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SOMI M/KOOC-0/93/KOOC-0/,also known as Somi KP/-3/KOOC-0/(KP is Konepistooli in Finnish, meaning "automatic pistol"), SOMI KP or SOMI M/3/KOOC-0/,are submachine guns designed by Finland during World War II. It was improved on the basis of M/22 and KP/-26, and 1925 came out.
"Somi" means "Finland" in Finnish, so sometimes M 193 1 is also called Finnish submachine gun. In modern times, many people thought that Somic /-3 1 was one of the most successful submachine guns in World War II, and its supporting 7 1 drum magazine was later favored by the Soviet Union, and it was copied and installed for PPD-40 and PPSh-4 1 submachine guns.
The accuracy of Somy is better than that of PPSh-4 1, one of the reasons is that the barrel of Somy is obviously longer. The firing rate and elasticity of Somy are similar to those of PPsh-4 1. The main disadvantage of SuomiKP/-3 1 is the high production cost, which leads to the Soviet Union's high-level production of KP/-44-PPS-43 copies, but Finnish PPS-43 can continue to use KP/-3 1 magazines and drums.
Design and history
The automatic mode of SOMI M 193 1 is a traditional free bolt machine, which can be played at any time. When shooting, the gun of traditional submachine gun moves back and forth with the bolt, while Somi M 193 1 is special in that it does not follow the handle to avoid the failure caused by sundries entering the gun bore.
The manufacturers of M/22 and KP/-26 are KonepistooliOy (Finnish "submachine gun company") founded by gun designers Emo Lahti, Captain V Kopera, Captain Y Koshkinen and Captain L Boye-Spoof. The designers of Somi M 193 1 are Koshkinen and Lahti.
193 1 year, Somi M 193 1 was officially put into mass production in TikkakoskiOy, and most of it was purchased by the Finnish Defence Force. By the beginning of the Sufen War, the Finnish Defence Force had equipped about 4,000 somi M 193 1. During the war, the muzzle brake was added to the design of M 193 1, and the length of the gun body was increased by 55 mm
The new model is called KP/-3 1SJR (Suujaru, meaning "muzzle braking"). However, Emo Lahti is not interested in this model, because he thinks it will not reduce the reliability of this gun. In the end, about half of the people who served in the Finnish army were SJR.
At first, SOMI M 193 1 was used to replace the light machine gun, but it proved to be incompetent for this role. During the war, an infantry squad of the Finnish army is usually equipped with an M 193 1 and a light machine gun (usually the captured Degalev light machine gun). By 1943, each class is equipped with two M 193 1. The Finnish army originally planned to distribute the third M 193 1 to each class, but this plan was suspended with the end of the war.
194 1 year, the manufacturer also produced a small number (only 500 pieces were produced by one * * * *) of bunker-type Somi M 193 1, and its protective wood was made very thin, which was convenient for shooting from narrow shooting holes. This one is out of stock, and the grip has been changed to pistol type.
There is also a rarer model, which is installed on the 6-ton light tank of Vexcor as the second weapon. However, before the Soviet-Finnish war led to the cancellation of orders, only a few dozen units of this model were produced. As the captured Degalev light machine gun was found to be more competent for this purpose, this model was never produced again.
Like the bunker model, this model also uses a pistol grip. If necessary, the barrel can be quickly removed from the tank and replaced by infantry. In the 1980s, this model was still in stock in the arsenal of the Finnish Army, although the supporting tanks were retired on 1959. Probably even Fenjun himself forgot that he had such a submachine gun in his warehouse.
Sweden, Denmark and Switzerland also used licenses to produce M 193 1. M 193 1 in Switzerland is called MP43/44 in Spain and Switzerland. Tanks and bunkers are only produced in Finland. In 2009, the semi-automatic version of M 193 1 was sold to the public in the United States. This version has lengthened the barrel and replaced the gun body to comply with the US National Gun Act.
Many people think that Somy M 193 1 is one of the successful submachine guns during World War II, and some of its features (such as 7 1 ammunition barrel) have been imitated by Soviet PPD-40 and PPSh-4 1 submachine guns. Because of the long barrel and excellent workmanship, its accuracy is higher than that of mass production PPSh-4 1, and its firing rate and loading amount are the same as PPSh-4 1. Its biggest disadvantage lies in its high production cost.
M 193 1 is made of Swedish high-quality chrome-nickel steel, which is made according to the standard of sniper rifle, which is labor-consuming and time-consuming.
1932, the number of M 193 1 submachine guns was about 1, 1 400 in 1934, and 1939.
It is worth noting that the PPD submachine gun was conceived from 1929 and several prototypes were made. The prototype of the final production version was built by 1932 and participated in the bidding, so it is impossible for PPD to refer to the internal design of KP/-3 1 almost at the same time. Only model 1938 began to change from magazine to KP/-3 1 drum.
The operating mechanism of PPD and later PPSh submachine guns are all free recoil rifles with reference to MP 18, which are close to German MP 18 submachine guns, but have nothing to do with KP/-3 1 at all, but are slightly similar in appearance.
Somi tactics
At first, the Finnish military leader hoped that KP/-3 1 could completely replace the light machine gun, but the subsequent actual combat proved that she just couldn't do it. Therefore, through repeated experiments, the soldiers developed the most suitable combat mode for Somy. When the war continued, the Finnish squad was changed to include KP/-3 1 and light machine guns (usually DegtyaryovDP captured) in each infantry squad.
By 1943, each team has increased to two KP/-3 1. Later, the Finnish army planned to let each team have three somi submachine guns, but this plan was abandoned in 1944.
sales status
During the Spanish Civil War, Finland sold somi submachine guns to the two armies. Estonia, France and Poland bought a small number of somi submachine guns before the outbreak of World War II. After World War II, Germany, Bulgaria and Croatia bought some more. The German Norwegian Army and the Finnish SS got KP/-3 1 in Finland. In order to simplify the logistics, the Germans created a magazine adapter, so that K/-3 1 can use MP38/MP40 magazines.
Finland has a production license and can sell somi submachine guns to various countries. For example, in Sweden, after they bought the production rights of Somi, they manufactured M37 with a short barrel of 8.4 inches [2 13mm] and used 9x20mmSR bullets. The magazine looks a little backward when it is inserted into the gun. The biggest feature of Somy in Sweden is the use of 56 four-row "coffin" magazines.
They later adopted the redesigned HusquarnaKpistM37/39, used 9x 19 pistol bullets, and the barrel length was 3 14 mm, and ate four rows of 50 "coffin" magazines.
Weight: 4.6 kg (about 10. 14 lb)
Length; 870mm (34.3 inches), 925mm (36.4 inches, SJR), 740mm (29. 1 inch, bunker type).
Barrel length: 3 14 mm (12.4 inches)
Bullet: 9×19mm Parabellum pistol.
Lathe: direct recoil, open blow.
Launching mode: semi-automatic and fully automatic.
Fire rate: 750-900 rounds per minute.
Initial velocity: 396 m/s (1.299 ft/s)
Effective range: about 200 meters.
Maximum range: over 500 meters
Ammunition supply mode: 20, 36, 40 or 50 detachable magazines, 7 1 detachable drum.
Sight: sheet sight and arc seat adjustable gauge.