The front of the $5 coupon (1995, 1999) is a portrait of abraham lincoln (1865), the 6th president who abolished American slavery. On the back is the Lincoln Memorial in Washington.

Dollar history:

1 and 1792, the US dollar formed a currency area in the colony of 13. At that time, the United States was only a country with a population of 4 million. By the end of 19, it has become the most powerful country in the world. By the time the First World War broke out in 19 14, the economic aggregate of the United States was already larger than that of the other three largest countries: Britain, Germany, France, and even the sum of them, which made the status of the US dollar increasingly prominent. During World War I, gold from European countries flowed into the United States to buy war materials. The Federal Reserve Bank of the United States used these gold as legal tender, which led to inflation.

2. From 19 14 to 1920, the price level in the United States nearly doubled. Later, the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States decided to control inflation and tried to restore the price to its original level. Then came the period of deflation, when the price level dropped from 200 to 1920 in one year, which was the biggest deflation in American history.

3. Although the 35 years of the gold standard system is the "golden age" for the prosperity of liberal capitalism, the fixed exchange rate system has the advantages of ensuring the security of international trade and credit, facilitating the accounting of production costs and avoiding international investment risks. To some extent, it has promoted the development of international trade and investment.

However, the strict fixed exchange rate system makes it difficult for countries to implement favorable monetary policies according to their own economic development needs, which greatly restricts economic growth. During World War II, the international monetary system became more chaotic. In order to solve this chaotic situation, 1943, US Treasury official White and British Treasury consultant Keynes designed the post-war international monetary and financial system from their own interests, and put forward two different schemes, namely "White Scheme" and "Keynes Scheme".

5. The "White Plan" advocates that all countries cancel foreign exchange control and restrictions on international capital transfer, and establish an international stability fund to issue an international currency, so that the currencies of all countries can maintain a fixed parity with them, that is, the fund currency is linked to the US dollar and gold. The currencies of member countries should maintain a fixed parity with UNITA, and the currencies of member countries should not depreciate without the approval of three-quarters of the voting rights of IMF member countries. Based on the shortage of gold reserves in Britain at that time, the "Keynesian Plan" advocated the establishment of a world central bank to transfer the creditor's rights and debts of various countries through its deposit accounts for liquidation.

6. At the end of World War II, Italy has surrendered, Germany has turned to the eastern strategic defense, Japan has lost the ability to fight large-scale battles in the Pacific region, and their domestic economy is close to collapse; The economic strength of Britain and France was also seriously damaged in the war; The situation in the Soviet Union is the same as that in Britain and France. Before the third five-year plan was completed, it was invaded by fascist Nazi Germany. Only the United States made a fortune in the war and achieved unprecedented economic development.

7. Gold keeps flowing into the United States. The GNP of the United States accounts for 60% of the GNP of all capitalist countries in 1945. The gold reserves of the United States increased from 145 1 billion dollars in 1945 to 20.08 billion dollars in 1945, accounting for 59% of the world's gold reserves. In this situation, an international monetary system centered on the US dollar was formed after World War II.

8. 1944 In July, on the eve of the imminent victory of World War II, the 44 allies in World War II, under the organization of the Bretton Woods in the United States, held a "International Monetary and Financial Conference of the Allies and Allies" with 730 participants in a hotel in forest village, New Hampshire, USA. The agreement of the International Monetary Fund and the agreement of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, collectively known as the Bretton Woods Agreement, were adopted on the basis of the White Plan put forward by White, assistant to the US Treasury Secretary, and the Bretton Woods system began.

9. This dominant position of the US dollar in the international monetary system has brought great benefits to the United States.