General reporters will prepare an interview outline before going to interview. If you want to answer the question of how to write an interview outline. I think the first thing to answer is what is the interview outline.
To put it bluntly, an interview outline simply lists some questions you want the interviewee to answer. These questions are not simple, but dry lists. What is needed is your understanding of him.
First, determine the topic of the interview.
Generally, a newspaper office has already determined the interview topic before sending a reporter to interview, and what the reporter needs to do is to conduct relevant background investigation around the topic, browse the information quickly and be confident.
I remember that when interviewing why China culture should take the road of innovation, I read a whole afternoon's report on cultural innovation. I always think that journalists should know this better than the interviewees. Although you can't become an expert, you can become a semi-expert through fast charging, otherwise many people may be lost during the interview.
Second, be familiar with the information of the interviewee.
For example, if you are interviewing someone in an event, you need to know what happened to this person and make a comprehensive investigation, such as his own experience, what kind of school he went to, what kind of personality and what kind of work style he had. What happened to him recently ... It should be noted that some information may not be used by reporters at all, but I don't think it's easy to say. In fact, the interview process is just like keeping up with the battlefield, and it also pays attention to knowing yourself and knowing yourself.
Third, have a deep understanding of the interview background.
If you are interviewing an event, you also need to do some research on it first. How to investigate? Need to read a lot of information. You can watch the replay of the event on TV, and you need to watch other media reports on it from different angles. Different media will report from different angles. At the same time, you should make a summary of the interviews and reports of different media, what they expressed, what their views were, how the interviewee answered these questions, and whether his answers were always unified, that is to say, you should understand his inner feelings from his answers. To memorize this event, you need to understand the relationship between these characters in the event, and then stand closer to see if there is anything missing. Is there anything you don't understand? These are all the questions you need to ask in this interview.
Fourth, sort out the clues
Through the understanding of interviewees and interview events, this paper sorts out some formed views and opinions, as well as those that have not yet been formed, and looks for the clues of this interview, that is, the breakthrough.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) design problem
Design problems through understanding people and things and arranging clues. It should be noted that the design of the problem needs to be closely related, not scattered. The interview is an assembly line, and what reporters need to do is to get off this assembly line. What is downward is to dig deep into the essence of the event and try to get the participants of the event to tell people what the event is and what kind of effect he wants to receive. Let readers feel that they have gained something after reading it. If your readers feel puzzled after reading it, it is a good proof that you failed in the interview. In fact, it failed from the source, because your problem design is unreasonable.
6. List your problems.
After designing the questions, you can list your questions on paper. After listing, you need to read your interview outline again to see if there are any loopholes.
Seven. others
The above are all preparations before the interview, and the key lies in the interview process. During the interview, you will find that sometimes your interviewee doesn't follow your ideas as you think. What should I do? It doesn't matter, just follow his thoughts. What journalists need to grasp is that the interview theme does not deviate, and at the same time, they should pay attention to finding clues during the interview. Maybe you didn't find this clue in the preparation of the previous interview, and other newspapers didn't mention it. At this time, your interviewee said that you need to pursue it. While completing the news interview theme, you also get news that others haven't noticed before. ...& gt& gt
Question 2: How to write an interview outline?
Interview is a convenient and effective communication method and skill in public relations activities. It is beneficial to the leadership of the organization.
Or other personnel face the information transmitted to the public and recover all kinds of information fed back by the public in time, especially for the convenience of continuously accepting the "interference" of all kinds of feedback information on the spot while releasing information, and quickly.
It is necessary to adjust the information to be released and the angle of release in time, actively influence the public relations activities of the organization, and make the public and the organization exchange opinions, communicate with each other, influence each other and promote each other in a more harmonious atmosphere.
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Talking about this form can give full play to the interview ability of organizational leaders, so that their agile thinking, profound knowledge, sophisticated insight and interesting and beautiful expressive force can be presented to the public at the same time, forming a unique side.
Charm. While impressing and conquering the public with * * * and talent, we should persuade the public artistically, induce the public to unite and make efforts to make progress in a direction conducive to the organization. Interview is an effective way to enhance the transparency of organizational work.
