Peking University was founded in 1898

Peking University was founded in 1898 on the occasion of the Reform and Reform. It was first named Capital University and was the first national comprehensive university in modern China. It is also the country's highest educational administrative agency. In 1912 it was changed to National Peking University. It moved to Changsha in 1937 and formed the National Changsha Temporary University with National Tsinghua University and private Nankai University. It moved to Kunming in 1938 and was renamed National Southwest Associated University.

In June 1898, Emperor Guangxu promulgated the "Edict of Ming Dynasty" to implement the "1898 Reform". The edict emphasized that "the Capital University is an initiative of all provinces and should be held first." On July 3, Emperor Guangxu approved the "Regulations of the Capital University Hall" drafted by Liang Qichao, officially established the Capital University Hall, and appointed Sun Jia Nai, the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel and co-organizer of the university, as the first minister of management of the University Hall (Minister of Management and Science). ), Xu Jingcheng was appointed as the chief teacher of the middle school, and American missionary Ding Hailiang was appointed as the chief teacher of Western Studies. On September 21, Empress Dowager Cixi and the conservatives launched the 1898 Coup, and the Hundred Days Reform failed. However, the Imperial University Hall was preserved. The Capital University was the highest institution of higher education and the highest educational administrative agency in China at that time. Some scholars believe that it was the first new university officially established in modern China. The establishment of the Capital University was of epoch-making significance in the modern history of China, marking the beginning of modern higher education in China. The Capital University reformed the old imperial examination system and formulated a new academic charter, with the purpose of "correcting the trend and cultivating general talents". The teaching content emphasized "Chinese body and Western application" and "equal emphasis on Chinese and Western skills". At the beginning of its establishment, it exercised dual functions. It was not only the highest institution of higher learning in the country, but also the highest educational administrative agency in the country, with jurisdiction over all provincial schools.