Her husband Otto runs a company called "Opekta Works", which is responsible for the wholesale of pectin extracted from various fruits. He found a new home for his family in Merwedeplein, a suburb of Amsterdam. 1934 In February, Idis moved to a new residence with Anne and margot, and rearranged the school for the two sisters. Both sisters study in Montessori school. Both sisters have their own academic expertise. Margot is better at arithmetic and mathematics, while Anne is better at reading and writing. Hannah Goslar, one of Anne's friends at that time, recalled that Anne often covered her answers with her hands in her homework to avoid being copied by other students, and she would not discuss them with other students. But none of these assignments were kept later. At the same time, Anne and margot also have obvious differences in personality. Margot is gentle, conservative and diligent, while Anne is talkative, outgoing and energetic.
1March, 933 13, Frankfurt held a city Council election, and the Nazi party led by Hitler won. At this time, the rapid expansion of anti-Semitism made Franks start to worry that staying in Germany would cause danger to their own security. Towards the end of the year, Eidis took Anne and Margot to live in Aachen's mother-in-law's house, while ot to stayed in Frankfurt until he received an invitation to open a company in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and decided to move there to take care of business and arrange a new residence for his family. Franks were one of the 300,000 Jews who left Germany from 1933 to 1939.
1938, Otto moved into a family in Ausnabrü ck, Germany, and set up another company in partnership with a butcher named Herman van Pailes. Anne's grandmother also moved to Amsterdam in 1939, where she lived until her death in 1942+0. 1940 In May, the Germans invaded and quickly occupied the Netherlands, and the newly established pro-Nazi government began to persecute Jews through differential treatment and strict law enforcement. The government imposed compulsory registration and segregation on Jews, so even though margot and Anne did well in school, the new system stipulated that they could only study in designated Jewish schools, so they had to leave their original schools. After that, they were admitted to the Jewish college to continue their studies. Anne 12 years old at this time.
On June 1942, Anne received a small notebook when she was celebrating 13' s birthday, which she asked her father to give her when she was shopping.
Birthday present. This is an autograph book with a red and white plaid cover and a small lock. But Anne later decided to use this little book as a diary. She began to record all kinds of trivial things in daily life in her diary, such as herself, family and friends, campus life, neighbors and even playing with some boys. These early diaries all recorded her life, in fact, they are almost the same as other students. At the same time, Anne also recorded some changes around her under German occupation. Some are invisible on the surface. However, Anne also revealed in her later diary that the Nazi oppression of Jews was expanding rapidly and recorded some detailed data. One example is about forcing Jews to carry "Yellow Star" diaries in public. She also listed a series of prohibition and persecution measures against Jews popular in Amsterdam. At the same time, she also expressed her sadness at the death of her grandmother at the beginning of the year. 1942 In July, margot received a call-up notice from the Central Intelligence Agency, ordering her father to report to a nearby labor camp. As the Nazi authorities arrested Jews more and more seriously, margot also received the labor notice from the Nazi authorities, and Anne's family decided to move to a more secret and safe residence. Then Anne learned that her father Otto decided to hide them in the company after communicating with the employees of his company, and her mother and sister had already learned about it. Therefore, the family moved to a secret room of the company on the bank of the Prince Canal in Amsterdam.
1On the morning of July 6, 942, Anne's family moved to a secret house for temporary shelter. They deliberately made a mess of the house, trying to create what they left. Otto frank left a note hinting that they were going to Switzerland. They were forced to leave Annie's cat, Morty. Because Jews were not allowed to take public transportation, they walked several kilometers from home. Everyone wore several layers of clothes for fear of being seen with luggage. The secret of the house added in the diary is called "Achterhuis", which means back seat in Dutch. This is a three-story space in the back seat of the house, which can be accessed from the ground. There are two small rooms on the first floor, which are connected to the bathroom; Upstairs is a large studio with a small room next to it. This small room leads to the attic. The door to the secret house was covered by a bookshelf, which ensured that it would not be found. The main building is located outside a corner of Westkirk Church. On the surface, it is no different from other houses in Amsterdam.
Cugler, Kreman, Mipp and Ellie (real name Beipu) are the only employees who know that someone is hiding here. Mip's husband and Ellie's father are both people who help them hide. They are the only contact between the people in the house and the outside world, and they will also tell them about the war and political development. They ensure the safety of people in the house and take care of their daily life and diet-this task becomes difficult as time goes by. Anne wrote down their contribution to improving the morale of the house in the most dangerous period. They all know that once discovered, helping Jews will lead to the death penalty.
