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The meeting process of Xuzhou conference
Feng held the "Nanjing Conference" in Nanjing. The purpose of Feng's convening this conference was to create a third force between Yuan and Yuan Pai, and to deal with the Southwest National Army with Yuan and the National Army with Yuan. At this time, Yuan was not at ease with Feng, so he adopted the technique of fighting poison with poison, and sent Zhang Xun to supervise Anhui military affairs and remained in Xuzhou. Ni Sichong, Yuan's best friend, was the governor of Anhui Province. Yuan hinted that if Zhang Xun could expel Feng, he would send Zhang Dusu. Gal, zhang and ni together disrupt the nanjing meeting, make the nanjing meeting in a fruitless situation.

Zhang Xun invited representatives of provincial warlords attending the Nanjing Conference to Xuzhou for a meeting. Representatives from Fengtian, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Zhili, Henan, Shanxi and Anhui provinces, representatives from Sichuan, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi and Shandong did not attend, and representatives from Fujian did not arrive in time.

This is June 7th, five years, the day after Yuan's death. Zhang Xun delivered the telegram of "protecting the environment and protecting the people", and talked plausibly about "the kindness and kindness of the Qing Dynasty" at the banquet to welcome representatives from various provinces. On June 9, the Xuzhou meeting officially began. Zhang Xun sent Wan Wan, the chief of staff, to publish ten outlines of the meeting, taking "rectifying the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League" as a smokescreen, essentially trying to organize the provincial military offensive and defensive alliances of Beiyang warlords, so as to coerce the Beijing government to confront the southwest national defense forces and maintain its power position. Although Zhang Xun was a redneck, he seized the best opportunity and made himself a political darling at that time. It turned out that after Yuan's death, the northern warlords were feeling that the road ahead was boundless and they didn't know what to do. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, they were all divided for their own interests. How did they know that Yuan was dead, but they felt that the northern warlords would collapse if they didn't unite, so the requirement of survival was unity. Just then, Zhang Xun called the Xuzhou meeting to meet the needs at that time. In August, Rep. Zhao suggested that military personnel should not interfere with parliamentary bills, and Zhang Xun denounced its joint multi-person electrification. In September, Rep. Chen Yunzhong questioned the issue of warlord alliance, and Zhang Xun and others vetoed the electrification for the second time in Congress.

On August 5th, Minister of Justice William Gallas went to Shanghai from Yunnan and stayed at Mengyuan Hotel. At the right time, Shanghai Customs seized a large amount of opium on board. It is said that Sun, Zhang's entourage, is seriously suspected, but Zhang denies that Sun is one of the entourage. Zhang is one of the cabinet members belonging to the right wing of the Kuomintang, and it was originally disliked by Duan when the Kuomintang entered the cabinet. On August 13, the Beijing government suddenly issued an order reaffirming the smoking ban, which pointed out: "criminals use fake amulets skillfully and sell them secretly." This order is obviously alluding to the southwest people to attack them. It was soon discovered that Tang's brother Tang was also involved in the Shanghai pornographic photo case, but it had nothing to do with the Spring Festival Evening. Zhang arrived in Beijing on August 25th. After the opium case in Shanghai, whether it had anything to do with Gala or not, Zhang Xun sent a telegram in the winter (September 2), saying, "Gala used to sell land for personal gain, which humiliated the country. The State Council is the highest administrative organ of a country, how can it tolerate this scum toilet? ..... On behalf of the majority of the people, I dare say that such a cabinet member and such a house will never be recognized by our people. "

