Mr. Lu Xun said: "Cao Cao is a very capable person, at least a hero." ("Wei and Jin demeanor and articles and the relationship between medicine and wine")
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms mainly emphasizes his shortcomings, which has caused many readers to have the illusion of this historical figure. As Mr. Lu Xun pointed out: "When we talk about Cao Cao, it is easy to think of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and it is easier to think of the traitor on the stage, but this is not the real way to observe Cao Cao." Mr. Lu Xun asked readers to distinguish between novel characters and historical figures, because the image of Cao Cao in the novel has been circulated for a long time.
Because the author of Romance of the Three Kingdoms supported Liu's anti-Cao from feudal orthodoxy, many of his revelations about Cao Cao were fictitious.
There are also some places that the author thinks are key issues, but not key issues, such as Cao Cao's disloyalty to the Han Dynasty, taking the emperor as a vassal, forcing the palace after killing and so on. Although the author thinks it is outrageous and abhorrent, it cannot be used as a basis for judging Cao Cao's crimes.
When reading Romance of the Three Kingdoms, don't judge Cao Cao by the author's love-hate tendency and right-wrong standard. This phenomenon often occurs in the history of literature, and the author's creative intention is not exactly the same as the objective meaning of artistic typical.
The image of Cao Cao in Romance of the Three Kingdoms has both positive and negative aspects.
This is true of all exploiting class politicians who have played a progressive role in history. Cao Cao comprehensively embodies their essential characteristics and is a successful artistic model.
2. A short script about rewriting "Empty City Plan": During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang lost his strategic place-street pavilion because of misuse of Ma Su, and Wei took advantage of the situation to lead Sima Yi to the West City where Zhuge Liang was located. At that time, Zhuge Liang had no generals around him, only a group of civil servants and military commanders. In desperation, he set up an empty city plan.
When Sima Yi's army slowly approached Xicheng. )
Spy: (panicking and panting) ... Prime Minister ... Something's wrong! Sima Yi came to Xicheng with150,000 troops ... What should the Prime Minister do?
(Kong Ming is deep in thought)
Civilian: (afraid) Prime Minister, Wei Jun has such a big army that I am afraid. I'm afraid that the west side will be captured, and they will definitely kill us …
(Kongming waves back) When Kongming steps into the city gate, he sees Wei Jun coming from a distance, dusty and horses neighing.
Kong Ming: It seems that Sima Yi is really determined to destroy Shu this time. At this time, half of the troops are on the way to transport food and grass. Looking back, there were only some civil servants and 2500 soldiers left, all pale with fear. .
Kong Ming: Let me see ... hmm (expressing hesitation, etc.) ... (thinking) ... OK ... I have my own clever plan. Somebody please. Tell all the soldiers in the barracks to hide, and make a decision as long as they make any noise (emphasize, read word by word)!
Soldier: Yes! My Lord!
Kong Ming: Then I will order you to go down and open all the doors. ...
Civilians: What? Prime minister? What ... what did you say? It's not just little people talking about it. When Sima Yi captured Xicheng, the four doors should be closed. You told the four doors to open wide, and the villain was shocked!
Soldier: This … Yes, my Lord! What we should do now is to retreat completely. As the saying goes, there is no fear of burning without firewood.
Zhuge Liang: Don't be afraid. I have my own clever plan. I will find some soldiers to pretend to be ordinary people and sweep the floor outside the city gate. Those who don't comply will be beheaded immediately.
Civil servant: (whispering) Well ... I really don't understand what the Prime Minister is thinking ...
Zhuge Liang: Don't worry, the enemy won't attack. Well, as long as everyone does as I say, nothing will happen, you
Soldier: The Prime Minister is really strange. Why not run away?
Soldier: Yes, is the Prime Minister a spy sent by the enemy?
Kong Ming: Send someone to hide all the banners, and 20 soldiers from each city sect will dress up as ordinary people and sprinkle water to sweep the streets.
