First of all, clarify the benefits of keeping a diary.
Students don't like writing compositions, much less keeping diaries. Therefore, after receiving the notice that teachers and students in our class are going to write a composition, I am really a little worried. What if students don't want to write? So I thought of many ways to make students interested in this diary first. In order to stimulate students' interest in keeping diaries, first of all, I told them that our class is very glorious. The whole school chose four classes as experimental classes, and our class is one of them. This is a very glorious thing, and keeping a diary mainly does us a lot of good. Don't think that diary is a simple applied style, but it has a long history in China. It has a history of more than 2,000 years since the earliest "Divine Rites" by Ma Dubo in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are countless diaries in past dynasties, such as Entering Shu by Lu You, a great patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, and Xu Xiake's Travels by Xu Hongzu, a famous geographer in the Ming Dynasty. These diaries are famous not only at home, but also abroad. Luxun, a great writer in modern times, Zhu Kezhen, an outstanding scientist, and Xie Juezai, a famous revolutionary, kept diaries all their lives for decades, the longest of which was more than one million words. The role of diary should not be underestimated: First, it can be recorded for future reference. When we grow up, we gradually forget a lot of things. Diary can record every bit of our life. When we forget something, we can learn about it by opening it. Second, it is beneficial for individuals to improve their self-cultivation and temper their will quality. Some people like calligraphy, others like painting, because it can cultivate people's sentiments, and so does a diary. As long as you can keep a diary, then you will have perseverance and so on; Third, it can be a treasure house for accumulating knowledge and information. Usually we pay attention to the accumulation of knowledge, and we should write down good words and sentences when we see them. Then keeping a diary also has the advantage that we can write down the knowledge we collected in one day, which is more specific; Fourth, it can be used as an important means to practice writing. A diary doesn't need any rules. It can write whatever you want, and no one will ask you. Many of our celebrities like to keep diaries since childhood, such as Lu Xun's diary, which has become a precious theme in the history of new literature; And "Lei Feng Diary" has become a textbook for ideological quality education; Darwin's diary of scientific investigation is an important scientific document. ...
Therefore, primary school students insist on keeping a diary since childhood, which is not only conducive to strengthening ideological cultivation, exercising observation ability and enhancing expression ability. So why not do it? After my explanation, the students are eager to try and are in high spirits. Students' interest in keeping a diary has come up, and it will be easy to do next, but we should also teach them how to write and what to write.
Second, master the method of keeping a diary
There are ways to do everything in the world, starting with a key, crossing the river by boat and keeping a diary, but I didn't tell the students how to keep a diary at first. After a brand-new diary was delivered to them, everyone was very happy and asked me what to write. So I told them to write whatever they wanted. After the second day of teaching, the students' diaries were varied and well written. So I said to them, this is your diary, and you can write as you like. But after a few days, some students said they didn't know what to write, as if there was nothing to write. At this time, I began to guide students, mainly from the following aspects:
1. What can I write in my diary?
(1) is to write an observation diary. Observation is the window to know things, the basis of writing, and the bridge for us to turn materials in daily life into articles. Only by observing the things around you systematically and carefully can a person obtain a lot of perceptual materials. The depth of observation is directly proportional to the quality of the article. To this end, I ask students to pay attention to all kinds of things at ordinary times and form the habit of observation. For example, write about your progress and achievements, affirm and encourage yourself, and let yourself clearly see a series of footprints on the road ahead, winding, deep and shallow, but always extending forward; For another example, write down your own understanding and feelings about social phenomena, write down some new things of truth, goodness and beauty and strange things of falsehood, ugliness and ugliness that you have heard and witnessed in the big family of society, find examples from them, realize the truth of life, and urge yourself to gradually form a correct view of love and hate; For another example, the beautiful scenery of the four seasons constitutes a unique watercolor scroll, which attracts students to write wonderful symphonies in their diaries; The colorful astronomical phenomena give students a lot of enlightenment and lessons, and stimulate their enthusiasm for exploring the mysteries of the universe; Magnificent rivers and mountains arouse students' enthusiasm and paint colorful scenery with pens in their hands; Colorful plants make students relaxed and imaginative; Lovely animals attract students' hearing and touching their hearts with their colorful postures, bright colors, strange behaviors and beautiful songs. After training in the second semester, I was surprised to find that my classmates found many shining things in their ordinary lives and wrote many excellent works.