The interview format is very flexible and available at any time. Frequent interviews are conducive to regular two-way communication and information exchange between organizations and the public, and are conducive to finding contradictions and problems in time and solving them in the bud.
(A) the writing requirements of the interview outline
1. Exercise and get familiar with the public.
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The outline should be written before the formal public interview, which is the basic guarantee for the success of the interview. The basis of writing an interview outline is an in-depth investigation and understanding of a specific public, such as their mentality and their reality.
Interests and related requirements, possible problems and the scope of problems involved. , should be thoroughly and carefully understood. On this basis, formulate various questions (simulate public questions), and then follow the
Write down the main points of answering the above questions in the interview. In this way, we can overlap and echo the questions raised by the public at the scene to the greatest extent, and it may be a feasible interview outline.
2. The outline is more than enough.
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Generally speaking, the outline is only reserved for the interview. Therefore, the answer to the simulation questions can only be based on the outline, clearly point out the main points through the items, form an outline by linking the main points, and let the main points dominate the interview.
Scope, which is the main feature of the interview outline. Only in this way can you handle the interview with ease and ease. The interview outline can't be written into a specific interview on the spot, and the interviewer can't predict the specific situation of the scene and the public.
Therefore, all specific questions should only be marked according to the project, so as to cover and guide the scope of public questions and their answers as widely as possible. Change with constancy, and prepare the scene with outline.
Use, which requires active interviewers to pay attention to improvisation, fully mobilize their coping potential, improvise on the basis of the interview outline, be sensitive, flexible and eclectic. (qb5200 and on the spot.
The basis of tension and exertion lies in in in-depth investigation and study at ordinary times and efforts to predict in advance. For people who are interested in public relations, the interview outline is always in their own minds, and it is usually well thought out.
For a long time, I was able to "be calm in every interview" without panicking on the spot and calmly answering.
(B) the writing of the interview outline
The interview outline first requires that all kinds of simulation questions obtained through investigation and prediction be drawn up, that is, questions that the public may ask. These problems should be classified and arranged together according to categories. In each category, they are arranged from deep to shallow and from big to small.
Then think about these problems one by one. If you are mature enough to answer questions, you don't need to write a written outline. For those questions that are not sure to be answered well, or can only be answered by looking for relevant information, we must write the key points on the outline, and it is best to briefly indicate the key points and their main information or sources with serial codes.
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Attention should be paid to the following points in the outline: ① The main points of answering questions must be marked immediately after answering questions, so as to answer questions on the spot. (2) In the outline, it is best to mark the key and important figures involved in detail.
Ming, in order to interview accurately and reliably. (3) In the interview, questions and matters that are never allowed to be answered, if you are not sure about them, you must mark them in the outline. For example, within their responsibilities, business ... >>
Question 3: How to write the telephone interview outline can also include two aspects, one is the interview plan, and the other is the survey outline. The so-called interview plan refers to the general steps and methods of activities, determining the list of departments and personnel to be interviewed and their sequence, imagining what topics to write, how many words to write, and the cycle of collection and writing. The so-called survey outline refers to the details of the outline to be asked.
Question 4: How to write the interview outline 1, the topic of the interview. 2. Understand the basic situation and main achievements of the interviewee. 3. The attention of the audience. 4. Interview method. 5. interview entry point.
Question 5: How to write an interview outline? Draw up a comprehensive, in-depth and clear interview outline. The interview outline is the embodiment of journalists' logical thinking and thinking level. A good interview outline can help reporters strengthen their confidence, stay calm in the face of adversity, take the initiative in the interview and make the interview get perfect results. Du Junfei mentioned in the book "Principles of In-depth Reporting" that Lalu, a journalism professor in Nevada, USA? Gillan introduced the auxiliary formula of design questions when drafting the interview outline, which has certain guiding significance. He reminded reporters that when designing problems, the following specific issues should be involved:
Goals-What are your (or your organization's) goals?
Obstacles-Do you have any problems? What is the current resistance?
