impressionism and advocated the essence and symbolic concept of things. They are the most important pioneers of modern art. Van Gogh began to paint at the age of 27. In just ten years, he painted more than 800 oil paintings and the same number of sketches, but almost no buyers were found. He had to rely on his brother Theo for long-term economic and spiritual support. Throughout his life, as Picasso said, "this man is either crazy or the best among us." 』

From 65438 to 0873, Van Gogh worked in a gallery run by his uncle in London, and pursued the landlord's daughter enthusiastically. Later, because of his lovelorn love, Van Gogh tasted the pain of love. He quit his job in the gallery and devoted himself to preaching to appease the painful hearts of mankind. From 65438 to 0876, Van Gogh served as a volunteer teacher in the school to help the children of the lower class learn. From 65438 to 0878, Van Gogh went to the Belgian Borina mining area to do missionary work. This winter, the mine cave collapsed, causing heavy casualties. God's miracle did not appear, which made Van Gogh disappointed with religion. 1879, the church dismissed van Gogh. After being fired, Van Gogh stayed in the mining area and became interested in painting.

From 65438 to 0886, Van Gogh followed his younger brother to Paris, the capital of art, and met Gauguin, Cezanne, Sura, Rotleck and other kindred spirits. Deeply influenced by impressionism and Japanese board painting, Van Gogh began to form a strong personal style in the future.

From 65438 to 0888, under the influence of Cezanne, Van Gogh went to Provence in southern France to seek creative inspiration. He settled in Al, where he painted more than 200 oil paintings, but only one (note: red vineyard) was sold and got painting reviews. In the poor life, under the red sun, the inexhaustible creation made Van Gogh nervous. In order to strengthen his belief, Van Gogh tirelessly invited Gauguin and Al * * * to live together and decorated his yellow house. But the result of two stubborn artists living together is a constant quarrel. After a heated argument, Gauguin left angrily. Van Gogh couldn't stop or restrain his excitement, so he cut off his left ear. From then on, he not only lost Gauguin, a good friend, but also laughed at everyone as crazy. 1889, van Gogh was admitted to the mental sanatorium in San Remy. 1890 In May, Van Gogh moved to Orville-sur-Vaz and lived near his younger brother. In just two months, he painted more than 70 oil paintings. Passionate and uncontrollable creative passion, like a fire burning his heart, made him exhausted and his spirit was on the verge of collapse. 1890 On the morning of July 27th, Vincent Van Gogh shot himself in the wheat field, and died of his injuries on July 29th at the age of 37.

Van Gogh doesn't paint anything, he is the theme and purpose of his painting. And the world gave him such a strong feeling that he had to disappear.

works

1. Cafe at night

Van Gogh's passion came from the world he lived in and the strong reaction of people he knew. This is by no means a simple reaction made by a primitive man or a child. His letter to his brother Theo is the most touching story written by the artist. The letter shows his highly sensitive perception, which is completely in line with his emotional response. He is keenly aware that he is getting the effect, which is achieved through yellow or blue. Although most of his color concepts are used to express his love for man and nature and his happiness in the process of expression, he is very sensitive to dark colors, so when talking about Cafe at Night, he said, "I try to express the terrible passion of human beings in red and green." The cafe at night is a nightmare composed of dark green ceilings, red walls and uncoordinated green furniture. The golden floor presents a vertical perspective and enters the red background with incredible power. Conversely, the red background is also quite competitive with its strength. This painting is an irreconcilable struggle between the perspective of space and the aggressive color trying to destroy it. The result is a terrible experience of claustrophobia and oppression. The work indicates surrealism's exploration of perspective as a means of fantasy expression, but no exploration can have such shocking power.

2. A starry night

Van Gogh's universe can last forever in the starry night. This is an illusion, surpassing any attempt by Byzantine or Roman artists to express the great mystery of Christianity. Van Gogh's paintings of exploding stars are more closely related to space exploration in that era than to the era of mysterious belief. However, this illusion is caused by the accurate brushwork that took a lot of effort. When we understand expressionism in painting, we often associate it with brave brushstrokes. Whether it is bold and unrestrained or flame-like brushwork comes from intuition or spontaneous performance, and is not bound by rational thinking process or rigorous techniques. The originality of Van Gogh's paintings lies in his supernatural experience, or at least his extrasensory experience. And this kind of experience can be proved by a cautious brush stroke. This brushwork is like an artist racking his brains to accurately copy what he is observing. In a sense, yes, because Van Gogh was an artist who painted what he saw. What he saw was an illusion, and he was also an illusion. Starry Night is a landscape painting both near and far, which can be seen from the high-viewpoint landscape techniques of Bruegel, a landscape painter in the16th century, although Van Gogh's more direct source is some impressionist landscape paintings. Tall poplars trembled and floated slowly in front of us; Small villages in the valley live safely under the protection of the steeple church; All the stars and planets in the universe are spinning and exploding in the "doomsday judgment". This is not the final judgment of man, but the final judgment of the solar system. This painting was painted by/kloc-0 in June, 1989 in St. Remy's sanatorium. After the second nervous breakdown, he lived in this nursing home. There, his illness was good and bad, and when he was conscious and full of emotions, he kept painting. The colors are mainly blue and purple, and the yellow of the stars beats regularly. The dark green and brown poplars in the foreground mean endless nights around the world.