Of course, observing diaries requires careful observation, seeing with eyes, listening with ears, smelling with nose, tasting with tongue and touching with hands, mobilizing the senses of the whole body and describing their shapes, colors and tastes in detail.
2) Writing an emotional diary. Watch a news, an article, a cartoon, a performance, a movie, a song, a lecture, a ball, a criticism, a fight, a joke, a scolding, a bluff, a fright, an exhibition and a competition. Why do you have this view, why do you have this idea, why do you agree with it, and why do you oppose it; Do you have any good suggestions, what will you do yourself ... You see, there are so many questions worth thinking about. Write these out, which is the rich food in your diary.
(3) Write an activity diary. Quiz at home, family turmoil, disputes between neighbors, guests' visits, weekend outings, school parties, basketball games, military training, sports meetings, disputes in shopping malls, street fraud, watching football in bars, climbing mountains, swimming, planting trees, etc. Recording the time, place, people, reasons, process and results of these activities becomes a diary.
(4) Write an imaginary diary. People's imagination is infinite. Through imagination, you can be a king who commands thousands of troops, you can be a fairy who comes and goes freely, you can be a brave warrior, you can be an ancient scholar in robes, you can be an all-powerful general, you can win the championship of thousands of troops, you can be Napoleon, you can be Edison, you can be Leonardo da Vinci, you can be Pavarotti, you can be Ronaldo. By imagination, you can be a stone on the moon, a shining star in the night sky, an ice in the Antarctic, a drop of water in the Amazon River, a grass in the Himalayas, a whale in the Pacific Ocean, and a lion on the African prairie. Through imagination, kittens can dance, leaves can fight, rhinos can breathe fire ... haha, look how wonderful! Ancient and modern Chinese and foreign, sky, land, sea, etc. It has become a chess piece that you can manipulate at will, and you can edit it at will. Do you still worry about not having anything to write?
(5) Write a scrapbook. When you see a good article, copy it down; When you see a good word, copy it down; See the good beginning and end, copy it down; When you see a good paragraph, copy it down; You see a good cartoon, copy it; Read a good book and write down its general situation; After listening to a good song, copy down the lyrics; Write down the world news published in newspapers and magazines; ……
(6) Write a story diary.
Story diary is a form of continuing, imitating and creating stories based on fairy tales or other stories that students have heard. For example, I asked my students to write "A New Biography of Tortoise and Rabbit Race". After the rabbit lost to the tortoise for the first time, it would compete again. What's the situation this time? For another example, we watched many cartoons and got to know many cartoon characters, and we also made up stories for them ourselves. In this way, after a period of imitation and continuation, students like this kind of diary very much. They like to create fairy tales independently. I strongly encourage this kind of diary, so that they can think about it first and then tell everyone, or go home and ask their parents for advice and then write it down.
"The sea is wide and the fish jumps, and the sky is high and birds fly." Write whatever you want and how you want to write, which can not only satisfy students' imagination and creativity, but also cultivate students' sense of wanting to write, stimulate students' interest in writing and cultivate students' ability of being good at writing.
2. Persevere and keep a good diary.
Keeping a diary can help you practice writing, cultivate your observation ability and accumulate writing materials. As the saying goes, "a good memory is not as good as a bad writing." I ask students to keep a diary, so that if they have something to say, they will be short if they have nothing to say. Or personalized character language, or eyes and movements that express psychological activities, or strange associations, or unique feelings, interesting natural phenomena and so on. After a semester of writing, most students in the class can keep a diary.
3. Remember it must be true.
Diary must tell the truth, because it is written for yourself and a faithful record of personal history. If you lie, aren't you deceiving yourself? To tell the truth, that is to say, what you remember every day should be true, and what you remember every day should also be true. How to encourage and motivate students not to make things up? I mainly take the way of encouragement and find that students write down real things in life. I praise them in front of the whole class in time, even if the writing is not very good, I will praise him as long as I write my true feelings. For a long time, our class has put an end to plagiarism and confusion.
