After more than 100 years of ups and downs, the modern Olympic Games has developed into the largest and grandest sports event in the world, and has also formed its own unique and systematic organization and hosting rules.

The choice of the host city of the Olympic Games.

According to Coubertin's ideal, the Olympic Games should be held by cities all over the world in turn, which is conducive to the spread of the Olympic spirit. The current procedure for the IOC to determine the host city of the Olympic Games is: 1. The bidding city shall submit a written application to the International Olympic Committee. Because the preparations for the modern Olympic Games need enough time to complete, the International Olympic Committee started the bid eight years before the Olympic Games and set a clear deadline. Cities wishing to host the Olympic Games must apply to the International Olympic Committee in a formal written form before this date. The application report must be approved by the National Olympic Committee and signed by the government to show its support. If more than two cities in the same country intend to bid, the Olympic Committee of that country will decide one of them. In other words, the IOC only allows one city in each country to bid for one Olympic Games.

2. The IOC Executive Board conducts a preliminary screening of the bidding cities. The Executive Committee of the International Olympic Committee examines the qualifications of bidding cities, and according to their own statements and their understanding of the basic situation of isolated cities, several cities are screened out and entered the formal bidding process.

3. The IOC Evaluation Committee conducts field visits to the bidding cities. The IOC and the IFs in charge of the Olympic Games issue relevant forms and questionnaires to investigate the conditions of bidding cities. These problems are very specific and detailed, involving all aspects of hosting the Olympic Games. The bidding city will sum up its own answers to these questions and bind them into hundreds of pages of bidding report, which is actually a very detailed plan for hosting the Olympic Games. Submitted to the IOC six months before the IOC plenary vote. Then, the IOC forms an evaluation committee, which is composed of representatives from the following parties: IOC members, representatives of international individual sports federations, representatives of the National Olympic Committee, representatives of the former Olympic Organizing Committee, representatives of athletes, experts in environmental protection and finance, etc. The evaluation committee will personally go to the bidding city for on-the-spot investigation, and submit the investigation results to the IOC in the form of a written report, which will be distributed to each member as one of the reference basis for the members to vote at the final plenary session.

The IOC plenary session voted to decide the host city. The final determination of the host city of the Olympic Games is entirely in the hands of the IOC plenary session. The specific form is that at the plenary session of the International Olympic Committee held seven years before the Olympic Games, all members voted in secret. In the voting, as long as a bidding city gets more than half of the votes, it will be determined as the host city. In the case of competition among several cities, the city with the least number of votes is eliminated in each round by means of multiple rounds of voting. If the votes of two cities are the same, extra votes will be cast for them, and one will be eliminated. The president of the International Olympic Committee does not vote. If the votes of the two cities are equal in the final round, the president will vote for the organizer.

The International Olympic Committee signed a contract with the host city. Once the host city is determined, the city will sign a formal agreement with the International Olympic Committee-the Host City Contract, which will bear legally binding responsibilities and ensure that the Organizing Committee faithfully performs all the terms of the agreement in accordance with the Olympic Charter and the instructions of the International Olympic Committee.

Olympic organizing Committee

A temporary organization established under the auspices of the National Olympic Committee of the host country of the Olympic Games is responsible for organizing the Olympic Games.

The Organizing Committee is responsible for reception, finance, competition, safety, medical care, foreign affairs, TV broadcasting, cultural performances, construction projects, activity planning, Olympic equipment, insurance and so on. The work of the organizing committee is very complicated, including fund raising, venue construction, schedule, security, accommodation for athletes and officials, etc. The members of the Organizing Committee are mainly composed of people from all aspects of the host country of the Olympic Games. The chairman of the Organizing Committee is the mayor of the host city or the president of the host country's Olympic Committee, and the members must include members of the international Olympic Committee of that country.