Solution-How do you deal with these problems? Is there a solution to the contradiction?
When did this idea begin? Whose opinion is it based on?
Of course, the drafting of the interview outline also has a great relationship with the reporter's own interview habits and communication methods, but it is more important to ensure the uniqueness, accuracy, coherence, creativity and fascination of the question.
After all, the interview is nothing more than a lively and thoughtful conversation. Specific questioning skills include:
1, get to the point and get to the point. This method is to ask some difficult and closely related questions at the beginning, and then expand them into more general questions. Suitable for interviewing people who are good at words, quick thinking and confident. Cut to the chase will make the other person feel that you are frank and efficient, and cut to the chase will make the other person feel that you know what to do and are worth talking to.
2, from shallow to deep, ask questions and explore unknown details. In-depth reporting has many sharp problems, and sometimes it is inevitable for reporters to hit a wall. The interviewee is either nervous, evasive and irrelevant, or deliberately refuses, evasive and perfunctory. This requires reporters to have the perseverance and skills to ask questions. You can first use some broad topics to ease the atmosphere and gradually introduce topics; Or beat about the bush, trace back to the source, and lead to unknown details.
3. Inductive questions will lead to vivid and convincing dialogues. In leading questions, the interviewee should be sensitive and willing to argue, while the reporter should grasp the opportunity of conversation and induce the other party to give a positive answer with tone, intonation or wording. What kind of results will be produced by leading questions depends on the harmonious relationship between journalists and interviewees. Because leading questions can easily make the conversation uncompromising, but as long as a harmonious relationship is maintained, it may lead to unexpected truth.
4. Moderate silence. Silence is also an important skill in in-depth reporting, because most of the questions in in-depth reporting are targeted, targeted and exclusive, and it is necessary to leave time for the interviewee to think and explain the questions. Smart reporters generally don't interrupt the interviewees, so they may get direct questions that they can't get. Keeping a straight face is sometimes just as effective. Mike, a famous American TV presenter? Wallace said: "I found that the most interesting thing in TV interview is to ask a beautiful question, then wait for the other person to answer and then be silent for three or four seconds, as if you were still expecting more answers from him." Do you know what will happen? The other person will feel a little embarrassed and talk to you about more things. "
Be good at observing and listening, and capture the facts that can't be revealed in the interview question and answer. Ai Feng reminded all reporters "don't forget to bring your eyes and ears when interviewing". We emphasize observation and listening, because in-depth reports and interviews require the full commitment of journalists. Many little-known truths and precious news facts are perceived by journalists by mobilizing all their senses, including their hearts.
(1) Choose a suitable perspective for detailed observation. This perspective may refer to a macroscopic and holistic perspective to grasp the relationship between things; It may also refer to the reporter's personal feelings and thoughts; It may also refer to the microscopic perspective when observing on the spot. In short, the correct perspective and careful observation will enable journalists to obtain accurate, direct and distinctive information.
(2) Be a careful listener. In Contemporary News, Kuang Yunmiao pointed out that a journalist, especially an experienced journalist, should be the best listener, not a chatterbox. Indeed, journalists who are good at listening are often more likely to reap rich results and communicate with the interviewees more easily. The fleeting news clues and the implied meaning of the interviewee will be discovered because of your intentional listening, and the understanding of news facts may be closer to its true colors.