By this time, Congress had approved the Prime Minister's approval and the list of all cabinet members, so Duan had to speak for Congress. He suggested that Zhang Xun stop interfering in Congress. Zhang Xun replied that he was not interfering in Congress, but "supervising Congress". In mid-September, Li sent Ruan Zhongshu, an old friend of Zhang Xun, to Xuzhou for dredging. Unexpectedly, after persuasion and dredging, Zhang Xun became even more rampant, openly uniting with a number of Beiyang warlords to send a telegram (13 September) to attack Gala with greater firepower. He once said, "... the government put up with it, but Congress passed it blindly. ..... Congress is the place where legislation is made, and the Chief Executive is the person who enforces the law. If the law doesn't work, how can we convince it? From now on, how can Xun and others force people to ban smoking? Just let them grow up, suck, and don't ask. It is expected that the provincial court will be ashamed and will eventually sever relations with the Ministry of Justice. ..... Zhang Yu is one of the suspects in this case. Whether he is guilty or not, he should be sentenced to probation and sent to court. ..... If you are right, please reprimand Justice Gallas and submit him to the court for public trial to thank the world. If what you have done is what you have done, please set up a post like "strike" to thank Zhang Yaozeng. If the government is still in a dilemma, please strike and reprimand you and Gallas to calm its anger. ..... dressed in whitewashed clothes, Schoenberg shrugged it off and kept silent about life, which Schoenberg could not bear. It is everyone's duty to dare to help him. He is not afraid of military intervention. It is imperative to wait for training. "

Ni Sichong, Jiang Guiti, Zhang, Feng, Meng Enyuan, Bi Guifang, Xu Lanzhou, Wang Zhanyuan, Zhang, Zhao Ya, Tian Wenlie, Li Houji, Tian Zhongyu, Yang Shande, etc. Gallas angrily resigned from the Beijing government. He called himself "innocent and irresponsible" in his resignation. And suggested: "Zhang Xun despised the central government and threatened the court. Please punish him severely." He said that Zhang Xun, as a "plaintiff", should come to the court to confront him face to face. If it is a false accusation, it should be reversed. Li comforted him "Never mind". Duan only said an irresponsible sentence: "I don't blame myself for this." On September 2 1 day, Zhang Xun openly convened the second larger Xuzhou meeting, expanding the seven-province offensive and defensive alliance into a "thirteen-province alliance". Shandong overseer Zhang, the commander of the fifth division, Fengtian overseer Zhang, Jilin overseer Meng Enyuan, Heilongjiang overseer Bi Guifang, Jiangsu overseer Feng, Henan overseer Zhao Ya, Hubei overseer Wang Zhanyuan, Jiangxi overseer Mason Lee, Fujian overseer Li Houji, Zhili overseer Cao Kun, Zhili Governor Zhu Jiabao, Zhejiang overseer Yang Shande and Song Huwei attended the meeting. When the representatives of these warlords arrived in Xuzhou, Zhang Xun sent a big green sedan chair to meet them at the station, and booked four hotels as guest houses in Xuzhou. The meeting was held in the living room of the visitor's office, with strict access control, and delegates had to pass the medical examination when they entered. The meeting decided to elect Zhang Xun as the leader of thirteen provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, and formulate the bylaws of twelve provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities as follows: 1. The purpose of this group is to contact national defense, consolidate strength and support the central authorities; Second, this group was established to prevent mobs from monopolizing political power. After the opening of the National Assembly, if there is an excuse to disturb and embarrass the provinces and regions, the group can hold a meeting to discuss concerted action and discuss together; Three, the group in order to maintain national peace, if it is necessary to use force, about joint regional operations, then elect a leader as commander in chief; 4. The group is an elected leader, that is, the leader. After a referendum, the leader will inform them to comply. Five, the group pushed general Zhang Shang as the leader, in case of important events, should preside over the dispute. It is better to list the people who come and go from e-commerce by General Zhang Shang, but cable the reasons afterwards; Six, this group, if there are matters that must be discussed, should be attended by representatives of all provinces and autonomous regions to discuss the meeting, and the meeting place is tentative; Seven, after the group, if there is any behavior that hinders national unity and unreasonable demands on politics, which is intolerable by public opinion, the group will be hostile to it; 8. If groups outside provinces and autonomous regions rebel against the Central Committee and undermine the overall situation, the groups will assist the Central Committee in subduing them; Nine, for the sake of justice, the group should stand up and protect anyone who supports personal hatred and falls into revenge under another name; X. The Group shall make joint efforts to resist acts of deliberate sabotage and seeking to weaken the influence of the Group; Eleven, the group should need funds, by the provinces as appropriate; 12. This section is only a brief introduction, and matters not covered shall be stipulated from time to time through public discussion.