In this way, after a semester of persistence, more and more students in the class are willing to keep diaries, and more and more students are good at keeping diaries. I believe that as long as you persist and work hard, things will always be done. The diary of our class will continue to be written.
Diary must tell the truth, because it is written for yourself and a faithful record of personal history. If you lie, aren't you deceiving yourself? To tell the truth, that is to say, what you remember every day should be true, and what you remember every day should also be true. How to encourage and motivate students not to make things up? I mainly take the way of encouragement and find that students write down real things in life. I praise them in front of the whole class in time, even if the writing is not very good, I will praise him as long as I write my true feelings. For a long time, our class has put an end to plagiarism and confusion.
In this way, after a semester of persistence, more and more students in the class are willing to keep diaries, and more and more students are good at keeping diaries. I believe that as long as you persist and work hard, things will always be done. The diary of our class will continue to be written.
Keeping a diary is the same as being a man. I think everyone has their own goals and principles. I don't want to judge them by their own principles. Anyway, I have the habit of keeping a diary myself. Of course, there are some differences between that kind of diary and the internet. To put it bluntly, the usual diary is a bit of a tofu account. Although it is, it does bring me benefits. I can't remember the details. All I know is that if I can't remember anything, I will find out the basis immediately and give me confidence. So our diary is often turned over. In the process of translating, I learned how to remember more comprehensively and completely. It's good to say it's a diary. It sounds like a memorabilia. Everything that happens in daily life should be reflected in the diary to some extent. Sometimes you can't find it in your diary. Digging out her husband's diary is a supplement.
When it comes to keeping a diary, at the earliest, I just had time to write casually. Later, it was found that some things were to be written down. In the process of using it, I learned how to improve it until I write it every day. I have something to say, and I have nothing to say. When you have special feelings, feelings and gratitude, you have the impulse to write articles. Therefore, I also wrote a short article before writing a blog, and I am very confused about where to put it!
He also threw the essay into the local evening paper, typed it twice, and then gave up halfway. ......
The online diary broadens my horizons and writes out my feelings in my heart, so that my relatives can see me and know me when they appreciate it, because I have been drifting and my relatives can't get close to me. I also have an idea. 65438+ One day in February and June this year was my mother's seventieth birthday. I want to print out my diary and give it to her as a special gift!
The purpose of my online diary is to be realistic and conscious, and I am not afraid of everyone reading it. Everyone is welcome to comment, because this is a learning process. I feel that there is still a trace of innocence in my inner world, and sometimes I don't know what to do or even right or wrong. My friend's words will lead me to think, and in return, I will be firm and confident.
Diary of reflection on Chinese teaching in primary schools
Teaching reflection I
It is a realistic problem that every teacher must think about in the new situation to cultivate students' autonomous learning ability and let the concept of cooperative inquiry guide their own teaching so as to improve classroom teaching efficiency more effectively.
Based on the experience of famous teachers and the ideas of experts' reports, I tried the four-link group learning method of "preview-query-discussion-feedback" in senior one last year, which also initially cultivated students' ability to question and find problems, but the habit of self-study has not been well developed, let alone their interest in learning. The diversity of our Chinese subjects determines the importance of interests, hobbies and habits, but what is facing us is the long-standing problem of composition-how to overcome the passive acceptance of students in the past, such as "teachers put forward propositions, put forward requirements, students think about writing and correct them", and sometimes they are not interested at all, let alone express their true feelings in writing, and the relevant correction feedback is not targeted and effective. I thought about this passive composition class for a long time and decided to try a group cooperation learning method.
Composition class, uncharacteristically, first analyzes the gains and losses of the last student's composition, and then determines the requirements and objectives of the composition. In view of the unclear narration of the last news facts, the general requirement of "reasonably explaining the narrative elements and explaining one thing clearly" was put forward.
Then, under the organization of the group leader, each group discussed the proposed topics and briefly talked about their ideas. The team leader motioned and the teacher timed it.
Meditation and independence, the teacher observes the situation of each group.
After writing, the group leader said that he could write reading notes.
