1. Final comments on ancient high school essays

"You are gifted with extraordinary talents and have the appearance of great achievements. Your classmates look up to you with your talents and talents. However, you are sleepy all day long and cannot focus on your studies. Teacher knows In this way, I am afraid that you will mislearn and use all kinds of skills to master it, and you will be as confused as before. Your success will be due to hard work, and your success will be ruined by thinking. May you wake up from your dream, cheer up, and become a sleeping lion, and dominate the world!"

"May you wake up from your dream and cheer up"

"I appreciate you very much"

You have the demeanor of a talented woman, a generous mind, wisdom and smartness, and a smart heart. The beauty of a king lies in his talent, his character, and the flower of wisdom blooming deep in his heart. A person's character and learning are not born innately, but are acquired through hard work. I hope you will take the good qualities you already have, pursue your future talents and learning, and become an extraordinary self.

On the stage, he is impassioned and has the air of a general; in class, he is eloquent and demonstrates his skill in memorizing and reciting; during recess, he is naughty and cute, with laughter and laughter from time to time. Occasionally chatting in class, I can't focus on anything else. "A horse can't take ten steps with one leap; a horse can ride ten times, but it's hard work." The most important thing in learning is specialization, which requires perseverance.

Hao Ye is a great mathematician. He is outgoing and generous, deeply loved by his classmates and widely praised by his teachers. However, your liberal arts skills still need to be strengthened, so you must not favor one thing over another. I hope to find suitable strategies and achieve impressive progress. I am very much looking forward to it as a teacher. Your volume is too loud, it is disturbing the public, please remember to control it.

Jade is as warm as fat. It comes from stone and is precious in stone. To obtain jade, you must carefully study and ponder it carefully, and go through tens of thousands of toils before you can make it. And the same goes for learning! If you don’t have independent thinking and hard work, even if you have arrogant talents, you will eventually become Zhongyong! If you can calm down and temper your mind, you can achieve great success.

The sea of ??knowledge, the mountain of learning, meet you happily in the beautiful woods. I appreciate the diligence in studying, rejoice at the talent and intelligence, praise the excellence of my studies, and marvel at the agility of painting. I regret the low efficiency and worry about the lack of sleep. To study, to be calm and focused; to play, to be as indulgent as you want, why not be happy?

My classmates are full of praise for her gentleness and graceful writing. However, you are good at liberal arts, but weak in math and science, so you are very worried about being a teacher. Fortunately, recent efforts have been made to make up for it, and there has been great improvement. Where there is a will, things come true, and one hundred and two Qin passes will eventually belong to Chu: all the hard work has paid off, and three thousand Yue Jia can devour Wu. I hope you work harder and you will be most grateful at this time. 2. Comment on an event in 300 words in classical Chinese

"Release Life"

Three or five miles from the city, there is a pond in the shade of the mountain. The water is not very wide. In recent years, many people have gone to release animals. They released turtles, turtles, loaches and eels, especially turtles and turtles. Or it may be said that something done by a certain sect member is a good deed. However, he left the near and sought the far, and abandoned the river that ran through the city. Why did he look for this small pond alone? Don't understand why. Except for those who do this sporadically on a daily basis, there seems to be a free birthday every week. On this occasion, people came with baskets on their backs and sometimes carts carrying men carrying them. They gathered together and chanted some lyrics by the pool in a solemn manner. After everything was done, thousands of creatures poured into the small pool, which was a spectacular sight. After folding their hands, they gradually dispersed. As soon as the people left, there were a lot of fishermen who released the animals while they were still unconscious. They grabbed the nets and caught them, and after a while they returned to the fish baskets. Compared to the future, the original items will be purchased by those who do good deeds, and they will not compare prices. The gang then went to the small pond to release the animals. Over and over again, we are reincarnated. Those who do good deeds get their good deeds, and those who fish for their wealth get their wealth. Those who are burdened by traveling back and forth are just turtles. 3. What are the WeChat names in classical Chinese?

