The biggest mouse in the world
The Philippine white cloud mouse can reach 75 cm in length, and the white cloud mouse (scientific name: Phloeomyspallidus.
Beijing time may 17 news, forget those stupid "Shuo" photos, let's get close to the extraordinary rodents in nature.
The most famous rat species is Rattus norvegicus. Rattusrattus (also known as Rattus norvegicus) is also very common. They are slightly larger than Rattus norvegicus and are distributed on all continents except Antarctica.
In various media, we seem to have seen the news of the discovery of giant rats and all kinds of scary pictures of rats. However, in fact, the city is not the home of the biggest mouse in the world.
"There is absolutely no evidence that the number of Rattus norvegicus in Britain is increasing," explained DougieClarke of the University of Huddersfield in the UK. Clark is an authoritative expert in the field of "super mouse". Of course, "super mouse" is not a master who can train mutant turtles into ninja turtles, but refers to those mice that are resistant to the poison used for pest control.
"In our research, we measured more than 100 Rattus norvegicus collected from all over the UK, and found that the adult rodenticide' Super Rat' was 26 cm in length and 25 cm in tail length," Clark said. "Therefore, they are no different from the expected size of Rattus norvegicus."
"The so-called bigger and bigger mouse in any media report, or the trick of taking pictures, is to take the mouse away from one arm or hold another escaped pet rat," Clark added.
For example, in March of 20 16, the body of a huge mouse was found in a playground in Hackney, London. It is said that its body is similar to that of a child playing there. In fact, this is because of "forced perspective", that is, the object near the camera looks much bigger than the object farther away, and the mouse in the photo looks really big. Skeptics measured the distance between objects in the actual scene and found that the so-called giant mice were actually only about the same size.
However, if the relevant novels can be used as a basis, then our fascination with giant rats can be said to have a long history. The Sumatran giant rat, which once appeared in Sherlock Holmes' detective novels, has become an eternal classic. In the real world, there are two kinds of mice that can be used as the prototype of "Sumatra Giant Rat".
Dazhu mouse book in the museum (scientific name: Rhizomyssumatrensis)
/kloc-illustrations of female bamboo rats in the 0 th and 9 th centuries
The big bamboo rat (scientific name: Rhizomyssumatrensis) can reach 50 cm from the tip of the nose to the end of the tail. Although the total length is similar to that of Rattus norvegicus, the tail length of Rattus norvegicus is only 12 cm. Not surprisingly, according to a review of this species published by 1936, this giant mouse can weigh up to 4 kilograms, which is equivalent to a domestic cat.
Another candidate prototype is the mountain giant Sunda mouse (scientific name: Sundamysinfraluteus), but there are some controversies. According to the description, this is an omnivorous rat that lives in the mountains. Raquel Lopez Antuoni Janzas (Raquel Lopez Janzas? Anzas) explained: "The mountain mink can grow to 60 cm, but it rarely weighs more than 0.5 kg because its body shape is very different from other species."
Any discussion about the supernormal size of rodents will always involve capybara in South America, but in fact they are closer to guinea pigs than mice. In order to avoid misunderstanding, all the species discussed are limited to rodents, and their natural distribution is limited to the Old World.
In mine detection training, an African hamster (scientific name: Cricetomysgambianus) with cheek pouches is being rewarded.
African hamster with cheek pouch (scientific name: Cricetomysgambianus) is one of the longest species in Rodentia, with a body length of nearly 90 cm from nose to tail and a weight of about 1.4 kg. This unique physical feature makes them popular pets. Compared with standard fancy rats-in fact, domesticated Rattus norvegicus-they weigh three times as much.
African hamsters escaped from private pet lovers not only provided prototype materials for the legend of urban sewer giant rats, but also attracted attention in Florida Islands, where they were declared as invasive species. They are also related to the monkeypox outbreak in the United States in 2003.
However, the African hamster with cheek pouches has always won respect in its hometown of Africa. Apopo, a non-governmental organization, uses their excellent intelligence and sense of smell. They are called "hero rats". After training, they can detect mines and even sniff out tuberculosis.
"Although most mice are competent for these tasks from the perspective of sensitivity and intelligence, we chose African cheek pouches because they have a long life and can adapt to the environmental conditions in Africa," said AbdulllahMchomvu, a trainer of Tanzania's mine-detecting mice. "They have a very sensitive sense of smell and can be trained to detect the smell of special targets. For the mine detectors I work for, they are not only not heavy enough to trigger mines, but also huge and easy to manipulate. "
If we want to find a species larger than the African hamster, we need to look to Asia, especially those islands with unique ecological balance mechanism that allow abnormal mutation of the body to survive.