These regulations show that the purpose of Xuzhou meeting is not only to organize military alliances against Congress, Kuomintang and southwest provinces, but also to prevent the centralization of Beijing government and lay a stronger foundation for warlords in various provinces. In other words, anyone, including the Beijing government, who damages his power position is considered to be * * * collaborating with the enemy and dealing with it by force.

On September 22nd, Ni Sichong, governor of Anhui Province, rushed to Xuzhou from Bengbu to attend the meeting in person. At Ni's suggestion, the meeting of that day was changed to an emergency meeting. He spoke first at the meeting, thinking that it was not enough to formulate the articles of association without taking action. Therefore, he suggested that the National Assembly be dissolved, the old "Covenant Law" be abolished, and the five leaders of the Southwest faction, Tang, Sun, Gu Zhongxiu, Chen Jintao and Gala, be recalled, and the Beijing government should be informed of this resolution and give a reply within three days. In fact, these proposals are aimed at turning the Republic of China into a military state of China and taking a combative stance against the southwestern provinces, which has aroused the concern of the representatives of the provinces and made them think that they cannot agree without the authorization of the governor. Ni took a step back and wanted to change "dissolving parliament" to "eliminating thugs in parliament", but everyone still couldn't decide, so the meeting that day ended without results.

On 24th, Secretary-General the State Council brought a telegram from Beijing. Therefore, the theme of the meeting was to discuss this telegram, and both Zhang Xun and Ni Sichong insisted on adopting this telegram as a manuscript. 25th, Zhang Xun, Feng, Wang Zhanyuan, Mason Lee, Ni Sichong, Zhang, Meng Enyuan, Guo Zongxi, Bi Guifang, Xu Lanzhou, Cao Kun, Zhang, Zhao Ya, Tian Wenlie, Li Houji, Zhang Guangjian, Tian Zhongyu, Yang Shande, Chen Guangyuan, Li Jincai, etc. ..... Tang once borrowed money, and with a huge sum of 6 million, he was fatter than several friends. As the Prime Minister of the Cabinet, the National Assembly argued endlessly about the use of the money, and Tang Yan was speechless and even left his post and fled. When Tang came here, he really wanted to be a foreign aid, which was insidious. ..... Please don't let the president take office. If you don't follow the rules, you will have a long diplomacy, what the country has lost, and what the country has lost Honor equals Tang's signature, which is unpredictable. In addition to the comparison between public representatives and Tang liquidation, there is also a text presentation. "This telegram is more powerful than the telegram that attacked Gala Tseng. The names on the list increased from 65,438+05 to 34. Except for the governors of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Xinjiang provinces, almost all of them fought an unarmed old Beiyang bureaucrat in the name of Beiyang School. There are overseers, governors, teachers, commanders, guards and guards, and the last one is the police chief of Zhili, which can be called a complete role. The fact of attacking Galazen is incorrect, but it still has some influence. All the facts listed in this telegram are out of thin air. For example, Bikuan was used to dissolve the Southern People's Army, and Tang resigned as the Prime Minister of the Cabinet because of Yuan Shikai's oppression. "Trying to help foreign countries with ulterior motives" is also an unwarranted charge. The telegram attacking Galazen only assumes that the provincial judicial organs will be separated from the chief justice of "smuggling cigarettes", but this telegram clearly points out that all listed provinces should be separated from the chief foreign minister of "ordinary accusation". In the past, when the navy became independent, it declared that it would "not accept the orders of the Beijing Admiralty". This time, the listed provinces are ready to break diplomatic relations with Beijing, that is, they are independent of the Beijing government in disguise. They are also afraid that the telegram will not scare Tang back, and they are ready to take practical action to send someone to Tianjin to audit the accounts and threaten him not to work in Beijing. In fact, this telegram was arranged by Zhang Xun and Ni Sichong, and some warlords in the provinces echoed it, while others expressed disapproval. Representatives of Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Hubei provinces said that they had to ask the provincial heads to decide whether to sign, so Ni Sichong stood up and said loudly, "You can't represent, I will represent", that is, take a pen to sign for him. Therefore, Feng, Chun-Li and Wang Zhanyuan all denied agreeing to the listing of CLP and withdrew their representatives. Feng sent a representative to Beijing to declare that this telegram was not approved by me. This is the beginning of the uniqueness of the three governors of the Yangtze River in Beiyang School.

