Xishan tourist map
Fan Kuan, silk ink painting, 206.3cm long and103.3cm wide, Northern Song Dynasty.
It is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
Fan Kuan (about 950- 103 1) and Huayuan (now Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province) were born with a neutral word and a middle name. Because of his gentle personality and outstanding generosity, Guanzhong people used to call him Guan, hence the name. Li Cheng (9 16-967) and Hao Jing (10 century) are beginners in his painting. After years of observation, he took nature as his teacher and created a unique shape. Fan Kuan's influence connected the painters of Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the works of literati painters in Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is not difficult to find many people who have the titles of "Imitating Fan Kuan", "Fa Fan Huayuan" and "Quasi Fan Zhongli". Even in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Fan Kuan was mentioned from time to time in his works, which shows his far-reaching influence.
He is good at landscape painting. The northern song dynasty's "Xuan he Hua pu" describes his process of learning to paint and realize Tao: "Li cheng (a painter of the five dynasties in Shandong) first learned to realize Tao, but sighed:' the method of predecessors is far from being taken. I am not a teacher of other things. I am not a teacher of other people's minds. "So he abandoned his old habits and lived in the south, between Taihuayan and the foothills of the forest, watching its bleak and gloomy scenery and silently meeting God ... so the world called Sheshan vivid. "Thus, he was able to draw the spiritual outlook and ghosts and gods of the mountain, not just to describe the appearance, because Fan Kuan completely integrated himself into the mountains and rivers," with a spirit "and observed the unity of nature and itself, man and nature, so he could naturally reveal the true spirit of the mountain in his works.
Fan Kuan's masterpiece The Journey to the West is famous all over the world, and it is the treasure of the town hall of the National Palace Museum. Not only was it rated as "the first painting in Song Dynasty" by Dong Qichang in Ming Dynasty, but even modern ink painter Liu was moved to tears after reading it.
This painting is two silk copies, light in color, and Dong Qichang wrote the title for it. Dong Qichang did not use his signature cursive script, but neatly wrote the cross of Fan Zhongli's trip to Xishan in the Northern Song Dynasty in regular script. The purpose is obvious, that is, not to grasp the primitive simplicity and domineering of the original with the agility of cursive script, but also to embody Dong Xiangguang's "clumsy and clever" calligraphy style.
Xishan tourist map? part
In this painting, the giant peak stands tall, the flying spring is a line, and it is magnificent; Fan Kuan used "raindrops" to describe the mountain scenery and dominate the whole painting. This technique uses a short pen, which is long and dotted, just like raindrops falling, with a short sense of rhythm. The picture leaves traces that seem to have been chiseled, expressing the massiness of rocks and the dry climate in the north. The clearly visible structure in the rock is quite different from the wet and rainy southern landscape, and it is also a tourist map of Xishan.
Xishan tourist map? part
At the foot of the mountain, there is a path, and a group of business travelers slowly enter people's field of vision. The bell of the cavalry seems to gradually enter the picture, and the mountain stream echoes the gurgling stream. There is stillness in movement, and there is movement in silence. Poetry and painting are characterized by movement and stillness. Towering peaks, lush trees and abrupt boulders depict magnificent natural scenery; The small caravan between mountain roads once again shows the pulse of human life, which is in harmony with the life activities of the world.
Xishan tourist map? Local? Pine trees on the central axis
Xishan tourism map part
Moreover, this picture was found to be an original of Fan Kuan, and there is an interesting little story.
Before Hui Zong, the painter's signature in the early years of Northern Song Dynasty was not popular. Although this work has Dong Qichang's inscription and clear historical records, there has been no direct evidence to prove that this work is really an original of Fan Kuan. Today, hundreds of years later, although everyone thinks that this is Fan Kuan's The Journey to the West, it has been a pity that there is no real evidence.
Secret Fan Kuan's signature
It was not until 1958 that Li Lincan, then vice president of the National Palace Museum in Taipei, found Fan Kuan's signature in the bushes behind the traveler at the bottom of the picture. Fan Kuan, two words, is hidden in the Woods of Mo Xiang, which is a true guess of Fan Kuan's original work, and the whole China-Gu Shuhua world suddenly boils.
Fan Kuan is very famous. There are many works, both true and false, which belong to his name. But in any case, The Journey to the West is indeed his most uncontroversial masterpiece. ?