After the unification is completed, cooperate with the correction.
The first step: communicate to find the advantages, evaluate the highlights, write the main contents and summarize the main idea.
Step 2: communicate and find fault, and point out the shortcomings (such as typos, sick sentences, etc. ).
Step 3: I read the article in a low voice, read it aloud, then reflect on other people's comments and make pertinent suggestions to myself in combination with my own feelings.
Finally, exchange ideas. Each group will be awarded a beautiful composition, which will be graded by the person in charge of the composition. The teacher will find out the advantages and disadvantages according to the situation of each group, sum up the shortcomings (something * * *), and think about the requirements and goals of the next composition.
After such a change, the students in the composition class rose up and devoted themselves wholeheartedly. Each student has read at least three similar compositions and listened to six beautiful articles, which has made great gains in hearing and vision. Compared with the previous single boring form, the enthusiasm of students is greatly improved, and the cohesion and centripetal force between groups are enhanced.
Because it has just started, after all, there are many imperfections, such as the distribution of time, the imbalance of time in each group, the difference of ability level of group members and so on. This determines that I will work harder to explore and improve in the future.
Teaching reflection ii
Let appreciation enter Chinese teaching
After several weeks of teaching experience, I think it is more important to let appreciation enter Chinese teaching, which can improve the teaching quality and make students love learning Chinese. Specifically from the following aspects:
First, the relationship between teachers and students is equal.
In appreciation education, the relationship between teachers and students is equal, teachers are not inviolable authorities in front of students, and students are not obedient and inferior. Only by establishing a democratic and equal relationship between teachers and students can students feel safe, full of confidence, activate their thinking and dare to ask questions and questions. This creates a relaxed, happy, democratic and harmonious environment for students' active participation, and urges students to have a strong desire for knowledge, that is, to kiss their teachers and learn their ways. Successful teaching depends on a harmonious and safe classroom atmosphere. The establishment of this kind of atmosphere needs the help of some means, such as gentle eyes, kind touch and ardent hope, to strengthen the emotional communication between teachers and students, to make students rely more on teachers, and thus to stimulate students' greater enthusiasm for learning, which is the key for students to learn Chinese well.
Second, I believe that every student can succeed.
The Rosenthal effect experiment says that if teachers give students confidence, students will have high achievements. Teachers' trust in students is a great encouragement. Mr. Tao Xingzhi also advised us: "There is Watt under your pointer, Newton in your cold eyes and Edison in your hungry smile." As teachers, we should believe that every student has the hope and potential for success, and the role of teachers is to awaken students' self-confidence.
Third, reading teaching makes students feel more about themselves.
In reading teaching, teachers should renew their ideas, give students the position of learning and development, and cherish students' unique feelings, experiences and understanding. Teachers should fully affirm students' various answers. Even if the students' answers are naive, superficial or even one-sided and wrong, teachers should avoid "killing with one stick" and enthusiastically encourage, guide and care for the shining ideological flame, which has a great influence on students. Let students develop their own thinking and gain aesthetic experience, thus improving the quality of Chinese reading.
Fourth, in composition teaching, let students learn to reflect.
Under the restriction of exam-oriented education, students' individuality and creativity in composition disappeared. There are always a few empty words, cliches and lies in the composition, which is divorced from the true inner feelings and makes the composition lose its fresh life and color. In this case, the teacher encourages students to write compositions, observe diaries, and have review consciousness, review consciousness and weekly diary consciousness. This kind of composition often has the expression of students' true feelings, distinctive leap of personality and unique words, and often many excellent works emerge. Only after a long time can students find their own writing personality.
Teachers can allow students to develop in different degrees, and grasp the advantages of students' compositions to encourage them, such as good sentences, accurate words, good beginning or ending, etc. Stimulate students' enthusiasm and confidence in writing. Composition evaluation focuses on encouragement. Of course, the main problems in the composition need to be pointed out in a euphemistic and acceptable way for students. Then, in the future, students will be more active and enthusiastic, and they will be able to show or express themselves better. It is obvious to change some shortcomings in students' composition by appreciation, which can quickly improve students' writing level.
This is my thoughts in the recent teaching process for your reference and guidance.