Non-academic paper format
1. Page setup: margin 2.8cm, bottom 2.5cm, left 3.0cm (binding line 0.5cm), right 2.5cm, footer1.5cm.
2. Cover format setting: font: No.4 Song, centered, and the signature of the instructor must be handwritten.
3. Title: Chinese, bold, third in the center; English, new Roman font for time 3, bold and centered. There is a blank line (small four) between the title and the abstract. 4. Summary:
(1) Chinese abstract and keyword (single-line spacing) abstract (No.5 bold, leaving two spaces): XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX (No.5 italics).
Keywords: XXXX, XXXX, xxxx, xxxx (italicized number 5).
(2) English abstracts and keywords (single-line spacing) (placed after references). There is a blank line between the reference and the English abstract.
Abstract: (Times New Roman font, No.5, bold, capitalized): xxxxxxxxxxxxXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX (Times New Roman font, No.5, bold, capitalized): XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXXXXX (Times New Roman font, No.5) 5. Text hierarchical format (blank line between keywords and text, small No.4) 1. (Bold number four, second box on the left)
Two spaces from the left of the text, using the fourth ditty (line spacing 1.5 times).
1. 1 XXXX (small four are bold, leaving two spaces, and the line spacing is 1.5 times). The third-level title is the same as the second-level title of Primary Four (the line spacing is 1.5 times).
6. Thank you (there is a blank line between the text and thank you, Xiao Si)
Acknowledgement (center, bold, bold, small four)
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7. Reference (there is a blank line between confirmation and reference, small four):
References (centered, bold, bold, small four)
Model essay on palace culture
On the Construction of Court Culture
About the author: Gao He, now Jiangxi Agricultural University; Cheng Zhijun is now the Intermediate People's Court of Yingtan City.
Under the background of building a well-off society in an all-round way, people's courts play a very important role in maintaining healthy, sustained and stable economic and social development. The construction of court culture is an important part of the construction of advanced socialist culture. It must be strengthened from all aspects, so that the court culture can become the firm belief and values of the members of the court group, and be integrated into the mind of every judge, so that he can consciously serve the people and safeguard the fundamental interests of the people.
Keywords court; Cultural development
With the further development of China's economy and society, the status of cultural construction is becoming more and more important. Five in one? An important part of. Court culture is an important part of China's advanced culture and an important part of court modernization. It is a belief and value formed by members of the court group in the long-term trial practice and management activities, and it is a humanistic environment of the court with the pursuit and realization of legal justice and efficiency as the core. [1] Therefore, strengthening the construction of court culture must become the knowledge of the majority of legal workers.
First, the current situation of court culture construction
Cultural construction plays an important role in court work. In their daily work, some courts often neglect cultural construction and fail to form a persistent consciousness, mainly in the following aspects:
1. Thought understanding is not in place
Some courts only pay attention to the trial of cases when there are many cases, but cultural construction has become a dispensable thing. Even if cultural construction is carried out, it is only a form of activities such as cultural performances, and there is no ideological understanding of the true connotation and significance of palace cultural construction. Lack of ideological understanding not only affects the good development of court culture construction, but also affects the overall image of the court, thus affecting the values of every judge. Some judges are prone to corruption, thus threatening the fundamental interests of the people and becoming sinners of the people.
2. System construction needs to be strengthened.
Many courts have not formulated a scientific system to regulate the construction of court culture, and the overall cultural taste of the court has not been improved, which leads to the incompatibility between the main culture of the court and the spiritual essence, and ultimately leads to the construction of court culture? Tangible but not real? . [2] The occurrence of this phenomenon has had a profound impact on the whole court system. If the system construction is neglected, it will be difficult to carry out the real construction of court culture, thus affecting the improvement of judges' comprehensive quality.
3. The comprehensive quality of judges needs to be improved.
As early as the 1990s, the quality of judges attracted wide attention. The decadent ideas such as money worship, hedonism and privilege among judges lead to the corruption of a few judicial personnel and unfair judgment, which directly damages the good image of judges among the people. The corruption of some judges in recent years is even more distressing. The existence of these phenomena will inevitably affect the good development of court culture construction, but also reflect that the court culture construction is not strong enough, which has exerted due influence on the comprehensive quality of judges in a subtle way.
4. The process of professionalization of judges is slow.
China has never regarded judges as a special profession, but as administrative officials or administrative officials, so they are no different from administrative officials in the source, training and selection of judges. Under the influence of this traditional concept, people who have never received formal legal training are full of leading positions in courts at all levels in China, and strange phenomena such as demobilized soldiers leaving military camps and entering courts abound. This makes it difficult for our courts to bear the burden of increasingly complicated social life? Settle the dispute and stop the dispute? The responsibility of maintaining social justice, not to mention judicial independence. [3] The development process of judge professionalization will inevitably affect the pace of court culture construction, and the judge's sense of judicial independence cannot be integrated into the court culture construction, which will affect the quality of his thinking and judging cases. Promoting the professionalization of judges is the need of the development of the times and the need of the people to better safeguard their own rights and interests.