Ruoyun, Feizhi, Gaobo, Yurun, Qiming, Taozhi, Kunyu, Man

Qin, Zhenyu, Huaye, good and honest, pure in ambition, Huai Wen, Ying Yang, Ji Xing, Xiuzhu.

1. Ruoyun ("His hopes are like clouds hanging from the sky" in Zhuangzi's "Xiaoyaoyou"). There is no limit ("My life also has limits, but my knowledge has no limits" in Zhuangzi's "Miao Ding Jie Niu").

2. Non-stop ("The Wutong does not stop" in "Huizi Xiangliang").

3. Gao Bo ("Encouragement to Learning" by Gou Zi "is not as good as climbing high to gain broad insights").

4. Yurun ("Jade is in the mountains and the grass and trees are moist, pearls are born in the abyss but the cliffs are not withered").

5. Its brightness and its light ("The sky sees its brightness, the earth sees its light, and a gentleman values ??its gold").

6. The waves arrive ("The waves arrive smoothly" in Song Yu's "Feng Fu").

7. Kun jade ("The Jade from Your Majesty to Kunshan" in Li Si's "Remonstrance and Expulsion Book").

8. Mancao Fangqin (Meicheng "Qifa" "Mancao Fangqin").

9. Zhenyu (Jia Yi's "Guo Qin Lun" "Zhenlong strategy and control the inner world").

10. Huaye ("Hua Shi Ruye" in Wang Can's "Ode to the Tower").

11. Honesty and honesty (Zhuge Liang’s "Shi Shi Biao" "These are all good and solid, with pure intentions and loyal intentions").

12. Huaiwen (Cao Pi's "A Letter to Wu Zhi" "And Wei Chang alone has Huaiwen and Zhi").

13. Eagle Yang (Cao Zhi's "Book with Yang Zude" "Kong Zhang's Eagle Yang Yang in Han Shuo").

14. Helping nature (Mikang's "Jiaoshu with Shan Juyuan" "When a lady knows each other, she appreciates her nature and helps her").

15. Bamboo repairing ("Bamboo repairing in the lush forest" in Wang Xizhi's "Preface to the Lanting Collection").

Tao Yuanming

References

Baidu Encyclopedia. Baidu [cited on 2018-1-28] 4. How to comment on classical Chinese texts

Classical Chinese Its characteristics are compared with vernacular (including spoken and written language), and are mainly reflected in grammar and vocabulary.

1. Separation of words and phrases. Linguistic research believes that written language is produced and developed on the basis of spoken language. The two influence and promote each other, and they are very closely related. Classical Chinese was formed on the basis of pre-Qin spoken language, but with the passage of time, classical Chinese gradually distanced itself from the spoken language of later generations. From the Han and Wei dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to the official promotion and the need for imperial examinations, scholars deliberately imitated the language of the "Four Books and Five Classics" to write poems and articles, and regarded elegance as the norm. In this way, the distance between classical Chinese as a written language and the actual language used by people is getting wider and wider, resulting in the phenomenon of separation of language and text.

2. Unchanging for a long time. Until the May 4th Movement, classical Chinese, as the dominant written language, was passed down and used from generation to generation, and its linguistic components remained basically unchanged. For example, some basic sentence patterns and the usage of commonly used function words in the pre-Qin period have been preserved in the classical Chinese of the past dynasties. Even the most active vocabulary among the three elements of language has strong stability in classical Chinese: some ancient words The meaning has long since disappeared in spoken language, but it is still used in classical Chinese. Although people in later generations will inevitably incorporate some of the spoken language of the time into their imitations, thus bringing about some subtle changes to classical Chinese, on the whole, classical Chinese still basically maintains its original appearance in terms of vocabulary system and grammatical system.