A white cloud mouse (scientific name: Phloeomyspallidus)
In the Philippines, there are many kinds of cloud mice. They usually live in trees. Among them, the white cloud mouse (scientific name: Phloeomyspallidus) is the largest, with a body length of 75 cm and a weight of 2.6 kg. Equally huge is the slippery-tailed rat of New Guinea. In 2009, a species of this genus was found in an isolated extinct volcano in Bossavie. Unofficially, it is called "Bosavi Hairy Mouse", with a body length of 82 cm and a weight of 1.5kg.
After the discovery of this new species, Christopher. Helgen of the Smithsonian Institution began to sort out the records of slippery-tailed rats. "The largest species is probably Mallomysgunung, which is distributed in high-altitude mountainous areas in western New Guinea and weighs about 2 kilograms or more," he said.
As far as body shape is concerned, a recent study on island rats is the most impressive. 20 15 JulienLouys of Australian National University and his colleagues found the largest mouse fossil so far in East Timor. It is speculated that these extinct giant rats are about the same size as puppies.
JulienLouys is holding two mouse fossils found by his team.
Two large rat skull fossils found in East Timor
Ask for advice on how to learn illustration (no painting basis) the first point: how to draw the facial features of cartoon characters;
1. Head perspective basis: Generally speaking, the eyes are in the center of the whole head, and other proportions are determined by this coordinate. Facial crosshairs can help maintain the integrity of the five senses. Try adding an angle to the midline.
2. Demonstration of the five senses structure practice method: the eye structure can be imagined as a small opening on a cloth ball. After determining the diamond shape of the eye, pay attention to the position of the corner of the eye to draw the eye.
3. Nose: First, it is summarized into a triangular diamond, and the basic type is changed according to perspective, which mainly includes three main parts: nasal root, nasal wing and nasal head.
4. Mouth: The mouth is a combination of three balls. Grasp the basic shape of the lips and then consider the movement of the mouth. There are mainly five spherical structures in the mouth, so pay attention to the acupoint position of the external structure.
5. Ears: The shape of ears can be imagined as c+y, and the height of ears and nose is actually similar, so you can pay more attention to the practice dynamics.
The second point: how to draw the relationship between head, neck and shoulders?
1, many structural points will be shown in the form of 50-50 split. Pay attention to simplifying the structure and proportion.
2. Head perspective can basically be understood as a big square plus half a square.
3. Pay attention to the position of the spine and the tendency of leaning forward in the neck.
4. The shoulders are mainly faults. Because of trapezius muscle, the structure can be simplified in this way.
5. Be sure to practice the three views through the box to understand its surface structure.
The third point: eight ways of animation human body practice:
1, the first question of human body: at first, I often didn't understand the difference between looking up and looking at a big angle. In fact, the difference lies in the position of the camera, and the angle of view will be more inclined at a close position.
2. Position and perspective: The position near the lens will have a more inclined perspective, which can be understood as a Michelin tire man. I will have a detailed demonstration in the latest 30-day animation human body special training camp.
3, viewing angle: pay attention to head-up, which means that you can't bring an angle, pay attention to the angle and distance of the camera.
4. Details: Pay attention to the diagonal distance when drawing various angles of the head, and pay attention to the expression of various details! Also pay attention to the balance of composition.
5. Combination exercise: You can try to draw more different body combinations, such as Mickey Mouse, Astro Boy or some old cartoon images.
6, local: the bone point of the hand is a hard place, the latest knowledge about the hand is to pay attention to the hardest part of the hand. This piece will be mentioned to you in the 30-day animation human body special training camp.
7. Muscles: Students with weak foundation should not consider the muscle composition at first, but pay attention to the curve when practicing doll body. The muscle system is actually very complicated. It is suggested that beginners should not focus on training for one or two years. Other muscles and some dynamic demonstrations.
Extended data:
classify
According to the market positioning: vector fashion cartoon, younger age, realism, exquisite and beautiful illustration, concept setting, etc.
Classification by production methods: hand-drawn, vector, commercial, cutting-edge (2D plane, UI design, 3D), pixel.
According to the illustration style, there are Japanese comics and illustrations, European and American illustrations, Hong Kong illustrations, Korean game illustrations, and Taiwan Province romance novel cover illustrations. (Because of the variety of styles, it is only a simple classification)
In addition, there are many foreign styles, such as hand-folded paper, cloth pattern and various styles, which are neck and neck.
Reference source:
Illustration-
How to eradicate the fear of mice Yes, your condition is not very serious, and it can be improved through systematic desensitization ~