First, writing is not difficult.
Now many units report that there is a lack of people who can write materials. What do you mean you can write and what do you mean you can't write? I think the key question is whether to write or not. As long as you are willing to concentrate on your research, you are sure to write a good article. As we all know, everyone can speak. Writing is actually speaking, just a carefully prepared speech, which makes what you say more concise, more organized and more topical, and turns it into written words.
Comrades of the older generation all remember a text from middle school-"Midnight Cockcrow" written by Gao Yubao, a warrior writer. Gao Yubao has never read a book. After joining the army, he learned a few words and became a company correspondent. Because he doesn't know many words, he often sends wrong letters. However, it is such a person who has never been to a middle school but can provide model essays for all middle schools in the country, which shows that writing is not difficult, as long as you have the following five:
One is interested in writing. Anything, as long as you want to do it well, can exert great potential. Some people say that you can't write good materials because your brain is not good. In fact, human brain cells are almost tens of billions, and this resource is inexhaustible. Any mental worker can't use up a tenth in his life. As long as you are interested in it, you can develop your brain potential;
The second is to have real materials. Journalists call it having first-hand information. Many of us don't want to grasp the situation seriously, and as a result, we are stuck in the room thinking hard. It's certainly difficult to build a car behind closed doors.
The third is to have a distinct theme. It's what you want to express, you have to figure it out first. Gao Yubao tried to expose the greedy and exploitative nature of the landlord class through his bitter experience. The whole article is written around this theme, and the meaning to be expressed is very clear.
The fourth is that the language should be simple. It is precisely because he comes from the bottom of society and is not influenced by so many empty words and eight-part essays that the language used in the article is frank and sincere, which makes people feel vivid and appropriate.
The fifth is to have a little writing knowledge. Some people, after reading a few general writing books, can't write well even after graduating from the Chinese Department. Why? In fact, there has been a saying since ancient times-"False biography of thousands of books, true biography of a word." How to start an article, how to plan the layout of the article, and how to make the level and logic clear, you can find a wise man to do it in 20 minutes, or you can find a good article and try to figure it out several times.
Therefore, if you want to write a good article, don't treat it as a difficult thing, and don't treat it as an easy thing. You must work hard subjectively, so you can't do anything well.
Second, the basic requirements of the summary and investigation report
(1) summary
1, the concept of summary. Summary is a common document to judge advantages and disadvantages, improve rational understanding and guide future work through reviewing, analyzing and evaluating past work.
2, the characteristics of the summary. There are two.
The first is the self-nature of the content. That is to write about yourself, from the first-person perspective. Writing in someone else's tone makes you an investigation report or other report. It aims at objectively evaluating the experience and lessons of its own work activities, reviews its own work situation as the basic content, and takes the facts of its own work practice as the material.
The second is the theoretical nature of review. Summary should truthfully reflect their own work practice, not exaggerated. But summary is not a running account of work, but a summary of the nature of work practice. On the basis of reviewing the whole process of work practice, analyzing and studying, summarizing the laws that can reflect the essence of things, and raising perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge, this is the value of summary.
3. Classification of summaries
According to the different nature, summary can be divided into work summary, study summary and meeting summary.
According to the different scope, the summary can be divided into national summary, regional summary, departmental summary and undergraduate summary.
According to different time, summary can be divided into monthly summary, quarterly summary, annual summary or phased summary.
According to different contents, abstracts can be divided into comprehensive abstracts and thematic abstracts (such as information department abstracts or information department community digital abstracts).
4. The structure, content and writing method of the abstract.
Summary generally consists of three parts: title, text and ending.
(1) title. Generally speaking, there are two forms: one is official title; First, it is an unofficial title.
The title of the official document consists of the name, time, reason and language of the unit, such as "Summary of the 2004 election and training of neighborhood Committee cadres by Baiyun Street Community Construction Department" (that is, four W's) and "Summary of the propaganda work of Baiyun Street in the first half of 2004".
Unofficial appellation is more flexible, which can be double-line appellation or single-line appellation, such as "promoting talent exchange and cultivating talent resources"-some practices of Baiyun Street Organization.
(2) the text. Its structure consists of preface, text and ending.
The first is the preface. That is, the beginning of the text generally outlines the basic situation briefly, explains the background, points out the main idea or explains the results, and makes necessary preparations for the development of the main content. For example (the opening paragraph of "Three-month Summary" in Mao Xuan)
The second is the subject. This is the core part of the summary, including practice and experience, achievements and problems, experiences and lessons. This part requires a profound and thorough analysis of the causes, conditions, practices, roots and lessons of existing problems on the basis of a comprehensive review of the work, and reveals the things with regularity in the work. I suggest reading Chairman Mao's summary of fighting off the second anti-climax and his three-month summary. The review should be comprehensive and the analysis should be thorough.
