What is the reason for Li Si’s success? Li Si from Dune Change is just as the saying goes, his cleverness leads to mistakes. He has great wisdom, but he did not expect that he would make such a wrong decision in his later years. But after all, no one is a saint, and no one can make mistakes. In a long life, no one can avoid making mistakes. Therefore, this is not enough for us to deny the fact that Li Si is not smart. We can only say that Li Si was smart all his life and confused for a while. . When we evaluate whether Li Si is smart or not, we cannot draw premature conclusions about him just because of this one incident. Since Li Si could become the prime minister of Qin, he must have something special about him. If you want to know a person accurately and comprehensively, it is particularly important to understand his life; and to judge whether a person is smart or not, you need to understand his life achievements. So, let us first get to know Li Si briefly. Li Si, whose name is Si and whose courtesy name is Tonggu, was born in the late Warring States Period and was a native of Shangcai, Chu State (now southwest of Shangcai County, Henan Province). He was an outstanding politician, writer, and calligrapher in the Qin Dynasty. His representative works include "Book of Remonstrance and Chasing Guests", "Langya Stone Carving" and "Taishan Fengshan Stone Carving", etc. After briefly getting to know Li Si, let’s get back to business and take a deeper look at Li Si’s intelligence. Li Si's intelligence: He went to Qin to try his skills. When Li Si was young, he worked as a clerk in charge of documents. However, he was unwilling to be so mediocre in his life, so he resigned from his position as a petty official and went to Qi State to study, and became a disciple of Xun Kuang. It is recorded in "Historical Records" that Li Si learned the art of emperors from Xun Qing. After Li Si succeeded in his studies, he analyzed the situation faced by the seven countries in the world and believed that only Qin could defeat the six countries and dominate the world. Therefore, Li Si, who had great ambitions, made up his mind to go to Qin to show his talent. In his correct decision, we see his plan for the future of his life. He has his own goals and ideas, which also shows his intelligence. In 237 BC, Li Si came to Qin. After coming to Qin, he first worked as a retainer under Lu Buwei. After Li Si gained Lu Buwei's trust, he became a personal attendant of King Qin Yingzheng. After Li Si had the opportunity to get close to Ying Zheng, he continued to persuade Ying Zheng and King Qin to attack the six countries in order to become the overlord. King Qin Yingzheng also had this intention, so he appointed Li Si as a long history, and then appointed him as a guest minister, and asked Li Si to formulate a preliminary plan to destroy the six countries and achieve hegemony. This was also the starting point of Li Si's success and fame. Li Si is like a thousand-mile horse, but he is smart and does not wait for his Bole. Instead, he chooses to take the initiative to find his Bole. This is undoubtedly his cleverness. After being expelled, he wrote the "Book of Remonstrance and Expulsion". In 237 BC, King Qin Yingzheng was persuaded by Li Si and determined to annex the six countries. At this time, South Korea was afraid of being destroyed by Ying Zheng, so it ordered Zheng Guo to go to Qin to build a canal to contain Qin's military and financial resources. In the end, South Korea's conspiracy was discovered by King Yingzheng of Qin, and he ordered the expulsion of guests from various countries. Li Si was undoubtedly expelled by King Yingzheng of Qin. How could Li Si, who had just emerged, give up on his ideals and ambitions? So on his way out of Qin when he was expelled by the King of Qin, he wrote the "Book of Admonishment and Expulsion of Guests" to persuade the King of Qin. This also reflected Li Si's intelligence from the side, and the "Book of Admonition and Expulsion of Guests" was also written by him. The crystallization of wisdom. This book contains a large number of historical facts, which illustrates the benefits that guests from various countries can bring to Qin, and focuses on the losses caused by expelling guests. The book also writes that we should recruit talents at all costs, which is very good It reflects the current national conditions of Qin. King Qin suddenly realized after seeing the "Book of Remonstrance and Expulsion of Guests" written by Li Si, and ordered to cancel the expulsion of guest officials from various countries and appointed Li Si as Yanwei. Li Si's move brought huge benefits to Qin. The water canal (Zheng Guo Canal) built by the State of Zheng greatly promoted the prosperity of the State of Qin, and also enabled King Qin Yingzheng to have a group of good ministers and generals, such as the well-known Meng Tian, ??Wang Li, Wang Jian, Li Xin, etc. . After submitting the letter, Li Si was reused by King Qin Yingzheng. Li Si suggested that King Qin Yingzheng should continue to use Fan Ju's previous strategic measures of "making friends far away and attacking near" to help Qin destroy the six countries. It can effectively protect the territory it has conquered, thereby gradually occupying the six countries and completing the empire's hegemony. From this seamless plan, we also see Li Si’s cleverness. Having said that, let us briefly take a look at Li Si's plan. In the first battle among the six countries, South Korea, which was the weakest among China, used tactics of military suppression, surprise, and preemptive strikes to win the battle and capture South Korea in one fell swoop. South Korea was destroyed in 230 BC. In the first phase of World War II, the Zhao State, the most hated country among the six kingdoms, took advantage of the battle between Zhao State and Yan State and ordered the famous general Wang Jian to capture 9 cities of Zhao State. Later, he ordered Huanjue to capture Pingyang and enter the strategic stalemate stage. After three years of rest and recuperation, Qin State took advantage of the drought in Zhao State and launched a north-south pincer attack on Handan, the capital of Zhao State, to launch the second phase of the offensive. During this period, the famous Qin general Wang Jian used counterintuitive tactics to make King Zhao abandon generals Li Mu and Sima Shang, and then captured Handan, the capital of Zhao, in one fell swoop. Zhao was destroyed in 228 BC. Wei, which had the strongest defense among the six kingdoms