On September 25th, Tang electrified and resigned as foreign minister. He condemned Zhang Xun in the telegram and said:

"Zhang Xun entrenched xuzhou, regime, chemical temminick central command, appointment and removal of officials, taxes levied by it. Let's collect fugitives, call on believers to violate the dignity of Congress with absurd and illegal remarks, despise the Attorney General with nonsense and order him to step down. "

By the way, the telegram accused the Beijing government of unfair handling of the Guangdong issue;

"Long Jiguang overseers Guangdong for three years, involved in war, raped and plundered, and there were many thieves, thinking that the court had won the prize and had a world vision, so although it was expressly dismissed, the extension of the account was unreasonable. Although it was recently handed over to India, it still occupied Gushan and extorted huge sums of money to monopolize Qiongdao. The uprising in southern Li Liejun, aimed at creating harmony and loyalty to the Republic of China, made him enjoy it and moved to a famous city. The result was not as good as that of a cruel and unjust Long Jiguang. The martyrs were discouraged and the people were unhappy. "

After Tang's resignation telegram was published, Secretary-General Li Paifu went to Tianjin to retain him. Tang has no intention of going to Beijing to join Duan's cabinet. His post of foreign minister was nominated by Li, and he left Shanghai for Tianjin at the invitation of Li. As soon as he arrived in Tianjin, he knew that the air in the north was very bad for him. Duan believes that Li firmly invited Tang to join the cabinet only to seize the prime minister of the cabinet, so he did not hesitate to take various measures to prevent Tang from taking office in Beijing. Duan used Xuzhou Conference to attack his political enemy Tang, but this weapon hurt himself in turn. While the overseers violently attacked Tang, the Xuzhou meeting also discussed the cabinet. Zhang Xun advocated Xu Shichang to form a cabinet, and let Duan retire to the post of army chief of staff in Xu Shichang's cabinet. Zhang Xun's rejection of the cabinet has two purposes. One is to compete with Duan for the position of leader of Beiyang School, and the other is to use Xu Shichang to open the way for the restoration of Qing Dynasty. Therefore, Xuzhou Conference produced a sharp contradiction within Beiyang School-the contradiction between Zhang Xun and Duan.

At the Xuzhou meeting, there were still contradictions between Zhang Xun and Feng, and the relationship was always bad. Feng sent representatives to the Xuzhou meeting, not willingly acting as Zhang Xun's assistant, but using the Xuzhou meeting to prepare for a coup in an attempt to seize the presidency. However, Zhang Xun regarded him as a flag-waving pawn and sent a telegram under a pseudonym without his consent, which he could not tolerate. So, he and his own Spring Calendar and Wang Zhanyuan withdrew their representatives, expressing the uncooperative attitude between the three governors of the Yangtze River and Xuzhou.

Zhang Xun has no contradiction with warlords in other provinces. Due to Zhang Xun's arrogance, various warlords dare to be angry but dare not speak. Every time Zhang Xun expressed his opinions, the warlords in the provinces could only echo them. On one occasion, Fujian Governor Li Houji also thought that the telegram came too late. He scolded Li for undermining Beiyang Group and influencing the prestige of the leadership, which scared Li to call and apologize, and it was too late to entrust the secretary to make a manuscript. Later, Beijing elected vice president, and Zhang Xun ordered the provincial leaders to electrify and support Xu Shichang. Li quickly called back and said, "I would rather be handsome than wear the East China Sea (Xu)."