Tell me about those colleagues who are more confident.

"How easy it is to make a form, just fill in the numbers." "PPT is to put some pictures and write some words." "The activity plan is like that, every time you change places and change themes." Do you always meet such people in the workplace, but they always feel that they are doing a good job and often devalue others' work? Obviously people are annoying, but they always think ghosts are very popular.

First, the Ducker effect.

Deng Dunning-Krugereffect is a kind of cognitive deviation, which means that people with poor abilities have an illusory sense of self-superiority and mistakenly think that they are better than the real situation. If summed up in one sentence, it is: ignorance of your own ignorance.

Second, the experimental phenomenon

In an ability test, the researchers divided the whole country into four groups according to their scores. The group with the best grades will underestimate their ranking. The other three groups will overestimate, and the group with the worst performance has the biggest overestimation deviation, and even thinks it is above average. Even if the standard answer is given, the worst group will not think that they are the worst. Subsequent experiments on reading, driving, sports, playing chess and other behaviors prove that this phenomenon also exists in daily life.

Third, experimental explanation.

Deng Ning and Kruger: The explanation given for the experimental results is that only when a person really has a certain ability and really knows what this ability is can he make an accurate assessment of whether he has mastered this ability. People with a good understanding will overestimate others because they think the test is easy. But after social comparison, they can realize their position more accurately.

Fourth, I am confident because of the food.

The more layman, the more layman, the easier it is to despise others and overestimate yourself. They just don't know: a good table can see the relationship between data at a glance and let the data directly reflect the problem. A good PPT beauty is only the foundation, but also highlights the key points. The logic between each page is clear and coherent, guiding and attracting the public. A good friend should pay more attention to the actual and unexpected handling of every execution detail.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) positive experimental conclusion

Deng Ning and Kruger also made positive discoveries in the subsequent Real Face. They trained a group of people who did not perform well in the ability test. Therefore, with the improvement of their ability, the accuracy of their self-evaluation is also improving. This is also a passage in the Book of Rites: Although there is a supreme way, you learn it, but you don't know its goodness. Is to learn from the past and know less.

Six, written in the last words

When Deng Ning and Kruger published their research,

He also quoted the words of three wise men: knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is also. Confucius

Ignorance brings confidence to people more easily than erudition. Darwin

An unpleasant thing of our time is that those who are sure are always stupid, while anyone with even a little imagination and understanding is always indecisive and self-doubt. Bertrand Russell