At this time, Zhuge Liang took two children to the tower to watch the situation …
Zhuge Liang: Oh, this grand military look really aims to unify the whole world, and all the soldiers will be stronger than Ma Zhuang. It seems that this west side is really unstoppable.
(Zhuge Liang himself puts on a crane, a tall black silk scarf, leads two small poles, takes a piano, sits on the railing in front of the building, lights incense, and then plays the piano slowly. )
Zhuge Liang: Ha ha ha, relax.
Son: Prime Minister, Sima Yi's 150,000 troops are about to attack! How can I relax!
Zhuge Liang: So you don't believe in my ability?
Child: I dare not.
Zhuge Liang: Ha ha ha, don't be afraid. Let's take a look at this150,000 army!
(At this time, Sima Yi led a great army to prepare for the attack. )
(Sima Yi's vanguard troops arrived at the gate. Seeing this momentum, he dared not enter the city easily and quickly reported back to Sima Yi.)
Sima Yi: What, how is that possible?
Sima Yi: Tell the three armies to stop, and I will fly to watch.
Not far from the city, he really saw Zhuge Liang sitting on the rostrum, smiling, burning incense and playing the piano. On the left is an extremely bookish man with a sword in his hand; There is also an extremely young man on the right, with a dusting in his hand. Inside and outside the city gate, more than 20 ordinary people are sweeping their heads, and no one is watching. )
Sima Yi: (After reading it, I was puzzled and came to Zhong Jun. Let the rear army act as the front army, and the front army act as the rear army to retreat.
Soldier: But this is a good opportunity! We have150,000 troops!
Si Mazhao said: If there are no soldiers in Zhuge Liang's family, why did you do it on purpose? Father, I don't think Kong Ming has any soldiers. Why don't we go in there and kill him by surprise?
Sima Yi said, "No, Kong Ming has never taken any risks in his life, but today he opened the city gate. There must be an ambush. If our troops enter, they will be ambushed. Let me think (touch his lips). Let's retreat quickly! "
(So all the soldiers and horses retreated. )
(Sima Yi retreated in this way. )
Zhuge Liang: Ha ha ha, Sima Yi really retreated.
Civil servant: (admire) the Prime Minister is wise!
Soldier: Your honor, Sima Yi has retreated. They are fifteen miles away from the west side.
Civilian: Prime Minister, why did Sima Yi's army retreat?
Zhuge Liang: This is just a psychological tactic. Sima Yi is cautious and suspicious. We opened the gate so wide that we must have thought there would be an ambush and left.
Civil servant: Your Excellency is wise.
3. Is it true to comment on the story of "Empty City Plan"? In fact, the empty city plan mentioned in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms does not exist. Why? First, according to research, Sima Yi was living in Jingzhou, stationed in Wancheng, and was not in the rising tone battlefield at all, so there would definitely be no false plan of singing the rising tone.
Second, it is illogical. Why did Sima Yi dare not attack? He's just afraid of an ambush in the city. How many people can be ambushed in such a big city? He can send a reconnaissance company in to see if it's ok. If there is an ambush, I will lose dozens of people. Third, isn't Sima Yi already near the tower? Didn't you see him playing the piano there with a cool smile? Didn't you hear him play the piano fluently? He can hear clearly, so it's not far away. Can't you send an archer to shoot him down? Finally, the strength of the two sides is very different. Sima Yi has an army of 200,000. Why siege without fighting? Why did you leave? I think Sima Yi, with his cleverness, could not fail to think of these points. To sum up, the empty plan is a fictional story, and there is no such thing. 2 The main content of the empty city plan is 50 words. In the battle of Wei Shu, Sima Yi, the satrap of Wei Pingxi, seized the fortress street pavilion.
