My computer has two graphics cards installed. How can I see the names of two graphics cards on my computer?

(1) Select the operating system.

Even if I don't say this, most people know it, hehe. Microsoft's Windows, of course. Because the function, visual effect and compatibility of various applications of this operating system are incomparable to other systems. If you have money (or money to burn), you'd better buy genuine Windows XP (hereinafter referred to as XP) and install its sp 1 patch; This is the most stable and compatible operating system at present. The minimum requirement for XP is CPU 1000mhz and 256M of memory. Ignore Microsoft minimum configuration (Microsoft minimum configuration is too low). If your computer configuration is lower than this standard, it is best not to install XP system. Otherwise, you will get on the ox cart and shake it slowly!

(However, apart from the motherboard, it is not easy to upgrade the hardware of the old machine. Others like CPU, memory stick, sound card, video card, modem and so on. Can be upgraded. Motherboard can download the latest BIOS driver of the motherboard manufacturer with the same model and version number; For the BIOS upgrade of the motherboard, I upgraded my notebook and desktop. There are no very good quality floppy drives and floppy disks. Don't act blindly. The direct effect of motherboard upgrade is not obvious, and it has little effect on speed. If your computer motherboard has USB 1. 1 function and can be used, don't pursue the new one. There is something wrong with the motherboard, so I have to go to a special computer repair station to rearrange it)

Of course, as I said, it costs a lot of money to upgrade all plug-and-play hardware except the motherboard hardware. I estimate 2000-2500 RMB, so your computer configuration is very high: CPU 1.5G or more, memory 256M or more, 56K cats, and graphics card cache 32M. However, we don't need to upgrade our hardware, so we must use Windows 98 or Windows Me. There is no substantial difference between the two systems. The interface of Me is beautiful, but the system restore function of Me is really flattering. The same problem as the two is instability and collapse; Hot-start and reset are essential retention procedures for every computer. The system often loses files. With the repeated loading and unloading of application software, the system becomes slower and more unstable until the system is reloaded.

No matter what kind of system CD, you can buy it in the pirated CD market. (4-5 yuan/Zhang) In the CD market, 98 and Me are absolutely genuine, so there is nothing to talk about. Microsoft has added activation function to XP (activation means that you must contact Microsoft to activate your system within 30 days after installing XP, otherwise you will not be able to enter the system within 30 days. You can only enter in safe mode. This is a means for Microsoft to crack down on piracy. )。

The best, simplest and upgrade-supporting activation method is the Russian hacker mobile phone activation method. I upgraded my system to XP sp 1 by this activation method.

It is said that Microsoft's latest operating system, Windows 2003, will be released on May 22nd, 2003. Let's wait and see and enjoy the ultimate happiness brought by Microsoft's latest operating system as soon as possible.

As for some people who want to ask, why not mention Windows 2000? Although 2000 is more stable (stronger than 98 and me, second to XP), its compatibility is so poor that many applications can't run on 2000.

2. Backup work before installing the system

There will inevitably be a lot of information and letters on your computer. You can't throw these things away just because you installed the system, can you? What can we do? We can back them up 100% to other disks. If your computer has climbed down and can't even be turned on, then you can turn it off manually; Restart, press F8 to enter safe mode, and then do the following.

(1) is backed up on a local disk.

If your computer's file system is in the form of FAT, and your hard disk has been divided into at least two areas before, then you can store all your letters, email accounts, address books and data on the non-system disk (can't there be no partition? If you only use one field, then you are either a super slacker or a super rookie.

If you use Outlook Express as a mail terminal, you can export all letters, address books and accounts.

Mail export: Open OE, click Tools, click Options, then click Maintenance, click Storage Folder, and click Change to change it to a non-system disk, such as D:\ My Mail. Confirm.

Account Export: Open OE, click Tools, click Accounts, click Mailboxes, select mailboxes one by one, click Export on the right, and set non-system disk folders, such as: D:\ My Account; Save.

Address Book Export: Open OE, click File, click Export, click Address Book, select a storage location, such as D:\ My Account, and save.

My document export: right-click my document on the desktop, click Properties, click Move, set the non-system disk such as D:\ My document, and confirm.

(2) If there is a mobile hard disk, it is best to save the above contents on the mobile hard disk. Just change the drive letter of the storage location to the drive letter of the active hard disk. (Now a mobile hard disk is about 1000 yuan (40G capacity, USB2). O compatible with USB 1. 1). If your current system is 98, you have to install a USB flash drive, otherwise you won't be able to identify the mobile hard disk. If it's me or 2000 or XP, you don't need to install a USB driver. By the way, mobile hard disk, with this thing, even the notebook can't be taken away. It is very convenient to store the maps and data we want to use and carry them with us! Now, I'm afraid there are not many units without computers. Wherever we go, we can take it with us.