Van Gogh inherited the great tradition of portrait painting, which is rare among his contemporaries. His passionate love for people made it inevitable for him to paint portraits. He studied people like nature, from the initial sketch to the last self-portrait he drew a few months before 1890. It faithfully shows the terrible and tense eyes that crazy people stare at. A madman, or a person who can't control his behavior, can't draw such a measured and skillful painting anyway. In different levels of blue, some rhythmic lines set off the beautiful sculptural head and strong trunk. Everything in the painting is blue or blue-green, except the dark shirt and the head with red beard. The combination of all colors and rhythms from the head to the trunk to the background, as well as the subtle changes in the emphasis parts, all indicate that this artist has a very good grasp of modeling methods, as if Van Gogh could record his mental illness when he was fully awake.

3. "Crowds of crows are flying in the wheat field."

In this painting, there is still his unique golden color that people are familiar with, but it is full of anxiety and gloom. The thick blue sky with dark clouds is pressing the golden wheat field, so heavy that people can't breathe, and the air seems to have solidified. A group of messy crows fly low, the undulating horizon and the violent strokes add to the sense of oppression, resistance and uneasiness. The picture is extremely turbulent, and the green path goes deep into the distance in the yellow wheat field, which adds anxiety and excitement. This painting reveals tension and ominous omens everywhere, as if it were a silent suicide book composed of colors and lines. The very next day, he came to this wheat field and shot himself in the heart.

4. "Self-portrait after ear cutting"

1888 Van Gogh invited Gauguin to live in arles, but the two stubborn artists kept arguing. After a heated argument, Gauguin left angrily. Van Gogh could not stop or restrain his excitement, so he cut off his left ear.

The world first infected its madness to human painters-just as it once injected magic into his works. We stared in surprise at Van Gogh's twisted face, frightened eyes and trembling gestures: he seemed to be suffering instead of all mankind and became the embodiment of pain. With this in mind, we can understand the struggling lines and dancing color blocks in Van Gogh's works: his blood is mixed with poured paint, and the canvas is just a bandage for his wound. This is a master who lives in trauma. He is used to talking to the world with a wound. This is a painful reaper, and his sickle finally harvested his ears.

Van Gogh died, but he left a famous ear-this last relic doesn't seem to have lost his hearing, collecting comments from future generations. The bleeding ear in the story is still like a stethoscope buried in our lives, spying on our conscience. Van Gogh is dead, his ears are still alive, and he still has memories. When he groans and collapses, why not give him a hand-the world, do you hear? Where do your ears grow?

5. Fourteen sunflowers

These sunflowers are simply inserted in vases, showing a breathtaking magnificence. Van Gogh used repainted strokes, like sculpture, to take a piece of clay from the relief. The colors and techniques of yellow and earth tones show a beautiful world full of hope and sunshine. However, while painting this painting, the world that the painter desperately wanted to seize slowly but mercilessly slipped away. Perhaps the surface of this painting reflects his psychological state at the end of his short tragic life. He is a painter who loves nature and can see pure beauty from simple things. He said that he would rather paint the shadows of trees seen from the window than imaginary illusions.

Someone commented: "If Seurat was born to obey his own intelligence, then Van Gogh is to publicize nature and make it conform to his feelings."

In addition, some people call it "Van Gogh", but "Van Gogh" is more accurate.

From a genetic point of view, Van Gogh's admission to a mental hospital in his later years is probably related to epilepsy among his aunts.

Three Bitter Love Stories of Van Gogh

Love is wishful thinking.

1In the autumn of 869, 16-year-old Van Gogh was introduced to an art clerk by his uncle. He was honest, reliable, intelligent and diligent, and was soon promoted and sent to London. In London, he fell in love with the landlord's daughter Eugenia at first sight. Van Gogh, ugly, walks with his back bent like a little old man. He thinks Eugenia is a peerless beauty and is fascinated by it.

Van Gogh was eccentric by nature, ignorant of the world and not good at making friends with people. But the magic of love is often powerful. Since Van Gogh met Eugenia, he has completely changed his previous personality. He was involved in the whirlpool of love, felt the joy of ordinary life, and became a popular person with occasional humor. The inexperienced Van Gogh openly admitted his admiration for Eugenia. However, Van Gogh's persistent pursuit did not get any return. On the contrary, Eugenia hates his fierce pursuit of offensive. When Van Gogh made love to her, she firmly refused.