Zhuge Liang is blaming himself for improper employment because of Ma Su's carelessness. At this time, Sima Yi's army approached Xicheng. It's a pity that Zhuge Liang has sent troops outside and it is difficult to come back for a while. There are only some old and weak soldiers in the city.
At the time of crisis, Zhuge Liang sat in the city, drinking and playing the piano, and looked leisurely. Sima Yi Enemy at the Gates saw the gate wide open and several veterans sweeping the floor. Listen to Zhuge Liang playing the piano, calmly and calmly. He was too confused to rush into the city. He stepped back 20 miles to observe.
When the truth came out, Zhao Yun led the army and Sima Yi fell into Zhuge Liang's empty plan.
4. Comments on the Empty City Story During the Three Kingdoms Period, in the battle of Shu and Wei, Wei Pingxi's satrap Sima Yi seized the fortress street pavilion. Zhuge Liang is blaming himself for improper employment because of Ma Su's carelessness. At this time, Sima Yi's army approached Xicheng. It's a pity that Zhuge Liang has sent troops outside and it is difficult to come back for a while. There are only some old and weak soldiers in the city. During the crisis, Zhuge Liang sat in Chengtou drinking and playing the piano, looking very leisurely. Sima Yi Enemy at the Gates saw the gate wide open and several veterans sweeping the floor. Listen to Zhuge Liang playing the piano, calmly and calmly. He was too confused to rush into the city. He stepped back 20 miles to observe. After finding out the truth, Zhao Yunling led the troops, and Sima Yi fell into Zhuge Liang's empty plan.
Empty city stratagem is a kind of psychological warfare. When we are unable to defend the city, we deliberately expose the emptiness in our city to the enemy, which is the so-called "true is true, and empty is empty." When the enemy has doubts, he will hesitate. This is the so-called "doubt in doubt". The enemy is afraid of an ambush in the city and falling into an ambush. But this is an unresolved "adventure strategy". The key to using this plan is to clearly understand and master the psychological state and personality characteristics of enemy generals. Zhuge Liang used an empty plan to clear the gap, that is, he fully understood Sima Yi's cautious and suspicious personality before he dared to make such a risky strategy. Zhuge Liang's empty city plan is famous all over the world. Although this incident is a novelist's romance, in fact, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, there was an excellent example of using the empty city plan.
5. Rewriting "Empty City Plan" During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang lost his strategic position-street pavilion because of misuse of Ma Su, and Wei took advantage of Sima Yi's opportunity to lead the army 15. At that time, Zhuge Liang had no generals around him, only a group of civil servants and military commanders, and half of his 5 thousand army went to transport grain and grass. There are only 2500 soldiers left in this city. Everyone was shocked to hear that Sima Yi was coming with troops. After Zhuge Liang boarded the tower to watch, he said to them, "Don't panic. I can teach Sima Yi to retreat with a little trick." So Zhuge Liang ordered all the flags to be hidden and the soldiers to stay where they were. Anyone who goes out without permission or makes noise will be beheaded immediately. He also told the soldiers to open four doors. Sprinkle water to sweep the street. Zhuge Liang put on a crane himself, put on a tall black silk scarf, led two extremely young children, took a piano, sat down on the railing in front of the watchtower in the city, lit incense, and then slowly played the piano. Sima Yi's vanguard troops arrived at the gate, and they dared not enter the city easily, so they hurried back to report to Sima Yi. Hearing this, Sima Yi said with a smile. So he stopped the three armies and flew to watch. Not far from the city, he really saw Zhuge Liang sitting on the rostrum, smiling, burning incense and playing the piano. On the left, a bookboy is holding a sword. There is also an extremely boy on the right, with dust in his hand. Inside and outside the city gate, there are more than 20 people who look like ordinary people sweeping their heads, and no one is watching. Confused, Sima Yi came to Zhong Jun. In the future, the army will be the current army and the former army will retreat. Si Mazhao, his second son, said, "Is it because Zhuge Liang's family has no soldiers, so he deliberately made it like this? Father, why do you want to retire? " Sima Yi said, "Zhuge Liang was cautious all his life and never took risks. Now that the gate is wide open, there will be an ambush inside. If our army goes in, it will just fall into their trap. Let's retreat quickly! " So all the soldiers and horses retreated.