3. Concise writing. Most of the important classics in ancient my country were written in classical Chinese, and many of these immortal works have always been known for their simplicity and conciseness. It can be said that classical Chinese itself contains concise factors: first, monosyllabic words are dominant in classical Chinese, and there are relatively few disyllabic and multi-syllable words; second, classical Chinese is often omitted, and it is very common to omit subjects, objects, predicates, and prepositions. . In addition, famous writers in the past dynasties paid much attention to refining language and emphasized "small words and big meanings", so a strict and concise style of classical Chinese was formed.

4. Ancient and difficult to understand. As time passes, classical Chinese, which is separated from spoken language, becomes increasingly difficult to understand. Weird sentences, uncommon and archaic words, and many unfamiliar names, rules and regulations... all these become elusive "myths" in the eyes of beginners. Therefore, annotating ancient books and solving difficult problems has always been one of the tasks that literati and scholars have been diligently pursuing. 5. Ancient Chinese Commentary

Can you refer to this article? I would like to tell two stories about the integrity of Chinese intellectuals. One is about Tian Zifang’s accident.

Zijing (son of Marquis Wen of Wei) was "encountered by Tian Zifang on the road" and "got out of the car to pay homage". Tian Zifang was "not polite", so there was a "rich and noble man is arrogant" relationship between the two. The debate about "the poor are proud of themselves". Tian Zifang held that "the rich dare not be arrogant", and he said it plausibly: "If a king is arrogant, he will lose his country; if a great official is arrogant, he will lose his family."

Those who lose their country have never heard of it. There are those who treat them as a country.

If a gentleman is poor and lowly, if his words are useless and his deeds are not consistent, then he will take his steps and walk away. He will not be poor and lowly when he goes there! "This happened in 403 BC.

In "Warring States Policy; Qi Policy IV", there is a similar story called "King Xuan of Qi met Yan Jie". The king wanted to "come before Yan Jie" because He is "the king of men"; He wants to be "in front of the king", because "before the king is the trend, and before the king is the leader, it is better to make the king the leader than to make the leader the trend", so there is also a saying "Is the king more valuable?" The debate about "how valuable a scholar is"

Yan Can's reason is also very good: "In the past, Qin attacked Qi and ordered: 'Anyone who dares to go fifty steps to Jilong in Liuxia to collect firewood will die. Not pardoned. ’ The order said: ‘Anyone who can win the title of King Qi will be granted the title of Marquis of Ten Thousand Households, and will receive thousands of gold coins.

’ From this point of view, the head of a living king was no longer as good as the ridge of a dead soldier. "King Xuan of Qi was speechless and had to swallow his arrogance.

This happened more than 300 BC. Both stories took place during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods when heroes were competing for hegemony. , this unique historical background is particularly important.

At that time, there were many scholars who could maintain their dignity and integrity and never bow to the powerful. It is by no means just a Tian Zifang or a Yan Hu. A hundred years before Tian Zifang, Yan Ying, a senior official in the state of Qi, once said sonorously: "If the king's words reach him, his words will be dangerous; if his words fail to reach him, his actions will be dangerous."

If the country has the way, it means obeying the destiny; if the country does not have the way, it means balancing the destiny." Meng Ke, who was about the same time as Yan Can and was once appointed as a minister by King Xuan of Qi, also had the reputation of "the excrement of ten thousand households" Angrily: "If you say that you are a great person, you will despise it and don't regard it as majestic. The height of the hall is several ren, and the inscriptions are several feet. I have determined my ambition and cannot do it.

I have an abbot in front of me and hundreds of concubines, so I won’t do anything if I succeed. I usually enjoy drinking wine, hunting in the fields, and driving thousands of chariots behind me.

Things in there are all things I would not do, and everything in me is an ancient system. Why should I be afraid of them! "Therefore, I think that the high promotion of the integrity of Chinese intellectuals at that time, that is, the "shijie", was related to the "competition among heroes". In the 1970s, Confucius was criticized, saying that he was "selling for a price" (English version) "The Analects of Confucius; Zihan" "It's a good idea! It's a good idea! I treat Jia Zhizi"), turning oneself into a commodity that can be bought and sold.