The third is the ending. You can summarize the full text, explain the effect of good experience, and put forward the direction of future efforts or suggestions for improvement. (Still citing the example at the end of the three-month summary)
(3) tail. Including signature and time. If there is already a signature in the title, you can leave it here.
(2) Investigation report
1. Classification of investigation reports.
The first is a survey report summarizing typical experience. The research object must be an advanced model.
The second is the investigation report that reflects the situation. Such as: the living conditions of residents in the current jurisdiction, the quality of current government officials, etc.
The third is the investigation report of the exposure problem. Why can the underworld run amok here? How on earth was this army brought down?
2. Writing of investigation report. Generally, it consists of four parts: title, preface, text and ending.
(1) title. The title of the investigation report has many forms. Generally speaking, they can be divided into two types: one is single-line title and the other is double-line title. Single-line titles can be divided into official document title writing and general article title writing.
The advantage of using official document titles is that people can understand the object of investigation and the purpose of the investigation report at once, such as the investigation report on the current economic development and existing problems of Baiyun. However, the use of official document titles is easy to write too long and too plain, which is not conducive to inducing readers' desire to read.
Using the general article title writing method, the title can be long or short, serious and humorous, descriptive and flexible, so it is easy to write lively, interesting and eye-catching For example: "How do enterprises view the soft environment of Baiyun?" "Where is the crux of the unsatisfactory soft environment construction" and "Where is the difficulty in developing community industries?" And so on.
(2) Preface. Preface is the beginning of the investigation report, which can be used to explain the time, place, purpose, object and scope of the investigation; It can also be used to summarize the main contents and main gains of the investigation; It can also explain the background of the investigation and the conclusions drawn through the investigation.
(3) the subject. The main content is the backbone of an investigation report. The text is usually narrative-oriented, combining narrative with discussion, and focusing on the questions raised in the preface in turn.
(4) the end. The end of the investigation report is written in different ways, or a paragraph is used to supplement the relevant matters; Or, by the way, explain a problem. Or summarize the whole article and deepen the theme; Or point out the shortcomings of the investigation.
3. Write a survey report to master the "eight characteristics". (Remind me to remember)
First, write an investigation report and grasp the times in guiding ideology. For the ever-changing market economy and complicated social changes, writers should conform to the trend, update their concepts, master policies, and really play the role of think tanks.
The second is to write an investigation report and grasp the closeness of the topic. It is necessary to focus on service leadership decision-making and draw up topics around the central work and long-term strategic objectives of the Party Working Committee, that is, (1) select topics from the most meaningful new situations and new problems in the overall work; (2) Selecting topics from the problems that leaders are concerned about and urgently need to solve; (3) Choose topics from the tendentiousness and key issues in different periods.
The third is to write investigation reports, and the working methods should be flexible. (1) Carry out typical surveys and consciously conduct in-depth and detailed interviews and surveys with one or several representative units and individuals; (two) to carry out statistical investigation, through the systematic collection of various statistical data, investigation, analysis and research; (3) Conduct written investigation, that is, collect ready-made written materials and conduct comprehensive analysis and investigation; (4) Attend various meetings, such as comprehensive discussion and study.
The fourth is to write an investigation report, and the work style should be solid. We should go deep into the front line and directly grasp first-hand information through listening, asking, watching, observing and analyzing, rather than hearsay. Just like an old doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, if you can't even see the patient's face and don't care about his symptoms, you are not qualified to make irresponsible remarks about his pathology and treatment plan and prescribe drugs.
The fifth is to write an investigation report and grasp the extensiveness of the investigation scope. To investigate a matter or a subject, we should fully understand the situation, be good at listening to opinions from all sides and be good at collecting information from different angles. You can't make a blind eye and generalize (for example, in China's Social Class Analysis, all good and bad sports are put out, and then it is analyzed whether it is good or bad, and who is good or who is suffering);
Sixth, write an investigation report and master the advanced nature of thinking. For the tendentious problems that have not yet formed a climate but reflect the development trend and essence, and for the problems that the leaders have not considered clearly or paid attention to, it is necessary to conduct investigation and feedback in time or in advance, arouse the attention of the leaders and come up with specific solutions. In other words, we should not only study the present, but also study the long term.
Seventh, write an investigation report and grasp the quality of the investigation deeply. In the process of investigation and study, we should persist in looking at problems and studying things from a materialistic, dialectical and comprehensive point of view. We can't do things by subjectivism, let alone by feelings. If you want to do more thought-provoking things, it is meaningless to make a report that is too superficial.
Eighth, write an investigation report to grasp the authenticity of the content. Don't talk empty words, don't talk cliches, and don't cover up the truth and tell lies. We should realistically reflect the actual situation and correctly serve the decision-making of leaders. (To be continued)