6. Rewriting "Empty City Plan" During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang lost his strategic location-Jieting, Wei took advantage of the situation and led the army/KLOC-0.5 million like Zhuge Liang's Xicheng. At that time, there were no generals around Zhuge Liang, only a group of civil servants and military commanders. Half of the 5,000 troops led by Zhuge Liang went to transport food and grass, leaving only 2,500 soldiers in the city. Everyone was shocked to hear that Sima Yi was coming with troops. After Zhuge Liang boarded the tower to watch, he said to the people, "Don't panic. I can teach Sima Yi to retreat a little. "
So Zhuge Liang ordered all the flags to be hidden, and the soldiers stayed where they were. If anyone goes out without permission or makes noise, they will be beheaded immediately. He also asked the soldiers to open four gates, and sent 20 soldiers above each gate to dress up as ordinary people and sprinkle water to sweep the street. Zhuge Liang put on a crane himself, put on a tall black silk scarf, led two extremely young children, took a piano, sat down on the railing in front of the watchtower in the city, lit incense, and then slowly played the piano.
Sima Yi's vanguard troops arrived at the gate. Seeing this momentum, they dared not enter the city easily and hurried back to report to Sima Yi. Upon hearing this, Sima Yi smiled and said, "How is this possible?" So he stopped the three armies and flew to watch. Not far from the city, he really saw Zhuge Liang sitting on the rostrum, smiling, burning incense and playing the piano. On the left is an extremely bookish man with a sword in his hand; There is also an extremely young man on the right, with a dusting in his hand. Inside and outside the city gate, more than 20 ordinary people are sweeping their heads, and no one is watching. After seeing it, Sima Yi was puzzled and went to Zhong Jun. In the future, the army will be the current army and the former army will retreat. Si Mazhao, the second son, said, "Zhuge Liang's family has no soldiers, so he did this on purpose? Father, why do you want to retire? " Sima Yi said: "Zhuge Liang was cautious all his life and never took risks. Now that the gate is wide open, there will be an ambush inside. If our army goes in, it will just fall into their trap. Or hurry back! " So all the soldiers and horses retreated.
7. The text of "Empty City Plan" has been rewritten into the characters in the first act of the script: Kong Ming, director, soldier, general, Sima Yi, Si Mazhao, and Sima Zhan (self-introduction) (curtain rises: actors appear one after another) Kong Ming: Haha! Hello, audience friends! Thank you all for coming all the way to watch the modern drama "Empty City Plan" and see my heroic spirit.
But I don't have time for a concert now. Please queue up for signature later. All right, all right, class, cut the crap. Let me introduce myself first.
Presumably, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms written by China's four ancient classical novels, I am the person you admire most! I am Zhuge Liang, because I have always been chic, civilized and modest, so I am called Director Kong Ming: Hey! Do you have that many lines? The sun is going down! Kong Ming: It seems that my speech can only stop here. Dear students, please don't keep me. I have work to do, good bay.
A soldier: Hello, everyone! I am the protagonist soldier in the script-the intelligence agent! Oh! At that time, I was a famous runner, who defeated the tortoise and the snail. "Bad luck! Despair! " Oh! By the way, I have something important to inform the boss! Let's go General: Hello! How's it going? Is my greeting cool? Hey! Needless to say, worship. As a general, I export English, hold a mobile phone, wear a gold shirt and run with my feet! ..... no, no! On the battlefield, hey ... (wiping sweat) Sima Yi: I don't need to introduce myself. Students can guess that I am the famous Sima Yi when they look at my handsome face! Ha ha! If I was born a few years later, I would be your idol. What's left of F 1 and F2?
