The invalid parameter is a crash caused by the hard disk.
The crash caused by the hard disk is easy to judge. Generally, the hard disk sounds that can crash are basically wrong, and there will be some abnormal sounds, and the crash usually occurs when reading and writing a large amount of data. Moreover, it is very likely that there will be a blue screen phenomenon and the hard disk can't be found at startup or the system can't start to prompt for file loss. This is a little different from memory, because the blue screen is not very frequent.
If there is something wrong with the graphics card, it is more likely to restart it when it is open. The crash caused by the graphics card is usually accompanied by the phenomenon of screen display.