(3) Memory backup of input method thesaurus

If you operate this computer for a long time, you must have used text input. In this way, your language habits and vocabulary habits are adapted and memorized by the computer. We can back up the font file, and the location of the file is:

c:\windows\system32\IME

In short, when using a computer, try not to put important data on the system disk (usually C: disk). My e-mail, (my e-mail client is BECKY2.05. 10), data and commonly used software are stored on D:, E: and active hard disk respectively.

3.CMOS settings are in normal use. When the computer is partitioned, the first startup sequence should be set to active disk, and other devices such as CD-ROM drive and floppy drive should not be tested. This is not only beneficial to the startup speed, but also can prolong the service life of CD-ROM and floppy drive. At the same time, there is no "crunching" noise when starting the test. But when we install the system, we can't boot from the activation disk of the hard disk. What shall we do? If the operating system of your hard disk is fat, you'd better format the disk where the system is installed, such as C: disk, to remove the long-term garbage. The first bit of the CMOS boot sequence needs to be set to: disk (floppy drive). The specific operation of formatting: shut down, put the floppy disk into the 98 startup floppy disk, start it, enter the DOS state, select 2 (with CD-ROM drive startup), and enter: (excluding the preceding colon) Format c: c: \; Then answer the system question, type y, enter, and keep entering. If the file system of the hard disk is NTFS, or you don't want to format the hard disk, or the hard disk has been formatted, you must set COMS to the CD-ROM drive as the first boot. CMOS setting: (Take the prize-winning motherboard as an example, other motherboards are basically the same) Start the computer and press DEL (some computers press F2), enter CMOS setting, enter BIOS function setting, then enter the boot sequence, press the up and down keys to select CD-ROM, C, A, and then press ESC, F 10, Y, and enter, then manually shut down or press reset after putting in the installation CD. (It is best to install a CD with self-starting function. 4. Install the system (take WINDOWS XP as an example below) I chose the complete Windows XP installation CD without any cracking. Start the computer, press enter when the words "press any key to start the CD" appear, start copying the installation program, and check the capacity and format of the system disk location, which can be ignored; When choosing the file format of the system hard disk, it is best to choose FAT32 instead of NTFS. Although the ntFS file system greatly improves the stability and speed of the operating system and the hard disk management function, NTFS only supports Windows NT, Windows2000 and WindowsXP with NT as the kernel, but does not support DOS, WindowsME and Windows98. So it is not suitable for those of us who often play software. Once the system crashes, you can reinstall the system by repartitioning and formatting under NTFS. As long as the system is repartitioned, the data and information on the hard disk will be completely finished. This is the lesson I learned from countless losses. When I used Windows2000, I used NTFS system, which was mainly used to prevent CIH virus from damaging the system and hardware, but now it is too easy to prevent and kill CIH. On the contrary, under the FAT32 file system, as long as there is a 98 or Me boot disk formatted with disk C, I can reinstall the system, and I am not afraid that all the data on the hard disk will be lost. (I don't talk about zoning here, I will talk about zoning later, including the actual training of FDISK and DM. Zoning is a dangerous and troublesome thing. ) Then, copy the system files and prepare for installation. The dialog box for selecting time zone and language appears, and I don't need to say it. Wait patiently. If XP was originally installed under DOS, you must first copy the smartdrv.exe file (named smartdrv.exe in the installation directory of Win98) to the 98 startup floppy disk and run it before installation, which greatly improves the installation speed. I sometimes run it before installation and sometimes forget it, but I don't feel much difference. Maybe my two computers are relatively new. If XP is reinstalled with the original system unchanged and the operating system on the system hard disk, the "Upgrade/New Installation" dialog box will appear during the installation process, and upgrade must be selected at this time, unless dual operating systems are to be installed on the computer. Generally, the installation time does not exceed 60 minutes. After installation, choose not to activate it now and then activate it later. Press Next, fill in at least one name, such as JixXP, and press Enter all the time, that's all. Now start to activate the system: See the following instructions: Method: Copy the SETUPREG. HIV to %systemroot%system32\ directory, overwriting the original file (I can't find this SETUPREG. HIV, but paste it directly), restart, press F8 to enter safe mode, log in as an administrator, and run WINXP_CRK. Then restart. Enter WinXP, select "Telephone Activation" when requesting activation, and fill in "40111"in each box-activation succeeded! Needless to say. I can only tell you one word: great! ! !

