Pippin III, the first king of Caroline Dynasty.
Pippin III (7 14-768), the first king of Caroline Dynasty (75 1-768), was nicknamed Pippin.
The king doesn't care about political affairs, and the person who is really in power is not the king. Is this reasonable? -Pippin III asked the Pope for the crown of France.
Pipeline 3, nicknamed "dwarf" pipeline. 741-751is a courtier, and 751-768 is a king. As the founder of Caroline Dynasty in France, his historical legacy not only laid the foundation for his son Charlemagne to rule Western Europe, but also owned a papal state that lasted for more than 1 100 years.
Piping III's success is inseparable from his capable grandfather and great father. His grandfather, Gestal Piping, crowded out many fierce and cunning opponents and became the only palace in the court of Mei Tam dynasty. His father, Charlie the Hammer, further fought against the "lazy king" of the Morovian dynasty, which made the French princes awe. In 732, he led the earliest Crusade and defeated the Arab army trying to cross the Pyrenees into the hinterland of Europe, making him famous and becoming a hero of the whole Christian world. The conditions for "Hammer" Charlie to ascend to the throne of the king are ripe, but like Cao Cao of China, he left this task to his son.
But the difference between short piping and xelloss is that he also has a powerful brother-Carloman. After dividing up their father's territory, the Piping brothers worked closely together to establish a hermit, a descendant of Merovine family, as the last "lazy king", and together they destroyed big noble who was loyal to Merovine dynasty. But their cooperation is not out of brotherhood, but because of interests. In the end, neither brother wanted to share the whole country with the other. In the duel in 746, my brother won a great victory, and Carloman was forced to follow the monastery.
At this point, what Guan Zhong, the palace dwarf who monopolizes power, wants to do next is already "everyone knows Guan Zhong's heart". However, the usurpation of the throne in Europe is more troublesome. It can not be solved by the original king on a piece of paper, but also by the Pope. Fortunately, he met the Pope, who was constantly harassed by the northern barbarian Lombardy (a branch of Germanic people from Scandinavia's Novia Peninsula), just like a candle in the wind. The Pope needs the support of a powerful secular ruler, while Pippin the dwarf needs a name that only the Pope can give. The two sides hit it off, as expected.
In 75 1 year, Piping sent an envoy to see Pope Zaharias, saying, "Although King Frank belongs to the royal family and is the king, he actually has no power except to sign official documents. In other words, they have no right, they will only follow the instructions of the palace. " The Pope got the message, and in exchange for Frank's support for Lombardy's threat, he replied, "A man with real power should be king, which is better than a man in name only." Therefore, Pippin held a meeting in Soisson, solemnly announced the Pope's "decision", officially usurped the throne as king, and created the Carolingian Dynasty (75 1-987). The nobles held the piping high on the shield to show their support. Cardinal Bunifas smeared the pipeline with oil, put on a crown, and imprisoned Hildrake III, the last king of the Morovian dynasty, in a monastery. Traditionally, the king only needs the crown of the cardinal archbishop, but as the usurper and founder, it will be more convincing to be crowned by the Pope himself, and this beautiful thing will soon come to the door automatically.
In 753, Lombardy threatened Rome again. Stephen II, the new Pope, braved the snowstorm to cross the Alps to France, personally went to Kirsch to help Pippin elect, anointed Pippin with holy oil and crowned him personally, and announced that it was forbidden for anyone to elect a pope from other families. Offenders will be deprived of the clergy and excommunicated. In return, Pippin sent troops to Italy twice in 754 and 756 to defeat the Lombards, and presented the "Five Districts" between Lavaine and Rome to the Pope. This event has been praised by the Christian world for more than a thousand years. From then on, in central Italy, a papal state with theocracy existed for more than 1 100 years.
Piping is an indefatigable warrior and conqueror. His military operations have reached France, Italy, Germany, Spain and other countries today. In 748 and 753, the Saxony rebellion was put down twice, which laid the foundation for his son Charlemagne to finally conquer this area. The Bavarian uprising was suppressed in 749. He also occupied Septemania, south of the Pyrenees, and Narbonne, along the Mediterranean coast in southern France, and died of edema on his way home after conquering aquitaine in 768.
According to the tradition of Franks, Pepin divided the land he laid into two sons, Charlie and Carloman. After Carloman's early death, Charlie inherited all the territories, that is, Charlemagne.
The influence of pygmy Peiping on history first lies in the establishment of papal states. In the Middle Ages, the Pope was very popular, which was an important pole affecting the balance of political power in Europe. There is even such an event as "Canossa begging for mercy in the snow". In addition to the divine light of the pope, the material foundation of the "papal state" is more important. And because Pippin contributed to the establishment of a papal state, French monarchs in all previous dynasties claimed to be secular protectors of the Pope (of course, this was partly attributed to Pippin's son Charlemagne), so there were later avignon prisoners, and then there was a papal state with France as the background, which stopped the pace of revival.
Of course, Pippin, a short man, was listed among the influential emperors because he established the Carolingian dynasty, and his wars in the south and the north laid a solid foundation for his son Charlemagne to dominate Western Europe. Charlemagne's influence has been discussed in his own biography, so I won't go into details here. Piping III ranks 68th in this ranking.
Tip: The combination of Pippin, the short man and the Holy See was the most powerful and prestigious person at that time, the combination of the emerging military overlord and the traditional spiritual authority, which stood out in the chaotic European political order at that time. The combination of Germanic barbarian culture and Roman Christian culture formed the background of medieval European culture.