in the Three Wars, first attacked Chu with Wang Ben, the son of veteran general Wang Jian, to open its way. Later, he sent troops and diverted the Yellow and Hong rivers to break through the Wei city. Three months later, the king of Wei was defeated by the flood and the capital city was destroyed. He surrendered in a small boat, and Wei was destroyed in 225 BC. Wang Jian, the famous general of the Chu State, which had the largest area among the Four Wars and Six Kingdoms, evaded the enemy's high morale. He waited patiently for a year to wait for the enemy to relax their vigilance and their morale was low. He seized this opportunity to attack the capital of Chu State, Shouchun. This was a typical example of a tired enemy in history. War, Chu was destroyed in 223 BC. In the Five Wars and Six Kingdoms, the cold and windy King of Qin of Yan State Ying Zheng ordered Wang Ben to lead his troops to attack Liaodong and captured King Xi of Yan. Yan was destroyed in 222 BC. Qi, the last surviving state in the Six Wars, learned from the experience and lessons of the previous destruction of Chu, avoided Qi's elites, attacked its flanks, and was destroyed in 221 BC. From then on, the Qin Dynasty, the first unprecedentedly powerful unified country in history, was established, and Ying Zheng called himself Qin Shihuang. During Ying Zheng's journey to unify the world, Li Si helped King Ying Zheng of Qin formulate a plan to annex the six countries, and actively deployed and offered suggestions, fully demonstrating his intelligence and talent. His contribution was indispensable, and he was later promoted to Prime Minister. After the Qin State completed the great imperial cause of unifying the world by abolishing the enfeoffment and establishing counties and counties, Li Si continued to assist King Ying Zheng of Qin to consolidate power and handle state affairs. He suggested that Yingzheng abolish the backward feudal system and implement a system of counties and counties. The content of the system of counties and counties is to establish several counties in the country, and then establish counties and townships below the counties, which are unified under the leadership of the government. Officials are appointed and dismissed by the central government, and the central government establishes three public offices. and Jiuqing to make the division of labor clear and better assist Yingzheng in managing the government. The system of prefectures and counties proposed by Li Si has been used by subsequent feudal dynasties for nearly 2,000 years since the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, and has had a significant impact on the history of China and the world. If it were not for his great ingenuity, the county system would not have been established, nor would it have been in use for nearly 2,000 years, nor would it have had such a profound impact on history. Personally preside over the unification of writing. Because many princes have been in a state of division and separatism for a long time, there are also considerable differences in language and writing, which will be a major obstacle to the development and progress of the country in the future. Li Si proposed to Qin King Ying Zheng to unify the written language. Ying Zheng readily accepted it and gave Li Si the responsibility for the matter. So Li Si personally took charge, based on the original Qin fonts, abolished some traditional characters, integrated and created some simple and easy-to-use Xiaozhuan characters as standard characters, and promoted learning throughout the country. During this period, Li Si not only unified the written language, but also made important contributions to the unification of laws, currency, weights and measures, and carriage tracks. This move greatly promoted the cultural exchanges of various ethnic groups, the exchange of commodities and materials, and the construction of transportation, allowing the Qin Dynasty to develop rapidly in terms of culture, economy, transportation, etc. The unification of its currency was followed by the feudal society for more than two thousand years after the Qin Dynasty and had far-reaching influence. Whether he unifies the written language, unifies the laws, or unifies the currency, etc., if Li Si did not have real great wisdom, this would be impossible for him to accomplish. Li Si's decision-making mistakes: The failure of his life: The Sand Dune Incident. King Yingzheng of Qin died of illness on his way back from his fifth tour. Before his death, he orally asked Zhao Gao to write a letter to his son Fusu, asking Fusu to return to Xianyang as soon as possible. Handle funerals and inherit the throne. But before this letter was sent, King Qin Yingzheng passed away. Zhao Gao then wanted to help Hu Hai usurp the throne. He knew well that Li Si would lose to Meng Tian after Fusu succeeded to the throne and was afraid of being left out, so he discussed with Li Si about helping Hu Hai usurp the throne. In order to protect his noble rights, Li Si arrogantly believed that he could defeat the eighteenth prince Hu Hai and Zhao Gao, the magistrate of the CRRC, so he made the most foolish decision in his life and forged a will with Zhao Gao. The eighteenth prince Hu Hai was made the second emperor of Qin. After Hu Hai successfully succeeded to the throne, Zhao Gao realized the threat Li Si posed to him. Zhao Gao, who had already gained Hu Hai's trust, became murderous towards Li Si. So Zhao Gao framed Li Si for treason and tortured Li Si to extract a confession. In the end, Li Si Forced to admit the fact that he was treasonous. Stills of Li Si In 208 BC, Li Si was conquered by the three barbarian tribes, and Li Si withdrew from the stage of history. After summarizing and understanding Li Si's life, everyone must have their own opinions in their hearts. He made outstanding contributions to great measures such as writing a letter to advise King Qin Yingzheng not to expel guest officials; helping to realize the grand plan of annexing the six countries; abolishing the feudal system and implementing the system of prefectures and counties; and unifying the writing, currency, weights and measures of the six countries. We showed his true talent and intelligence. As the saying goes, "No gold is pure, and no man is perfect." After all, Li Si was not a saint. He also had times when he was confused, and his mistakes in his later years are not enough for us to deny the fact that Li Si was smart. Throughout his life, Li Si was indeed a man of great wisdom.