4. Necessary setup and installation of some drivers.

(1) Enter the control panel (or right-click my computer and click Properties), open the system, select System Restore, and turn off the restore function of all disks.

(2) In the system, click Advanced to reset the error report (if this option is not turned off, there will always be an application form to complain to Bill Gates, which is annoying).

⑶ There are sound cards, video cards and cat drivers for general notebook computers, which can be installed automatically. Let me focus on the desktop.

Click Control Panel, click System, click Hardware, click Device Manager, uninstall all items with question marks and exclamation marks, and click OK to close the system items.

Take out the drive disk you carry with you and put it in the CD-ROM drive. Click "Add Hardware" in the control panel again, and when the selection dialog box appears, if you know the directory and location of your driver, you can select it manually; If you don't know, please select automatic.

Sound card, video card and cat driver are all the same. If you don't have a dedicated driver for XP, there are two ways to solve your problem. First of all, you can use the Win2k (Windows2000) driver of the plug-and-play device for installation. XP and 2K have the same kernel and no difference in drivers. During the installation process, a dialog box without Microsoft signature may appear. Ignore it and just click "Yes". If you don't even have a Win2k driver, there is only another way. First, find out the manufacturer and model of your equipment, print the manufacturer and model on the general manual or on the board and card, then go to the manufacturer's website from the computer with internet access, select the model and download it directly. Then use floppy disk or USB flash drive or mobile hard disk to transfer to the computer for installation. The floppy disk has a small capacity, so I'm afraid it won't fit. )

(4) Graphics card settings

Click Display in the control panel, and other options can be selected according to your computer. The best pixel is 800× 600,32 true color. Click Advanced, and then click Monitoring. The screen refresh frequency of cathode ray tube display is 75HZ or 85HZ, and that of liquid crystal display is 60HZ.

5] Set the network connection.

I won't talk about broadband settings, just dial-up Internet settings.

Click Network Connection in Control Panel, click Create New Connection, click Connect to Internet, click Manual Settings, click Modem, and then add a name, such as xxx, phone number 16900, password 16900 and verification password 16900. You can surf the Internet.

[6] Sound Settings

Click the sound and audio devices in the control panel, select the volume icon in the taskbar, and then click Apply; As for other options, you can set them according to the actual situation of the computer and your own hobbies.

4. Necessary setup and installation of some drivers.

(1) Enter the control panel (or right-click my computer and click Properties), open the system, select System Restore, and turn off the restore function of all disks.

(2) In the system, click Advanced to reset the error report (if this option is not turned off, there will always be an application form to complain to Bill Gates, which is annoying).

⑶ There are sound cards, video cards and cat drivers for general notebook computers, which can be installed automatically. Let me focus on the desktop.

Click Control Panel, click System, click Hardware, click Device Manager, uninstall all items with question marks and exclamation marks, and click OK to close the system items.

(4) Graphics card settings

5] Set the network connection.

I won't talk about broadband settings, just dial-up Internet settings.

[6] Sound Settings

4. Necessary setup and installation of some drivers.

(1) Enter the control panel (or right-click my computer and click Properties), open the system, select System Restore, and turn off the restore function of all disks.

(2) In the system, click Advanced to reset the error report (if this option is not turned off, there will always be an application form to complain to Bill Gates, which is annoying).

⑶ There are sound cards, video cards and cat drivers for general notebook computers, which can be installed automatically. Let me focus on the desktop.

Click Control Panel, click System, click Hardware, click Device Manager, uninstall all items with question marks and exclamation marks, and click OK to close the system items.

(4) Graphics card settings

5] Set the network connection.

I won't talk about broadband settings, just dial-up Internet settings.

[6] Sound Settings

5. Restore the mailbox, account number and address book.

When exporting, just change the original "Export" to "Import" according to the menu steps. I won't repeat it, hehe, if you can't reverse the operation, then you are really stupid, so don't read this article.

Step 6 restore fonts

Open the backup font information. If there is a recovery program, click it directly. If not, replace it directly. I mainly aim at intelligent ABC and ziguang pinyin input method. I haven't used other input methods, so I'm not familiar with them. You'd better study them yourself.

7. My document has been reset.

Repeat the above steps when exporting, just merge and link the two folders.

