Ancient China

There are also some records of homosexual shadows in ancient China. For example, the story of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Han Ai sleeps in Dong Xian, and Dong Xian holds the emperor's sleeve. The emperor couldn't bear to wake him up and broke his sleeve. It shows that the relationship between monarch and minister is extreme. It is recorded in the Warring States Policy Wei Ce that Long Yangjun brushed the pillow mat for Wang Wei. "Peach" and "Split Peach": Zixia Mi and Wei Linggong eat peaches respectively. And Chen Zhuan are also famous couples. Chen Wendi once proposed a male queen for Han Zigao, but it didn't work. Unofficial history's name is Chen, which is Chen Chuan's surname.

In A Dream of Red Mansions, Jia Baoyu has similar homosexual behavior. A dream of red mansions "gourd monk arbitrary gourd" the fourth situation also has a corresponding description:

"... only he (Feng Yuan) has some meager income. When I was eighteen or nineteen, I liked masculinity best and hated women most. This is also a shangbeizi ... "

So homosexuality has been around since ancient times.

ancient Greece

It is generally believed that same-sex relationships were very common in ancient Greece. But K.J. Dover pointed out that such a relationship did not replace the marriage between men and women, but happened before or together. An adult man will have an underage male companion. They will become "erastes" and the young will become "eromenos". In this kind of relationship, it is considered inappropriate for the loved one to feel eager because he is not masculine yet. Driven by desire and respect, the lover will selflessly contribute all the education that the beloved needs to a prosperous society. (Greek homosexual, K.J. Dover, 1979, Gerald Duckworth &; London Limited)

Medieval Europe

Before Benckert coined this medical term, homosexual sex was condemned as evil by Christianity and outlawed in some European countries, including Britain. In some cases, men will be imprisoned for engaging in homosexual sex, such as the famous Oscar Wilde case in Britain a hundred years ago. Westerners believe that the origin of the concept of same-sex sexual behavior can be traced back to the twelfth century. Boswell, a famous historian of Yale University, found that homosexuals "are outstanding, influential and respected in many aspects of society in most European countries, and left an eternal mark on the cultural heritage of that era, whether in religious society or secular society."

However, since the second half of 12 century, relatively vicious hostility has appeared in popular literature and eventually spread to theology and legal literature. (boswell, 1980, p. 334). 13 and 14 centuries are an era of intolerance to any heresy, including the crusades against non-Christians, the rejection of Jews, and the increasingly serious wanton suppression of people suspected of being in danger. Boswell pointed out that this intolerance influenced European society in the following centuries. Foucault (1979) traced back in his History of Sex that with the increasing authority of government and medical profession in secular society during the industrial revolution, the condemnation of homosexuality turned from religion to secular society and medical profession.

Europe in the industrial age

/kloc-At the end of 0/9th century, in Europe and the United States, homosexuality was regarded as a medical diagnosis unit and a crime and illegal act due to the convergence of this historical force. However, at the beginning of the 20th century, men and women attracted by the same sex formed friendship networks and meeting places in urban areas (D 'Emilio,19811993). In a city like new york, these meeting places are widely known and frequented by the sexually liberated generation in the 1920s. Under the famous social repression in 1930s, with the promulgation of laws and the suppression by the police, the acceptance of same-sex attraction in this period came to an end. Economic oppression has forced many men to lose their jobs, thus re-emphasizing heterosexual masculinity, which may be a reason for the re-emergence of intolerance towards homosexuality (chauncey, 1994).

Western countries in World War II

In the 1920s, the same-sex movement appeared in Germany, and libraries and centers were established in Berlin. 1939, the Nazis destroyed the center and burned down the library. Soon after, the government promulgated a law prohibiting same-sex sexual behavior, and thousands of homosexuals were imprisoned and died in concentration camps (Plant, 1986). Freud fled Germany during this period and took refuge in London. In the 1920s, he signed a petition in support of the same-sex movement, and wrote in a famous letter that homosexuality is not beneficial to society, but it is not a pathological phenomenon in the sense of mental illness.

World War II brought together an unprecedented number of men and women. In the United States, the result was to purge so-called homosexuals from the army until the end of the war, and it was further expanded in Senator joseph mccarthy's anti-gay and anti-capitalist movement in the 1950s. In this social atmosphere, AlfredKinsey and his assistant published their first scientific research report on sexual behavior in the United States, and found that a large number of men had experienced homosexual sex. Subsequent research found that these experiences also happened to women. These research materials were severely criticized, but they supported the same-sex movements in Los Angeles, San Francisco and new york at that time. There are also gay movements in Europe, including Amsterdam and Copenhagen. Same-sex newspapers, magazines, private clubs and public places are piling up, and they begin to suspect that the dominant same-sex sex behavior is a disease.

Stonewall riots in America.

1960s, the fuse of the rise of gay rights protection movement became the turning point of modern homosexuals from repression to struggle and from darkness to light.