Zhang, vice president of Shanxi Academy of Social Sciences, was invited to answer the question of "Bright Rich Man". Qiao Zhiyong is the founder of Joe's rich family. Qiao Zhiyong, the hero of "The Qiao Family Courtyard" broadcast by CCTV, is the third generation business person of the Qiao family. He was born in the 23rd year of Jiaqing (18 18) and died in the 31st year of Guangxu (1907) at the age of 89. The business of jstars started from the first generation of Qiao Guifa, and was heavily operated by Qiao Zhiyong in the third generation, making jstars a business giant. Therefore, Zhiyong can be described as the founder of Qiao's rich family wealth and is called "the rich man of Ming Dynasty". Qiao Zhiyong, the third son of Qiao Guifa and the second son of the United States, studied very hard when he was a child. After becoming a scholar, he embarked on an ambitious career as a scholar and a juren. However, this is a fate that is hard to violate. Soon, the eldest brother died young, and his father died one after another, and he became the backbone of the three doors of the Qiao family. So he abandoned Confucianism and went into business. Qiao Zhiyong is an expert in shopping malls, because he is resourceful and decisive in business. Qiao's Fushenggong firm in Baotou has developed into a huge commercial network such as Fushenggong, Fushengxi, Fushengquan, Fushengxie, Fushengjin and Fushenghe. Under his planning, it basically monopolized the commercial market in Baotou, so there is a saying in Baotou that "there is a duplicate name in front of Baotou City". In the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), Zhiyong adapted to the development requirements of the times and founded Dade Tong and Dade Heng Bank in Huitong World. Under the management of Qiao Zhiyong, Qiao's enterprises spread all over the country's major commercial ports and land and water terminals, with prosperous business and deep pockets, becoming a shopping mall giant. One of the important reasons why Qiao Zhiyong became a shopping mall giant is that he is good at employing people. Qiao Zhiyong, the first bank governor of China, has been trained, and his business philosophy is "one faith, two righteousness and three benefits". That is to attract customers with credibility, treat people with righteousness, put faith first, and take advantage of the right path. Qiao Zhiyong is especially good at employing people, which is an important reason for his successful career. Such as courtesy to hire a face. Yan, formerly manager of Pingyao Bank Fuzhou Branch. Yan has close contacts with young military attache Enshou. When Eun Shou needed money for promotion, Yan offered 65438+ 2 million yuan to support Eun Shou. To this end, Yan was reprimanded and scolded by the general. After Enshou was promoted to general Hankou, Enshou returned the borrowed money from Wei Changhou within a few years and opened up business for the draft bank. However, Yan lost his affection for Wei Changhou because he was excluded and reprimanded by the general manager, and decided to leave Wei Changhou and go back to his hometown to find another job. Qiao Zhiyong knew that Yan was a rare talent in business, so he sent his son to prepare an eight-lift sedan chair and two teams of people to meet Yan at the intersection when he returned home. A group of people waited for several days at the intersection and finally met Yan. Yan was greatly moved by Zhiyong's son's explanation of his purpose and his father's earnest feelings. Yan thought: Qiao's family is rich and rich, and it's an honor to treat him so well. Zhiyong's son also asked Yan to sit in a big sedan chair and drive around by himself, explaining that this was specially instructed by my father. This made Yan even more moved. The two men met each other halfway, and finally they had to let Octavia sedan chair carry Yan's coat and hat, which was regarded as a sedan chair for Yan, and they walked side by side. Yan came to Qiao's house and received him warmly. Qiao Zhiyong saw that Yan was well-behaved, smart and steady, and proficient in business. When Yan was only 36 years old, Zhiyong even lamented that he was young and promising, and he was a rare economic talent. Yan was immediately hired as the manager of the ingenious Dade Heng Bank. Compared with the situation of Wei Changhou, Yan was deeply moved by Joe's esteem for him and his kindness to meet him, and immediately expressed his willingness to spare no effort to help him. In the twenty-six years since Yan presided over Dadecheng Bank, the bank has become increasingly prosperous, and the dividend per share in the accounting period is between 8,000 and 12,000. Yan has made outstanding contributions to the business development of the Qiao family. As another example, Qiao Zhiyong boldly used illiterate Mason to become a shopkeeper. Ma Yuan is a small shopkeeper in a grain shop under the Western Commercial Bank. Although Ma can't read, he manages very well, which makes this small grain shop profitable every year. At that time, Fushengxi Commercial Bank needed a small grain store to supplement it because of poor management. Originally, the shopkeeper in the shop was not qualified to see the big boss, but after Mason returned to Qixian, he adopted the way of calling himself the big boss and asked to see the big boss. Qiao Zhiyong was surprised and summoned the man who claimed to be the big boss. Ma Shi reported the operation of Baotou to Qiao Zhiyong, and Qiao Zhiyong saw that he was a talented person, so he funded his grain store to operate independently. Later, it was really extraordinary. Soon after, he was allowed to manage Fu Sheng West Company, and Marsh made a lot of money for Joe's family. Because of his lack of culture, when he needs to sign, the word "Xun" often lacks arms and legs, which leads to the word "Gou". People call him "Horse Dog" shopkeeper. At that time, there were many people who could write and calculate. Generally, an illiterate person would not be allowed to run a big company. However, Qiao Zhiyong used talents in an eclectic way, and made an exception in appointing the illiterate Mason, and achieved success. In addition, Dade Heng Bank in Qiao Zhiyong also trained the first bank president for banks in China. He is Jia, manager of Taiyuan Branch of Dade Heng Bank. When the Gengzi Incident happened, Empress Dowager Cixi and her party fled Beijing in panic and passed through Shanxi. On behalf of Dadeheng, the total number of banks is 302,000 (654.38+ 10,000 is 200,000) of the Qing royal family, but it is required that the