Why go to war like this! (pretending to cry for a while) Hum! But this time, I have full confidence to overcome the "unknown hole"! Students! Please believe me! Si Mazhao: Hey! Today, I follow my father's work just to achieve something great. I'm afraid it won't give me a stage to display my talents. Ok, let's have a ballet ... huh? It's war, war, don't get me wrong! Oh! Sima Zhan: It's a pity that my mother gave me this look, and the camera was only a few times. The director is ignorant. Students, you should be bright. All personnel: Che (criticized for a while, retired) (behind the scenes) Character in the second act: Same as above. Prop: Mahjong Table Time: When and where to transport grain: Xicheng County (Kongming sent 2,500 soldiers to Xicheng County to carry grain and grass. He went to play mahjong with his men. Just as Kong Ming was having a good time, suddenly a soldier came and shouted: (Soldier: Bao, Prime Minister Kong ... (Kneeling with fists clenched) (Before he finished, Kong Ming said. )
Kong Ming said, Bold soldier, the Prime Minister is playing mahjong. Why are you making trouble and dragging it down? (Playing mahjong with both hands and looking angry) A soldier: Wrong, Sima Yi brought 150,000 soldiers to our army.
Kong Ming said; Ah! How did this happen? Why didn't you say so earlier? What should we do now (walk around). Suddenly I seem to understand something. I took out my cell phone and called the general. ) Kong Ming: Hello, is this the general? General: It's Kong Ming: Open the city gate quickly. Every city gate has twenty soldiers dressed as ordinary people to sweep it.
General: What's the matter? Kongming: Taiwei is coming to attack us. Oh, don't forget, don't make any noise. Chop it if you violate it. General: Yes, sir.
(Kongming kneels and shouts to the sky-) Kongming: God, please give me a hand, and I will give you a whole set of the latest paradise game machines. In an instant, "an arm" fell from the sky, and Kong Ming exclaimed.
Kong Ming: No, please help two fairies. (Then, the second Fairchild "flew", Kong Ming added. )
Kong Ming: Thank you, God. He quickly rode a Mercedes-Benz 2000 onto the platform, played the piano, and observed where Wei Jun was with a telescope, and finally stopped at a place 20 miles away from Kongming.
Sima Yi, Si Mazhao and Sima Zhan drove a Honda and came five miles away from Kongming. It turns out that there are not half soldiers in the city, only more than twenty ordinary people are sweeping the floor. On the rostrum, Kongming is playing the piano leisurely, with a bright smile on his face. There is a teenager on each side, Sima Yi thinks so (rolling his eyes). Sima Yi: Why is Kong Ming so carefree and there are no soldiers outside the door?
(Si Mazhao seems to see his father's thoughts. He said to his father. )
Si Mazhao: Father, I don't think Kong Ming has any soldiers. Why don't we go in there and kill him by surprise?
Sima Yi: No, Kong Ming was never careful in his life, but today he opened the city gate. There must be an ambush. If our troops enter, they will be ambushed. Let me see (touching his lips) Sima Yi: Ah! I thought of it (shouting, surrounded by Si Mazhao and Sima Zhan) (end of the second act) Third person: Same as above Location: Outside the city gate (curtain: Sima Zhan left in a hurry on a Honda, and after a while, Sima Zhan came back with a bag of things. Sima Yi saw it, rushed over, grabbed the bag and opened it. That's a robot mouse, asked. )
Sima Yi: Did you bring a powerful 600 million battery and a super shock-proof, ice-proof and electricity-proof motor? Sima Zhan: I brought them all.
Sima yi grinned. When Kong Ming found something was wrong, he picked up the telescope and saw a robot mouse. He took out his mobile phone and called the general. ) General: Hello, who is this? Kong Ming: It's me General: Me, who am I, am I crazy? Kong Ming: It's me. Don't be ridiculous.
