The 2018 Nurse Practitioner Qualification Certificate Examination has passed, and the smart and diligent friends have begun to prepare to embark on a new journey in 2019. In order to allow those who have just started reviewing to have a systematic and regular review Plan, the editor has specially compiled for you the basic knowledge points about the control and prevention of hospital infections. Starting from the accumulation, the Global Medical Education Network will escort the 2019 Nurse Qualification Examination!

19. Sterility During operation (keep your arms above the waist or above the operating surface), once the sterile items are taken out, even if they are not used (they must not be put back into the sterile container), and when the sterile items are suspected of being contaminated or have been contaminated (they cannot be reused), A set of sterile items (for one patient only) should be (replaced or re-sterilized) to prevent (cross-infection). The sterile items are valid for (7 days) if they are not contaminated.

20. When soaking the sterile forceps, the disinfectant liquid level needs to be submerged (2-3cm above the shaft joint or 1/2 of the forceps). When taking out the sterile forceps, the front end (do not touch the edge of the container and The inner wall of the container above the level of disinfectant), always keep the sterile holding forceps (front end down), do not (turn upward), the sterile holding forceps can only be used (to pick up sterile items), not (to pick up oil gauze) or perform dressing changes, disinfection, etc.). If sterile items are taken from a distance, sterile holding forceps should be placed in the container and moved together. Frequently used areas such as operating rooms, dressing rooms, injection rooms, etc. should Replace once (daily).

21. When opening the sterile container, hands should not touch it (the inner surface of the lid). If it is placed on the table, the inner surface of the lid should face up.

22. Before taking the sterile solution, first (check the label) including (name, dosage, concentration, expiry date) and then check (whether the bottle cap is loose, whether the bottle wall is cracked, invert the bottle to the light Check the solution for precipitation, turbidity, discoloration, floc), etc. When pouring the solution, first (hold the label of the solution bottle with one hand), then (pour a small amount of solution) and (rinse the mouth of the bottle), and after pouring (indicate the date of opening the bottle) and time), the validity period of the sterile solution is (24 hours). When pouring the solution, the solution bottle should be kept at a certain distance from the sterile container and should not be touched (sterile container), nor should it be placed (sterile dressing or non-sterile dressing) items block the mouth of the bottle to pour liquid or reach into the sterile bottle to dip the solution). When flipping the stopper, keep your hands out of reach (the part of the stopper that covers the mouth of the bottle). Once the sterile solution is poured out, even if it is not used, it cannot be touched. Do not (pour it back into the bottle) to avoid (contaminating the liquid in the bottle).

23. The validity period of the sterile package is (24 hours).

24. When spreading the sterile tray, it should be in a (fan-shaped fold), (inner surface) facing outward, and the validity period is (4 hours).

25. Pay attention when wearing sterile gloves (ungloved hands should not touch the outside of the gloves, and gloved hands should not touch the gloved hands and the inside of the gloves).

26. Clean area refers to (area not contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms) such as (changing room, pantry, duty room, treatment room, warehouse).

27. Semi-contaminated areas refer to (areas that may be contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms) such as (medical offices, laboratories, corridors in wards).

28. Contaminated areas refer to (areas where patients have direct or indirect contact and are contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms) such as (ward, toilet, bathroom).

29. Staff should (plan carefully and prepare all necessary items) before putting on the isolation gown. After wearing the isolation gown, they can only move within the (prescribed range), and contaminated items must not be placed in the (clean area) Within, any contaminated items must be (disinfected) before being handed over. Objects that the patient has come into contact with must be (strictly disinfected) before they can be handed over. For example, (patient clothes, letters, books), etc. must be (disinfected) before they can be handed over to their family members. (Bring back), the patient's infectious secretions can be (released from isolation) only after (three) culture results (all negative) or (the isolation period has been confirmed) (after the doctor prescribes medical advice), and the patient is discharged from the hospital Bedding should be (disinfected) first and then (washed).

30. After taking off the mask, fold the contaminated side (inwards) and use the disposable mask for no more than (4 hours).

31. When brushing hands, the body should (keep a certain distance) from the sink to avoid (isolation clothing contaminating the edge of the sink or disinfection basin). When rinsing with running water, the wrists should be (lower than) the elbow to prevent (Water flows into sleeves).

32. Putting on and taking off the isolation gown: Hand tips

Put it on: Hold the collar and stretch out your left hand, then extend your right hand and shake it upward, tie the collar and cuffs, fold the collar and tie the waist half-bent elbow.

Take off: Loosen the belt and unbutton the cuffs, plug the sleeves and sterilize your hands, unbutton the collar and take off the sleeves, fold the collar over the shoulders and hang the clothes hook.

33. When hanging the isolation gown, if it is hung in a semi-contaminated area, the (clean side) of the isolation gown must not be exposed to the outside (contaminated side). If it is hung in a contaminated area, the (contaminated side) must not be exposed to the outside (clean side). face), the isolation gown should be (appropriate length, able to completely cover the work clothes), the sleeves should not touch the face (face, collar, work cap) when tying the collar, and the isolation gown should not be entered (clean area) after wearing the isolation gown, the isolation gown should be changed (daily) once.

34. When using stain-proof paper, you should grab it from (top), not (turn the page).

35. The part that is always sterile when putting on and taking off the isolation gown is (the collar).

36. When taking sterile solution, the first priority should be to check (whether the bottle label is correct).

The above are the basic nursing test points for the control and prevention of hospital infection. I hope everyone will gain something. I believe that with perseverance, gold can be carved, come on!