In fact, this sentence of Confucius is not wrong. . Because heroes compete for hegemony and all heroes understand the relationship between talents and winning the world, a pattern of free competition for talents has been formed, and scholars, that is, intellectuals, have become a rare commodity.

"Learning literary and martial arts. "Goods and the emperor's family", but whether to sell or not to sell, whether to sell at a low price or to sell at a high price, the initiative lies in their own hands, and what they sell is only culture, Taoism and military strategy, not personal dignity or even their own mother and father. It can be seen that it was a "seller's market" for talents at that time, so there was Tian Zifang's free and easy attitude of "if his words are not used, and his actions are not consistent, he will just walk away, and he will not be poor and humble", and Yan Can's "scholarship is noble. The categorical statement that "kings are not expensive" and the eternal story of King Yan Zhao of "humble one's body and give rich coins to recruit wise men".

After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the situation was very different. All the talents in the world can be seen at a glance, and they can be used with The initiative to use it is in the hands of the powerful who dominate the world.

"Good steel is used on the edge of the knife." If it is not used, it is no different than scrap metal. Then you can take the shoes and leave, and you will be safe without being poor or lowly." The first thing you have to worry about is precisely this "safety" - even if you want to "take the shoes and leave," how can you still find the palm of the Tathagata Buddha's hand? Saying "a scholar is expensive, but a king is not" is contrary to the facts in that environment. Not only will he be regarded as a madman, but the person who said it will not be at ease in his heart.

The "seller of talent". The "market" has become a "buyer's market" for talents, and the "free competition" for talents has become a "market monopoly" for talents. That's why so many "gentlemen" have spent all their efforts to squeeze into the "official career". If you dream of being promoted and appreciated by the powerful, and getting a share of the leftover juice from the powerful, even if the powerful don't want you to kneel down, you still have to kneel down like Jia Gui did.

After the Qin and Han dynasties, there were times when the scholar-honoring system was high, but it was only during the brief period of strife and competition among the world during the period of great unification; when the world was unified, there were also unyielding scholars and humbly-minded kings, but most of them only harmonized with "scholars." "Jun" is related to his own quality, so he can only be rare.

As far as the general trend is concerned, from the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Tang and Song Dynasties and then to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it can be described as the "decline of scholar festivals". As for the loss of integrity of Chinese intellectuals, that is, "scholarship", some commentators attribute it to Shusun Tong, the "great Confucian of the Han Dynasty", who "formulated court etiquette" and "set for the majority of Confucian scholars" the "necessities for meeting the emperor" "Historical Dilemma of Dong Zhongshu" (Zhou Tian: "The Historical Dilemma of Dong Zhongshu"); some commentators believe that "this is the fault of the Legalists" because "the state-governing strategies formulated by the representatives of the Legalists have deprived the majority of scholars of later generations." "External conditions for maintaining self-esteem and integrity" (Wang Xuetai: "On Scholars' Day"). In fact, once the "seller's market" for talents becomes a "buyer's market", the "free competition" for talents becomes a "market monopoly" and even loses its The "talent market" became the "unified allocation" of talents. Even without Shusun Tong's "formulation of court etiquette" and even without the "state governance strategy" of the representative figure of Legalism, this "scholarship festival" would not be promoted.

By the way, whether there is openness of thought and freedom of speech or not, the rise and decline of the Heshi Festival are basically the same. When the heroes are at odds, freedom of speech and ideas are open, but after unification, speech and ideas are easily restricted.

It is probably no accident that the contention of a hundred schools of thought, which has always been talked about by people, appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The superiority of great unification lies in the word "unification": Only when the world is unified and without war can society develop stably and the people can live and work in peace and contentment; the disadvantage of great unification also lies in the word "unification": a high degree of centralization, unification is too rigid, and scholars Both integrity and thought will be curbed. This can be called two sides of the same coin, or it can be called a strange circle of history.

Getting rid of this historical cycle is a major issue facing modern people.