Van Gogh lacked the ability to read and write, let alone fully understand women's real thoughts. In fact, Eugenia never showed any affection for Van Gogh, but he always fell in an imaginary love, which ended in failure. After his lovelorn love, Van Gogh still couldn't forget Eugenia. He often went to Eugenia's home to find her, and tried to express his sincere love, hoping that Eugenia would change his mind.

When Van Gogh pursued Eugenia again, Eugenia told him that he had been engaged a year ago. This heavy blow almost made Van Gogh despair, but he also dreamed of taking Eugenia back from other people's arms. Van Gogh tried to find opportunities until one day, when Van Gogh saw Eugenia snuggling in the arms of a tall, thin man, and they kissed passionately. All Van Gogh's dreams were disillusioned, and his heart seemed to be ripped out. Then, he left London for Paris in pain.

1880, his younger brother Theo, who worked in a painting shop, helped Van Gogh, then 27, learn painting. Although the economic situation was very pessimistic, painting brought endless happiness to Van Gogh, which temporarily made him forget his thoughts of Eugenia.

Touch social taboos and fall in love with cousins.

188 1 year, Van Gogh went home to visit relatives and met his cousin Kay, who had just become a widow. Cousin Kay was warm and generous, and her beauty almost intoxicated Van Gogh. Kay is a typical Dutch woman. Her hair is dark chestnut, her blue eyes are shining with charming brilliance, and her plump lips are slightly open, like flowers in bud.

Van Gogh was suddenly pleased with Eugenia's refusal. He felt that his past love was so superficial that Eugenia was just an ignorant child. Van Gogh was convinced that getting along with Cousin Kay was more valuable than getting along with Eugenia. Kay let him know love again and understand the true meaning of love. However, in Holland in the19th century, marrying a cousin was a serious social taboo. Besides, to Van Gogh's sorrow, like his first love Eugenia, Kay showed little interest in him. Van Gogh found that his cousin Kay always avoided the topic of love and marriage and never gave him any chance to express his love. One day after lunch, when Van Gogh and Kay were resting in the shade of a stream, Van Gogh finally couldn't help but confide in Kay, but Kay left angrily after hearing Van Gogh's confession.

Although Van Gogh felt sorry for Cousin Kay's ruthless refusal, he bravely decided to go to his uncle's house to find Cousin Kay. But my uncle wouldn't even open the door for him when he saw it was Van Gogh. Uncle told him repeatedly that Kay was not at home. In order to meet his cousin, paranoid Van Gogh even brought a kerosene lamp, put his hand on the flame of the kerosene lamp and said to his uncle, "Let me meet my cousin, or I will always put my hand on the lamp." Seeing this, Van Gogh's uncle quickly blew out the light and took him to a nearby bar to get him drunk. However, after being drunk, Van Gogh still failed to meet his cousin, only to get a tougher answer from his uncle: "You can never be with her!" "

Great sadness filled Van Gogh's heart and devastated his body and spirit. Van Gogh had to work harder. Frustrated by such cruel love, he wants nothing but to live independently.

150 francs ruined the engagement.

After two setbacks in love, Van Gogh put more energy into painting.

Once, when Van Gogh was sketching, he met Christina, a former prostitute. Two people, you come to live with me, it feels very speculative. Christina models for Van Gogh every time after work, and sometimes cooks, cooks and washes clothes for him. These actions made Van Gogh feel the warmth of home and gave him the idea of getting married.

Soon after, two people who needed comfort moved in together. For Van Gogh, Christina has admirable qualities, and being with Christina has increased his confidence and strength. Van Gogh didn't just want Christina as his mistress. He wants to marry Christina, live together and fall in love. In order to have a harmonious and happy family, Van Gogh felt very happy even if he worked hard. Christina also wants to be a good wife and mother as much as possible.

Although outsiders pointed at them, when Van Gogh earned 150 francs a month, the couple decided to get married.

However, Christina collapsed when she was a prostitute, and her weak body needed a lot of nutrition. Almost obsessed with painting, Van Gogh spent a lot of money on buying paints and hiring models, which made Christina feel distressed and the contradiction between them deepened.

In the end, because Van Gogh could not earn a monthly salary of 150 francs, he completely broke off his relationship with Christina and ended his third love.

Van Gogh's Sunflower is the most distinctive work. The sunflowers he created are like flaming flames, which are very special and have great personality. He was a famous painter in the Renaissance and an innovator who had an important influence on painting after Impressionism. However, his life was short and bumpy, full of tragedies. 1890 On July 29th, Van Gogh committed suicide in France.