At the end of July, the Van Pailes family joined the Franks, including Van Pailes (referred to as Mr. Van Dagen in his diary), his wife Auguste Van Pailes (referred to as "Mrs. Van Dagen" in his diary) and their son Peter, 1 1. Anne wrote down the excitement of talking with new friends, but soon, the narrow living environment caused conflicts. Anne and Pope shared a room, and she soon found him unbearable; She clashed with August van Peierls again. She thinks she is stupid. The relationship between her and her mother is getting more and more tense. Anne said that she and her mother have nothing in common. She sometimes quarrels with margot. Her closest relative is her father. After a while, Anne, who was eager to chat when she grew up, fell in love with the only boy "Peter" in the secret room.
Anne spends most of her time reading and studying and keeps a diary in her spare time. In addition to writing down what she experienced in her life, she also wrote down her feelings, beliefs and hopes, some things that she felt she could no longer talk about. Later, her confidence in writing increased and she became mature. She began to write something abstract, such as her belief in God or how she understood human nature. She wrote the last article in August 1944. 1on August 4, 944, at about 10 in the morning, someone called to report that there were Jews at No.263 Prince Canal, and then Nazi police raided the secret room with people. On September 3, they were transferred and sent to Auschwitz concentration camp by train. Three days later, they arrived, separated, and never met again. When he arrived at the concentration camp, men, women and children on the train were forcibly separated, and Otto was separated from his family. The Frank sisters were forced to drag stones and dig turf; At night, they all huddled in very cold barracks. Later, it was testified that whenever Anne saw a child sent to the gas chamber, she would become lonely and cry.
549 people (including all children under 15) were sent directly to the gas chamber for execution. Anne escaped this fate because she looked a little older than the other children. Take off clothes, disinfect, shave and tattoo the identification code. Because the men and women in the concentration camp were completely separated, Anne never saw her father again, so at that time, Anne believed that her father, who was not very strong in his fifties, died shortly after they separated. Forced to do slave-like drudgery during the day and crowded into cold barracks at night. The disease is rampant. Because of the poor sanitary conditions in the concentration camp, various diseases spread rampant. Sister Frank's skin is also seriously infected with scabies. They were sent to the medical room for treatment. This is a continuous dark environment with many mice. At that time, their mother Eddie didn't eat, leaving every bite of food for her two daughters and chiseling through the wall at the bottom of the medical room to deliver food. 1944 10, Frank's wife and children were chosen to join the labor camp in Upper Silesia, Poland, but Anne was forbidden to go there because of scabies, and her mother and sister chose to stay with her.
1October 28th,1944 10, the military began to choose to transfer to Belgen-Balcen concentration camp. More than 8,000 women, including Anne, margot and agis Van Pettis, were transferred to concentration camps; Because a large number of prisoners have been brought in, they will start to put them in concentration camps. Anne and margot are two of them. The population has increased, and the mortality rate is also rising. Anne met her friend-Henny briefly, and she survived the war. Rand described Anne as bald, thin and trembling. Henny said that although Anne was sick herself, she was more worried about margot, because her illness was worse, and she could no longer walk. She often hid in a cot. Mrs Peierls accompanied Anne and Margo and took care of Margo because she was too ill to get out of bed.
1March, 945, typhus spread in the camp, 17000 people died. Later, witnesses pointed out that Margo was very weak. She fell from the cot and died of shock, and Anne died about two days later. Henny, they met at the end of 19451early February. A few weeks later, the British army liberated the concentration camp on April 5, 1945, but the exact date was not recorded. Anne died between the end of February and the middle of March. Anne and her sister Margo both died of typhoid fever in February and March of 1945. In less than two months, the concentration camp was liberated by the British.
Except Anne's father, Otto, all the other reclusive members died in the concentration camp. Sonny Lederman, often mentioned in Anne's diary, has been sent to the gas chamber with her parents and brother, while her sister, Barbara, Margo's close friend, has survived. Some friends Anne and her sisters met at school survived. As for the extended family of Otto and Edith, they fled Germany in the 1930 s and settled in Switzerland, Britain and the United States respectively.
After liberation, in order to prevent the spread of the disease, the camp was burned, and margot and Anne were buried in mass graves, and their bodies were gone.
The memorial to Anne and margot in the former site of Belgen-Balzen concentration camp is decorated with flowers and photos of people mourning.