8. It is recommended that you install the following utility software on your computer:

(1) WinZip 8. 1 (general compression software)

Winrar 3.2 (the best compression software)

(3) Microsoft Office XP (International Office System)

⑷ AcadSee5.0 (graphic recognition software)

Jinshan 2003 (Instant English-Chinese Translation Software)

Kingsoft Internet Security 2003 (the best antivirus software in China)

(7) Once Winamp 2.8 (the best Mp3 music playing software)

Being ⑻windvd 4.0(DVD, VCD audio and video playback software)

Levies flashget1.40 (the best online download tool)

The above softwares are all my favorites. Generally, it can be downloaded from the Internet. Office XP, Kingsoft, Kingsoft Internet Security and other software. It's too big, so you'd better buy a CD to install it.

In addition, it is best to install a system optimization software. In the domestic system optimization software, Windows optimization master (Author: Jin Lu) and Super Rabbit Magic Settings (Author: Cai Xuan) are the first. WindowsXP itself is highly optimized, so it is of no practical significance to optimize the system. But WindowsXP doesn't set the secondary cache of CPU, so you can use either of these two softwares for optimization. For example, the CPU secondary cache of my notebook is 256K K K. I didn't reset it in the registry, but set it with rabbit magic.

Recently, I found on the Internet that Jin Lu, the author of the Windows optimizer, said that the cracked version of the optimizer would destroy the system in about 60 days. Therefore, I never dare to use the master of optimization again. I advise my friends not to use the cracked version, or the system will be broken. If you use it, 30 RMB will be fine, not expensive.

9. Finally, defragment the disk.

Open my computer, right-click C:, click Properties, click Tools, click Start Finishing, and finally click Defragmentation, and then click OK.

At this point, the installation is complete.

(2) The first thing to understand is, what does "reloading" mean here? In fact, the so-called "reinstallation" means reinstalling the operating system. Judging from the current actual situation, it is estimated that ordinary users rarely choose other operating systems such as Linux, OS/2, Unix, etc., so we refer to reinstalling the Windows operating system here.

Generally, when installing an operating system, it often involves brand-new installation, upgrade installation, installation under Windows and installation under DOS. The meanings of various installation methods are as follows:

● Brand-new installation: install an operating system in addition to the original operating system, which is what we usually call coexistence of multiple operating systems. If you still want to use the previous operating system, or if you are not so comfortable with the new Windows system and just want to try it for a while, then choosing the "new installation" mode is the most ideal. The advantage of this method is high security and will not cause damage to the original system. Common ones are Windows 98/2000 and Windows 98/XP.

● Upgrade and installation: upgrade the original operating system, such as upgrading from Windows 98 to Windows 2000 or Windows XP. The advantage of this method is that the original program, data and settings will not change, and there are fewer hardware compatibility problems. The disadvantage is of course that the upgrade is easy to recover.

Installation under Windows: This is the simplest installation method. Insert the installation CD into the Windows desktop environment to run the installation program. The interface is familiar and the operation is simple.

● Installation under DOS: This is an installation method only used by experts, which needs to be carried out at a dark DOS prompt, so those who can master this installation method are generally experts. Usually, we just need to set it as CD-ROM boot in BIOS, and then start the system with Windows installation CD-ROM, and the installation program will run automatically. Alternatively, you can manually execute the Setup.exe program in the Windows environment.

Tip: If you reinstall the system under DOS, please back up and load smartdrv.exe (disk cache) in advance, otherwise the installation speed will be surprisingly slow.

Because it is considering reinstalling the system, it naturally does not involve upgrading and installation. Generally speaking, there are two situations:

Passive Reloading: Due to various reasons, such as user's misoperation or the destruction of viruses and Trojan horses, important files in the system are damaged, resulting in errors or even crashes, and it is impossible to start. It is natural to reinstall the system at this time. Sometimes, although the system runs normally, there will still be errors from time to time. It is better to reinstall it than to take time and effort to find it.

Active Reloading: Some DIY enthusiasts who like to fiddle with computers will reinstall the system regularly even if the system is running normally, so as to reduce the weight of the bloated system and make the system work in the best condition.

Suggestion: No matter active or passive reloading, it can be divided into superposition reloading and brand-new reloading. The former is reinstalled on the basis of the original operating system, which has the advantage of retaining the settings of the original system, but the disadvantage is that it cannot completely solve the problems existing in the system. After all, it is not a cure. The latter reformats the partition where the operating system is located, and sometimes it may be repartitioned for completeness. On this basis, the reinstalled operating system is almost installed. This reinstallation method is more thorough, which can not only solve the original errors of the system once and for all, but also thoroughly kill possible viruses. This reinstallation method is strongly recommended.