Second, strengthen the construction of court culture.
The construction of court culture directly affects the long-term development and image of courts and judges in people's minds. Strengthening the construction of court culture is an inevitable trend.
1. Strengthen ideological and moral construction
First of all, the people's courts should strengthen the education of judges' ideals and beliefs, urge judges to form common values and goals, and enhance their sense of pride, mission and identity; Secondly, vigorously promote the professionalization of judges, form a judge-centered, classified management of all kinds of personnel, create a strong atmosphere of serving, respecting and supporting judges, and establish a sense of professional honor for judges; Third, pay attention to the professional ethics of judges, strengthen the study of judges' ideological and political theory, persist in using new attitudes and concepts, actively explore new ways and methods, maintain the vitality and vitality of ideological and political work, and deepen judges' understanding of court culture construction with advanced theories and excellent achievements. [4] Only in this way can we fundamentally change the understanding that courts and judges do not attach importance to the construction of court culture, thus attracting enough attention in thought, building a good court culture and contributing to the construction of advanced socialist culture.
2. Strengthen system construction
Strengthening the supervision of higher courts over lower courts should be comprehensive from ideological style to professional work; Strengthen the supervision of judges' judicial discipline, administrative discipline, judicial responsibility and financial discipline, and seriously investigate and deal with all kinds of violations of law and discipline by using judicial power; Strengthen external supervision and formulate corresponding norms, so that the external supervision of the people's congresses, procuratorial organs and the public can be institutionalized, programmed and legalized. [5] The construction of these systems is bound to help ensure the smooth development of court culture construction and help prevent the corruption of judges.
3. Vigorously improve the comprehensive quality of judges.
The comprehensive quality of judges directly affects the quality of judges' judgment, and vigorously improving the comprehensive quality of judges is the key to the construction of court culture. Mainly should do the following:
(1) Improve the cultural quality of judges.
Judge's cultural quality is an important part of judge's comprehensive quality and plays a fundamental role. The level of cultural quality is an important criterion to measure the comprehensive ability of judges, and good cultural quality will certainly help to shape their own good image. With the enhancement of people's legal awareness, the cultural quality of judges is increasingly demanding. They should not only have solid professional knowledge, but also have a wide range of other knowledge, which is helpful to improve their comprehensive quality and play their due role in the construction of court culture.
(2) Improve the political quality of judges.
Political quality includes political psychology, political knowledge, political values, political belief and political ability. It has the characteristics of class, comprehensiveness, relative stability and hierarchy. In class society, political quality is the core part of people's quality in all aspects, and the political quality of social subjects is an important symbol to measure the degree of social and political civilization. Judges should have certain political discernment and political acumen, so that justice can serve politics. [6] The political quality of each judge in the court also determines the direction of court culture construction. Improving the political quality of judges is helpful to ensure the development of court culture in the socialist direction.
(3) Improve the professional quality of judges.
Fundamentally speaking, the professional quality of judges directly determines the quality of judging cases. China's laws are mainly represented by written laws, which are often formulated in principle and cannot be specific to every corner, which also leads to the emergence of some cases in China? Legal blank? Or? Legal loopholes? . When applying the law, the judge does not copy the legal provisions completely mechanically, but interprets the law correctly according to the legislative intention, legal principles and spirit, thus filling the loopholes in the law. [7] Only judges with high professional quality can better safeguard the interests of ordinary people. Therefore, in the construction of court culture, it is necessary to improve the professional quality of judges, vigorously commend judges with good professional quality, and often publicize their achievements, which will fundamentally affect each judge's thinking of judging cases, so as to better ensure the trial effect of each case.
4. Vigorously promote the professionalization of judges.
The basic orientation of professional judges According to the Judges Law and the Supreme Court's opinions on strengthening the professionalization of judges, judges are only judges who exercise state judicial power according to law. Judges are not officials, but a group of jurists whose occupation is to exercise national judicial power. This professional group must have some quality requirements suitable for the professional particularity of judges, that is, they must receive special legal education and training, have unique professional thinking and strong neutral professional consciousness, have engaged in special legal practice, have rich legal work experience, noble professional ethics and independent professional status. [8] Only in this way can professional judges truly undertake the task of hearing cases, and truly do not wronged a good person and let go of a bad person. A core element of the construction of court culture is to publicize all kinds of theories and practical experiences to promote the professionalization of judges, and really promote the general trend of the professionalization of judges.
In addition, in the construction of court culture, we must really pay attention to the construction of some cultural infrastructure to provide a basic cultural atmosphere and support for the construction of court culture, which is also a basic task that cannot be ignored.
refer to
[1] Ma Yulong. Building an advanced court culture [J]. Shandong Trial, 2003 (6): 27-29.
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