Specific requirements for the interview:
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Question 6: What kind of interview is the model essay of interview outline format? Interview outline of the general staff 1. Please talk about your department and yourself. 1. What are the specific functions of your department? Department personnel (several people, source of personnel, age, major, occupational structure), what are the problems in this regard? (shortage or surplus of personnel, personnel quality does not meet the post requirements, etc.). 2. What is your specific job? Do you think there is something unreasonable about the work arrangement? Why? 3. What is the cooperative relationship between the staff in this department? Do you need a lot of coordination? What's the problem? 4. Do you cooperate with people from other departments in your work? How to coordinate in daily work? What are the problems? Is the coordination between you done by yourself or must you go through your respective leaders? 5. In your department, what work can be decided by yourself, what work is decided by the department head or the vice president in charge, what work must be decided by the top leader and what work must be decided by the leading group? Do you think this is inconvenient or unreasonable? 6. Do you think it is unfair to the promotion, salary and benefits, office environment and other issues of this department and other departments within the company? Or other unfair phenomena? First of all, you talk about your thoughts on the human resource management of the company and my department. (1) Personnel planning and allocation 1. What do you think of the current situation of human resource management in the company? 2. Do you think it is necessary to reform or reshape the company's human resource management? Why? 3. Is there a human resource planning based on the company's long-term development strategy and business strategy? Who did this? 4. Does the allocation of existing human resources match the long-term development of the company (employee age, turnover rate and quality)? 5. Are the functions of the Human Resources Department fully exerted, and are the Human Resources Department fully communicated with other departments, and how? What are the responsibilities and authorities of the line department and the human resources department? 6. What is the turnover rate? What are the reasons for personnel turnover? (Transfer in or out) 7. Is there anyone in charge of recruitment planning and recruitment? 8. Relationship between the recruitment team and the employing department: Does the recruitment work serve the demand, and is it based on the position or the position? What is the basis for determining the demand when the employer puts forward the demand? How does the recruitment department work? Who's in charge? 9. recruitment procedures? 10. recruitment sources and methods: other channels such as college recruitment, society, recommendation and headhunting? 1 1. Do any employees think that recruitment and work arrangement are unfair? In this regard, what do you think is unfair within the company? 12. recruitment standards, whether there are perfect standards, who will make the standards, and whether to recruit people according to job requirements and personnel quality requirements? 13. Is there any assessment and feedback on recruitment? 14. Do you consider personal characteristics, wishes and professional expertise in work arrangement and transfer? 15. What are the opportunities for employees to transfer between different departments and positions within the company? Does the company provide opportunities for employees to develop various abilities at this stage (such as overseas study, job exchange, employee training, etc.)? )? (ii) Training and development 16. Does the company have a training plan? 17. What kind of training are there, such as new employee training, on-the-job employee training, middle and senior management training, and foreign customer training? 18. Is there a training system, training funds and sources of trainers and teachers? 19. Does the company have a training evaluation and feedback system and means? 20. Do you think it is necessary to train employees at all levels? How much impact does it have on the development of our company? 2 1. Does the company have an appointment (or appointment) system for managers now? 22. What are the criteria for appointing managers? 23. Promotion system. Does the company have several runways such as management, technology and marketing at the same time? 24. Do some employees think it is unfair to promote their positions? In this regard, what do you think is unfair within the company? 25. Is there any career guidance for employees in career planning? 26. Have any unqualified employees been eliminated? (3) Assessment and evaluation. Is there a complete assessment system and system? 28. What are the independent assessment methods for R&D and sales staff, and what are their effects? 29. Which department is responsible for the implementation of the assessment, who are the participants, and how to formulate the assessment cycle and assessment standards? 30. Are the assessment results fed back to individuals and linked to salary and promotion? 3 1. How do employees react to evaluation, satisfaction and fairness? (4) Wages and rewards. Are employees at all levels satisfied with the company's current treatment? Mainly talk about yourself and others ... >>
Question 7: How to write a summary of the conversation? 1. First, prepare the previous conversation notes and any related documents. You must know roughly what the topic of the conversation is. You can consider using a tape recorder.
2. Try to sit next to the paid boss or chairman. Doing so will allow you to get clarification from the boss/chairman in an uncertain situation.
Write down the date, time, place and company name.
If it is a company meeting, you can give them a list of participants prepared in advance to sign. It's better to sign your names in sequence, so that you can determine who will speak at the meeting. You must write down who is late or leaves early. In this way, you can briefly tell these people what he missed after the meeting.
5. Write down all the items to be said one by one in order.
6. Write down all the decisions and who triggered them. Write down who is for and who is against it.
7. Focus on writing down decisions and avoid writing down details.
8. There is no need to write irrelevant information.
If you have any questions, you must ask the chairman/supervisor/boss, not the attendees.
