1. The famous mathematician Hua Yu 1946 was hired to give lectures in the United States, which was highly valued by the academic community. At that time, the University of Illinois signed a lifelong faculty contract with him, with an annual salary of 1 10,000 dollars. Life in China suddenly became comfortable. He not only has a small building, but also has four assistants and a typist specially assigned to him by the university. After the founding of New China, some people always thought that China had become famous in the United States, lived a comfortable life and would never come back. However, material, money and status did not bind his patriotism. 1950 In February, Hua resolutely gave up the treatment of Professor Guo in the United States, broke through the blockade and returned to the motherland. When passing through Hong Kong, he wrote an open letter to students studying in the United States, expressing his enthusiasm for dedicating himself to the motherland. He warmly appealed: "For the sake of the country and the nation, we should go back!" "Although Chengdu is happy, it is better to go back to your hometown; Although Liangyuan is good, it is not a place to stay for a long time. "
Main achievements: China was the founder and pioneer of analytic number theory.
Famous saying: Work until the last moment of your life.
2. Li Siguang, a famous geologist, studied hard at Birmingham University in England for six years in his early years and obtained a master's degree in geology. His teacher, Professor Baldwin, advised him to continue his studies and return to China after obtaining his doctorate. Li Siguang declined the teacher's kindness. He replied, "No, I want to contribute what I have learned to my motherland as soon as possible." 1920 resumed work until 1937 when War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out. Later, when he went abroad, he insisted on going abroad for geological research. By 1950, he gave up the favorable conditions abroad and made a detour from England to return home when everything was in ruins in New China. As the geological minister of New China, he has made outstanding contributions to the petroleum industry in China.
Main achievements: The geomechanics theory was founded, which helped China get rid of the "poor oil" hat and contributed to the successful development of China's atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb.
3. After China's "father of the two bombs" Deng Jiaxian received his doctorate, the United States will give him good conditions and generous treatment, hoping that he can work in the United States for a long time. However, Deng Jiaxian did not waver in his determination to return to work because of his high official position and generous salary. 1950, he returned to the motherland with the ambition of serving the country and made outstanding contributions to the successful development of the "two bombs". They have made great contributions from the principle breakthrough and test success of atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs and their weaponization to the major principle breakthrough and development test of new nuclear weapons. As a major participant, his achievements have won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award and the special prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award; Deng Jiaxian is called "the father of China's atomic bomb".
4. Zhou Peiyuan, a famous contemporary physicist in China, was invited to participate in the research work of the American Wartime Science Research and Development Agency 1945. With the end of World War II, the U.S. Admiralty established a naval military industrial test station, hoping that Zhou Peiyuan would work in the station with good treatment. However, the Admiralty is a government department of the United States. When you work in a unit under the Admiralty, you become a civil servant of the United States government. Foreigners must join the United States to participate. Zhou Peiyuan immediately put forward three conditions to the US: First, not to join American citizenship; Second, only undertake temporary research tasks; Third, you can leave at any time. 1947 February, Zhou Peiyuan resolutely left the United States with his wife and children and returned to the embrace of the motherland. Academic achievements: laid the research foundation of two important aspects of basic physics theory, namely, Einstein's theory of gravity in general relativity and theory of turbulence in fluid mechanics; The important argument "coordinate correlation" in the theory of general relativity gravity is studied and preliminarily confirmed.
5. Qian Sanqiang, the founder of atomic energy science in China, went to France to study atomic theory in 1937, and was considered as the best scientific researcher by the young Curies. 1948, Qian Sanqiang and his wife He proposed to return to China, but their tutors and colleagues repeatedly persuaded them to stay. The ambassador of the Kuomintang government to France viciously threatened: "It is strange to see him on the mainland!" The meaning is clear. If Qian Sanqiang insists on going back to the motherland, the Kuomintang secret service will kill him halfway. Regardless of personal safety, regardless of his wife's life and death, Qian Sanqiang returned to the embrace of the motherland decisively and tactfully, and made great contributions to the development of atomic energy in China, and was known as the "father of atomic bombs" in China.
6. Known as "the father of modern rockets in China", Qian Xuesen is a famous expert in aerospace engineering and aerodynamics. He studied in America in his early years. Under the guidance of Professor Carmen, he made great progress in rocket research and made great contributions to the victory of anti-fascism. 1947, at the age of 36, Qian Xuesen was hired as a tenured professor by MIT. The good news of the founding of New China reached Qian Xuesen, who thought to himself, "I am from China. I can give up everything here, but I can't give up my motherland I should return to the motherland as soon as possible and contribute all my strength to building a new China. " In order to serve the new backward motherland, Qian Xuesen formally applied to his authorities for returning to China from 1950 in the United States. However, the American authorities tried every means to obstruct and persecute Qian Xuesen, confiscated all kinds of materials and books, slandered and framed him as a "spy", tried and imprisoned him, and detained him on an isolated island. After only half a month, he lost weight 14 kg. At that time, the American authorities claimed that Qian Xuesen would be provided with laboratories and equipment as usual as long as he gave up the idea of returning to China. However, Qian Xuesen would rather die than return to China and never gave in. After five years of hard work, under the cordial care of Premier Zhou Enlai, Qian Xuesen embarked on the journey of returning to China on September 6, 2007. After returning to China, Qian Xuesen made immortal contributions to the space industry in New China.
7. Su, a famous mathematician, studied in Japan in his early years and received his doctorate from 193 1. Many famous Japanese universities hired him with high salaries, but he wanted to study abroad in order to master science and serve the motherland, so he declined politely and resolutely returned to China. After returning to China, I taught at Zhejiang University, but I didn't get paid for four months in a row, and I was so poor that I didn't even have enough to eat. At that time, Imperial University of Japan also promised to leave him half a year's salary. Poverty cannot change patriotism, and Sue has no intention of going to Japan again. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Imperial University of Japan sent another telegram asking him to teach books. Out of national justice, he flatly refused: "I want to stay in my own country. No matter how poor the motherland is, I will fight for her and serve her! "
8. In order to support War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and drive the Japanese invaders out at an early date, Wang, a nuclear physicist in China, donated all the gold, silver and jewels in his family to the motherland. 196 1 year, when there was a serious natural disaster in China and money was in short supply, Wang, who was in the Soviet Union, gave his thrifty savings of140,000 rubles (about RMB 20,000 to RMB 30,000) to the Embassy of China in the Soviet Union for donation to the motherland and people. In 1982, Wang donated all the 3,000 yuan he won the first prize of National Natural Science to the primary school.
Main achievements: China is the main founder and pioneer of experimental nuclear physics, cosmic rays and elementary particle physics, and enjoys a high reputation in the world. Known as "the father of nuclear weapons in China" and "the father of atomic bombs in China". During his 70-year scientific research career, he struggled to climb and made many scientific achievements that attracted worldwide attention. 199865438+February 10 2 1:48, Wang died of illness in Beijing at the age of 9 1.