Bring my super invincible mouse-catching cat, and don't forget to bring a super invincible motor and 10000000 battery, that's all. (He hangs up the phone.
After a while, before the general came, he saw Sima Yi come in to explore them, and Kong Ming thought. ) Kong Ming: Oh, my goodness, if the general doesn't come, our secret will be exposed.
(In these few seconds, Kong Ming thought a lot. At this critical moment, the general came, and Kong Ming grabbed the robot cat and began to control it. When the robot mouse was about to reach the door, he was shocked to see that the robot cat began to control it. When the master is still in control, I move forward, so it has to move forward. The robot cat rushed over and mingled with the robot mouse. After playing for a long time, the robot mouse lost, and one part. When Sima Yi left, he said, Kongming, I will come again.
One day in 2500, Zhuge Liang was enjoying flowers and drinking coke in the back garden. Suddenly, two guards rushed to Zhuge Liang and said, "The Prime Minister is not well ..." "Prime Minister, listen to me first.
Say ... ""You speak slowly one by one. " Zhuge Liang said. The first bodyguard said, "Prime Minister, the drumstick fort you ordered will not be delivered until evening because of the traffic jam on the road." "Ah bah you! You have such a little thing.
To report! Zhuge Liang replied angrily, "Don't blame me if you dare to do this again next time!" " "Yes!" "Well, what are you going to say?" Zhuge Liang asked. "The prime minister, I just learned from spies, often tasted jealousy, helped the Shanghai division.
Ma Yi's army attacked us in a Ferrari! "shrimp? ! He attacked for the fiftieth time this month, and he is back! " Zhuge Liang was surprised and said, "Well, I'll call Jiang Wei and Zhao right away.
Support. "Zhuge Liang made a phone call, but a woman's voice came from the phone:" You owe 5000 yuan for the phone bill now, please pay it as soon as possible! ""piss me off! ! ！” Zhuge Liang put the phone down hard.
The pipe was thrown into the phone and the phone was smashed in half at once! "It seems that I have to use my killer weapon-empty city plan!" So, some people put on suits and took away the stereos.
On the wall, Zhuge
Liang asked those people to dance "Mike jazz dance", picked up the receiver and sang loudly: "Sima thief, you are so stupid!" You are so stupid ... "Sima Yi flew into a rage." Somebody, get the gold Gatling machine gun quickly.
Shoot the wall! "Say that finish, thousands of bullets all hit the wall, zhuge liang said:" hide! "All the bullets hit the wall and no one was injured. Zhuge Liang was angry: "Give it to me. "
Throw a laser Grenade under the wall! "Everyone pulled out grenades, and Sima Yi saw it and said," Retreat! Fall back! Dead Taoist, wait and see, I will definitely come back! "He ran away, zhuge.
Liang smiled, threw away the toy Grenade in his hand and shouted loudly, "Sima thief, you coward!" " "Then he went on admiring the flowers.
Want to know what will happen, please look forward to the next modern version of the romance of the Three Kingdoms.
9. Write "Empty City Plan" 1, and the content "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" writes that Wei sent Sima Yi to attack the street kiosks in Shu, and Zhuge Liang sent Ma Su to station, which failed.
Sima Yi led the troops to attack Xicheng. Zhuge Liang had no soldiers to meet the enemy, but he was calm and calm. He opened the city gate wide and played the piano and sang on the rostrum himself. Sima Huaiyi suspected an ambush and led the troops to retreat.
2. Interpretation: refers to the clever strategy of covering up emptiness and deceiving the other party in an emergency. It is sometimes derogatory to cover up one's own strength to confuse or repel the other side.
3. The reason for success ① is due to the in-depth understanding and accurate analysis of the opposing coach. Know that Sima Yi is suspicious by nature.
(2) Zhuge Liang's courage and wit. (3) the empty plan was forced out, and it was "forced to do it", but it received miraculous results.
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