10. Write them down as soon as the conversation is over. (Because you are still having a very deep conversation)
1 1. If you are taking notes, write them down in the same form/format as before.
12. If there are any additional materials, paste them together.
13. Write down your name, then sign and date it.
When writing:
Concise and precise.
Don't write down your subjective opinion.
Write down important decisions and important information.
I don't quite understand what kind of dialogue you are talking about. I hope I can help you.
Question 8: How to write an outline of admonishing conversation-a simple outline
I. Introduction
Second, this theory
( 1) ...
(2) ...
(3) ...
Three. conclusion
-Detailed overview
I. Introduction
1. Put forward the central topic;
2. Explain the writing intention.
Second, this theory
( 1) ...
1.
2.
3.
4.
(2) ...
1.
2,
3.
4,
(3) ...
1.
2.
3.
4.
5,
Three. conclusion
1, overview ...
2. Echo the preface at the beginning.
The conception of writing academic papers
(A) the idea and requirements of the article
1. The idea should focus on the theme.
In order to make the paper clear, it is necessary to make the full text have a running line, which is the theme of the paper. Theme is the essence of an academic paper, which embodies the author's academic views and opinions. The influence of the paper on readers is mainly realized through its theme. So before writing a paper, we must focus on the theme and serve the theme. As the French painter Miller said, "The so-called conception refers to the art of transmitting one's own thoughts to others". This article is very important.
2. conceive the layout of the paper and strive for a complete and unified structure.
When designing a thesis, it is sometimes found that it needs to be written in chronological order, and sometimes it needs to be written in geographical position (space) order, but it still needs to be written in logical relationship, that is, it needs to conform to the internal relations and laws of objective things and the logic of scientific research and understanding things. But no matter what the situation is, it must be reasonable, coherent and complete. Sometimes, there are several writing schemes that need to be compared. In comparison, with the deepening of thinking, writing ideas will go through a process from complex to simple, from complex to clear clues. At this time, we should seize the opportunity of epiphany in time and determine a better plan according to the spirit of "acting according to circumstances" of the ancients.
3. Do reader analysis.
The ultimate goal of writing and publishing any scientific and technological article is to let others see it. Therefore, it is required to "have readers in mind" and do more reader analysis when conceiving. With a clear audience, we can effectively explore ideas and successfully determine the angle of conception, material selection and expression. Generally speaking, readers can be divided into professional readers, non-professional readers, leaders in charge or heads of scientific and technological institutions, and people have different requirements and evaluation criteria for scientific and technological articles. For academic papers, their readers are professional readers. Therefore, the idea is to meet the needs and development of the specialty, determine the depth and breadth of materials and expressions, and clarify the focus of the paper. If a paper contains several topics of different importance, the author should distinguish between primary and secondary topics and consider how to transition from secondary topics to main topics in order to arouse the interest of professional readers.
(2) How to improve the ability to conceive
It is hard to imagine that an author with unclear ideas will write a well-organized and well-organized paper. Therefore, it is important to train the thinking ability through writing practice, which will improve the thinking ability and the ability to conceive papers accordingly.
Before writing an academic paper formally, it is of great help to the author to exercise his thinking and improve his conception ability. This method has been proved to be one of the effective methods by long-term practice. According to data reports, about 95% of the scientific and technological personnel in the world draw up an outline first, and then write according to it.
The role of writing an outline, specifically, has the following points:
1. Writing outline, similar to a blueprint of Zhang Jianshe, can help the author outline the framework or outline of the whole paper, reflect his initial ideas formed after digesting materials and logical thinking, plan what to write first, how to express it coherently, where to focus and where to make some comments or explanations. Writing according to this plan can make the paper clear in level, coherent in content and closely expressed.
2. To draw up a writing outline, you only need to use some simple sentences or even word phrases to prompt, and organize the material units and corresponding arguments into serial numbers. The workload is not big, it is easy to do. When the outline is written, it will come up as a whole. It's like turning a kaleidoscope Just turn an angle slightly and a new pattern will appear. The same is true of the adjustment of the outline. It should be said that it is much easier to adjust the high-speed outline than to write the humanities without an outline.