Preparation before reinstalling the system

Reinstalling the system is a relatively large project. According to the author's experience, it takes at least 2 ~ 3 hours to partition, format, install the system and install the driver. If the system configuration is less, it may take more time. Before reinstalling the system, the following preparations are essential:

● Back up important data.

Although there is no great danger in upgrading the system, you should always be prepared. Friends are advised to back up important data in the system before upgrading, especially account configuration/address book of email, QQ friends list/chat history, MSN Messenger contact list, favorites list, Cookies, etc. And, of course, your personal files.

When backing up the above materials, you can back them up manually or use third-party tools and software to back them up one by one. If you use Windows XP system, you may wish to use the built-in "File and Settings Transfer Wizard". This is a very good backup tool, which can be found in Start, all programs, accessories and system tools.

● Export data

Figure 1

Step 1: As shown in figure 1, since we are exporting data, we should select "Old Computer" here and click the "Next" button. After a while, we will see a dialog box prompting to choose the transmission method, which lists the options such as direct cable, home network or small office network, floppy disk drive and other removable media. It is recommended to select "Other".

Figure 2

Step 2: See the dialog box in Figure 2, where you can freely choose to transfer items according to your own needs. You can transfer only settings or files, or both files and settings. These settings include IE settings, Microsoft Messenger, Microsoft Netmeeting, MSN Explorer, Outlook Express, Windows Media Player, regional settings, taskbar options, display properties, * * documents, desktop, my documents and so on. Of course, you can customize the file list and settings again, and click the "Next" button to export to the specified path.

● Import data

Figure 3

When you need to import data, you should select the "New Computer" item in the window of figure 1. When you see the window in Figure 3, please choose according to the actual situation. Because we selected the other item before, we should select the item "I don't need the wizard disk, I have collected files and settings from my old computer", then select the other item and click the Next button. This process is completely automatic, and the only thing that needs manual intervention is to restart the system or log off the system after import.

Backup driver

After reinstalling the system, the installation of the driver is also a big problem. Although there are many kinds of hardware that Windows XP can recognize, I'm afraid some newly introduced hardware devices still need to install drivers manually. If you can find the corresponding drive CD/floppy disk at hand, it goes without saying, but what if the drive CD/floppy disk has been lost?

● Online download: Save the corresponding driver downloaded online in advance on a USB flash drive or a mobile hard disk, or burn it to a CD.

● Manual export: Of course, this does not mean manual export after searching the contents in *. Inf file. We can use software such as Driver Wizard 2004 and Driver Wizard 2005 to back up the driver (see Figure 4), so I won't go into details here.

Figure 4

Basic tools

Please prepare a Windows 98 super boot disk. Note that this does not refer to the startup disk made by using the Format A:/s command in the command line mode of Windows 98, nor the floppy disk formatted from the resource manager, but refers to the startup disk made during the installation of Windows 98, or the startup disk made in the control panel |||| after the installation. This is the so-called super startup disk. This floppy disk can load CD-ROM drive, create virtual disk, call external commands and so on.

Of course, if your computer supports CD-ROM startup, and you happen to have a genuine Windows installation disk, then you can save the step of making a super startup disk, just set up the system to start with CD-ROM, and then start the system with the installation disk.

Rapid reloading system

Reinstalling a system usually involves the following steps:

Step 1: adjust the system startup sequence. Enter the BIOS setup program and set the system boot order to CD-ROM drive first or floppy drive first.

Step 2: repartition and formatting. In order to keep the system clean and tidy, it is strongly recommended to repartition and reformat the hard disk when reinstalling the system. If you don't want to repartition, it is necessary to format the system partition. Just run the FORMAT C: command.

Step 3: Install the operating system. Start the system with the Windows installation CD, and then follow the instructions of the installation wizard.

Step 4: Install the driver. In most cases, there are not many drivers that need to be installed manually. Generally, there are graphics cards, sound cards, modems, network cards and other devices. If the driver has been backed up by software such as Driver Wizard 2005, you only need to restore it here, or you can insert the driver disk and install it manually.

Install security patches for the newly installed system.

Although Microsoft currently regards security as the top priority, Windows XP, which is known as the "safest operating system" in history, still exposes various loopholes from time to time. Although Microsoft is busy releasing corresponding patches and patches, it is still hard to prevent. For example, the shock wave in 2003 and the shock wave in 2004 caused considerable losses to Windows users all over the world.

Just reinstalling the system.

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