financial income of Westward Journey be temporarily managed by Dadeheng. Empress Dowager Cixi, who had no money in her pocket, naturally agreed. When Empress Dowager Cixi passed through Qixian County, General Da Deheng also set up a temporary palace to receive Empress Dowager Cixi and others. In this temporary palace, the red carpet, brocade, fine wine, delicacies and delicacies made Cixi, who fled in a panic, overjoyed and left a deep impression on Joe's Dade City ticket office. After that, Empress Dowager Cixi lived in xi for a year, and all the wealth was managed by Dadeheng, making Dadeheng once a temporary treasury of the Qing Dynasty. Not only did I recover all the original 302,000 silver, but I also made a fortune from the wealth management business. Later, when Cixi returned to Beijing to prepare for the Bank of the Ministry of Finance, she remembered Jia of Dadeheng Bank and summoned him on the order. Cixi asked Jia whether she wanted to be an official or a businessman. Jia said that being an official is not his material, but he can do business. Empress Dowager Cixi said: Then I will give you the position of official and businessman. So Cixi issued a decree, granting him an official position, and at the same time organizing a bank for the household department. In the 31st year of Guangxu (1905), Hubu Bank was established with Jia as the first president. In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), Hubu Bank was reorganized into Daqing Bank, and Jia succeeded as president. It can be seen that talents like China's first bank president were originally trained by Dade Heng Bank established in Qiao Zhiyong. Strict code and family rules are another important reason for Qiao's business prosperity, and strict code system is another important reason for Qiao's business prosperity. As stipulated in the number: employees in the number, including the shop assistant, are not allowed to bring their families, let alone prostitutes and concubines; All employees shall not gamble or take drugs; All people are bound to varying degrees according to their status and size. If you don't follow the rules, depending on the mistakes you made when you arrived at the account, you will be fired, wiped out, or reduced in labor remuneration. Qiao Zhiyong is very strict with his family. Its family rules are: no drugs, no concubinage, no abuse of servants, no gambling, no travel, no drinking. These family rules not only put an end to the root of the disaster, but also become the guarantee for the family to keep profits and protect Thailand. Qiao Zhiyong married six wives, but all of them were mistresses. Qiao Zhiyong regards Zhu's aphorism as a must-read book for his children and grandchildren. He often warned his descendants to beware of the words "arrogance, greed and laziness". And educate future generations that "only selflessness can be great, and only great people can be great"; "Avoid dryness, rhetoric, dew, learning, and knowing the circle"; Be generous to others and give yourself. If children and grandchildren are at fault, they are ordered to kneel down and recite Zhu's motto. If you waste food, you will be ordered to kneel down and recite several times that "a porridge and a meal are hard-won, and a little bit is hard-won" until you admit your mistake and apologize. Zhiyong also hung a couplet on the door of the inner room to educate future generations. His couplets read: if you seek fame and fortune, you must cherish clothes, cherish money and not hesitate to spend it, and cherish music and raise your social status. Qiao Zhiyong also likes to make friends with officials, which reflects the feudal side of Shanxi merchants represented by him. Qiao Zhiyong lived in feudal times, and also had the pursuit of making friends with officials and improving social status. The officials of the Qiao family are from the royal family to the county government. Since the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, he has served as border guards in Mongolia, Xinjiang, Shaanxi and Gansu, and almost all the states, counties and counties in this province have contacts with Qiao. Its practice is to get in touch with the office manager first, and then gradually transition to Qiao Zhiyong Cai Dong. It is said that gaoyu, manager of Dadetong Bank, has a close personal relationship with Zhao Erxun and Zhao Erfeng, and got to know Duan Fang, Zhang Zhidong and other government officials through the Zhao brothers. During Guangxu period, Zuo served as an imperial envoy, in charge of military affairs in Xinjiang, and was closely related to Qiao's Dadetong and Dadeheng Bank. Most of his military expenses are deposited by Qiao's bank, and sometimes he borrows money from Qiao's bank to overdraw when military expenses are in short supply. When the northwest settled down and the court transferred the whole family back to Beijing as the minister of military aircraft, the expenses on the road were managed by Qiao's ticket office. Coincidentally, Qiao's family, located in Qixian County, Shanxi Province, is located in the official road of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and made a special trip to Qiao Zhiyong when passing through Qixian County on the left. Qiao Zhiyong, of course, very happy, ready to meet the left. When he left for Qiao Zhai to meet Qiao Zhiyong, he said, "Brother Liang has heard a lot about you." Qiao Zhiyong is flattered. In Qiao Zhai's narrative, Zuo repeatedly said that he wanted to do something in the northwest, relying on the support of Brother Liang's bank, and so on. Zhiyong also took the opportunity to ask Zuo to write a couplet for the centenary portrait in front of the door. Zuo impromptu pen, the title of the couplet is: repairing heaven and harming people's morality. When Li Hongzhang, the minister of Beiyang, founded beiyang fleet, he heard that Shanxi merchants were rich in the world, so he stretched out his hand to collect money from them. Qiao Zhiyong Dadetong and Dadeheng Bank pledged 654.38+ two silver. In this way, Li Hongzhang also left a deep impression on the two banks of the jstars. After mediation by Li Hongzhang's aides, Li Hongzhang wrote couplets for the Qiao Family Courtyard. It is said that this couplet written by Li Hongzhang is: descendants have wisdom, clans have big brothers, and families have fat. It is not difficult to see that Qiao Zhiyong has its own commercial interests and needs in making friends with the government, which reflects the feudal side of Shanxi merchants represented by Qiao Zhiyong. (Author: Shanxi Academy of Social Sciences)