The sentences used to prompt writing in the outline can sometimes be used to make papers ... >>
Question 9: The format of the interview outline refers to the format of the interview proposal.
Topic: Investigation and Countermeasures of Primary Education in Kindergarten
Project team members: Peng Xianwai and Li.
Interview outline
Interviewer: Peng Xianwei and Li.
Interviewer introduces himself:
Hello, everyone, we are students from the Education Management Department of Beijing Normal University Zhuhai Branch, and we are investigating the current situation of classroom teaching in Zhuhai kindergarten. I hope to understand the development of kindergartens through this survey. Therefore, we need your help and participation to complete the investigation of this subject with * * *, so that the research has practical and practical value and provides a reliable basis for * * * and the decision of the school.
The research group promises to you that today's interview content and your opinions are only for our research reference, and the information and opinions you declare unsuitable for public will be kept strictly confidential for you. I really appreciate your help.
Interviewees: Kindergartens, teachers and parents of students in Jinding and Xiangzhou, Zhuhai.
The main contents of the interview outline include:
(1) school part: (1-2 interview with kindergarten directors and related education leaders)
Basic information: position, teaching experience, gender;
Main problems:
1. Understand the total number of kindergarten students, the total number of teachers and students, and the teacher-student ratio.
2. Understand the qualifications of full-time kindergarten teachers. (For example: A graduated from technical secondary school, high school and below () B graduated from junior college () C graduated from undergraduate course () D graduated from master's degree ())
3. Understand the tuition and miscellaneous fees of all grades in kindergarten, and ask whether there are special classes and super-long classes, as well as the fees of these classes.
4. Understand the nature of kindergartens (such as A public school, B auxiliary school and C private school).
5. Understand the goals, school-running ideas and brand characteristics of kindergartens.
6, understand the kindergarten class settings, whether there are long classes.
7, understand the kindergarten curriculum, and whether the curriculum needs to be improved, what are the usual course assignments.
8. Understand the kindergarten schedule.
9, understand the kindergarten teaching AIDS, teaching equipment, game facilities.
10, to understand the kindergarten leaders' overall views on their kindergarten students (learning ability, self-discipline, practical ability, behavior habits, moral cultivation, creativity, etc.). ).
1 1. Understand the training objectives and evaluation indicators of preschool children's quality, understand the overall views of school leaders on the comprehensive quality of students trained, and ask what gaps exist between their current situation and the training objectives.
12, to understand the kindergarten's views on the phenomenon of early childhood education in China.
13, understand the kindergarten education evaluation system for teachers and students.
(2) Teachers (a teacher is randomly selected from all grades of kindergarten teachers interviewed as the interviewee).
Basic information: grade, class, subject, position, teaching experience, gender;
Main problems:
1. Understand teachers' educational values and children's views.
2. Understand the qualities that teachers think a kindergarten teacher should have and what qualities they think they need to work on.
3. Understand what teachers are most concerned about when children grow up, and why?
4. Understand how teachers reflect the above concerns in specific education and teaching work.
5. Understand teachers' understanding of classroom teaching.
6. Understand the specific content of teachers' classroom teaching.
7. Understand how teachers combine classroom teaching with games.
8. Understand the teacher's methods of cultivating children's learning ability.
9, understand the evaluation index of teachers to students.
10, to understand teachers' teaching feelings, experiences and teaching problems they have encountered or have encountered.
1 1. Understand teachers' views and suggestions on school curriculum.
12. Understand how teachers communicate with parents and ask teachers what aspects of school teaching parents pay more attention to.
13. Understand teachers' views on the current advanced kindergarten education.
(3) Parents (a parent is randomly selected from the parents of all grades of kindergarten students interviewed as the interviewee).
Basic information: the child's grade, class, education level, occupation and gender;
Main problems:
1. Know when and why parents send their children to kindergarten.
2. Understand parents' views on raising children and their expectations for kindergarten education.
3. Understand the reasons why parents choose the present kindergarten for their children.
4. Find out whether parents want their children to study early in kindergarten ... >>