Since its establishment, the Organizing Committee has directly contacted the International Olympic Committee and accepted its instructions. At the same time, he is also responsible for keeping in touch with liaison officers appointed by national Olympic committees on all matters related to the Olympic Games. The organizing committee has the status of a legal person and can independently enjoy legal rights and undertake legal obligations. From the establishment to the end, all activities carried out by the Organizing Committee shall comply with the Olympic Charter, the agreement signed by the International Olympic Committee, the National Olympic Committee and the host city, and the instructions of the IOC Executive Committee. If the above rules are violated or the obligations under this agreement are not fulfilled, the IOC has the right to cancel (at any time and with immediate effect) the task of hosting the Olympic Games by the host city, the Olympic Organizing Committee and the National Olympic Committee.

opening ceremony

The opening ceremony has always been the highlight of the Olympic Games. At the opening ceremony, we should not only embody the Olympic spirit with the aim of peace, unity and friendship, but also show the national culture, customs and organizational level of the host country, and at the same time express our warm welcome to the guests from all over the world. At the opening ceremony, in addition to a series of basic ceremonies, there are generally wonderful group calisthenics with national characteristics and literary or military sports performances.

The opening ceremony mainly includes the following ceremonies: the chairman of the Olympic Organizing Committee announced the opening ceremony. The President of the International Olympic Committee and the President of the Olympic Organizing Committee greeted the head of state of the host country at the entrance of the stadium and guided him to the special seat. Delegations lined up in alphabetical order according to the language of the host country, except Greece and the host country, where the Greek delegation entered first and the host country entered last.

Speech by the President of the Olympic Organizing Committee and the President of the International Olympic Committee. The head of state of the host country declared the Olympic Games open. Playing "Ode to the Olympics", at the same time, the Olympic flag enters the stadium in the form of horizontal expansion and rises from the flagpole of the stadium.

The Olympic torch relay ran into the stadium. The last relay runner walked around the track, lit the Olympic flame, and then released the pigeons. The flags of the delegations formed a semicircle around the podium, and an athlete from the host country boarded the podium. Holding a corner of the Olympic flag in his left hand, he raised his right hand and read the following oath: "In the name of all athletes, I promise to participate in this Olympic Games with true sportsmanship and respect and abide by the rules guiding the Olympic Games."

Then, a referee of the host country boarded the podium and read the following oath in the same way: "In the name of all referees and officials, I promise to perform my duties completely and openly in this Olympic Games with true sportsmanship and respect and abide by the rules guiding the competition."

When the national anthem of the host country is played or sung, the delegation leaves. After these ceremonies, there will be group gymnastics or other cultural performances. This is the biggest workload, the longest preparation time and the most expensive project in the opening ceremony of previous Olympic Games. The host country often starts to prepare one or two years in advance and tries its best to attract guests with great momentum and unique national spirit. The success or failure of the opening ceremony depends largely on the effect and performance of group gymnastics.

closing ceremony

The opening ceremony was solemn and grand, and the closing ceremony was even more joyful. The basic procedure is that the flag-bearers of delegations enter the stadium in a row according to the order of the opening ceremony, followed by the teams of athletes from all over the world, and the flag-bearers form a semicircle behind the podium.

The President of the International Olympic Committee and the President of the Organizing Committee of this Olympic Games boarded the podium. The Greek flag rises from the right flagpole of the central flagpole where the champion flag is raised, the flag of the host country rises from the central flagpole, and the flag of the host country of the next Olympic Games rises from the left flagpole. The mayor of the host city boarded the podium and handed the flag to the president of the International Olympic Committee, who then handed it to the mayor of the host city of the next Olympic Games.

The President of the Olympic Organizing Committee delivered a speech, and the President of the International Olympic Committee delivered a closing speech. Then, the Olympic flame was extinguished in the sound of the trumpet. While playing the Olympic national anthem, the Olympic flag was slowly lowered and sent out of the stadium in the form of horizontal expansion, followed by the flag bearer. Meanwhile, play farewell music. The delegations withdrew.

Finally, give a wonderful performance.

Flame lighting and relay

Before every Olympic Games in ancient Greece, people held high the torch lit in front of the temple of Hera and went to various city-states to convey the message of the armistice Oracle and the Olympic Games. After the modern Olympic Movement was founded, it did not inherit this tradition at first. Until 1920, the seventh Olympic Games in Antwerp, in order to mourn the people who died in World War I, the organizers lit the torch symbolizing peace in the main venue, but there was no torch relay and the fire was not collected from Olympia. 1934, the International Olympic Committee made a formal decision in Athens. During the Olympic Games, the Olympic flame will be burned at the main venue from the opening to the closing. The flame must be collected from Olympia and passed to the host city of the Olympic Games in the form of torch relay. Since then, the torch relay has become an essential ceremony for every Olympic Games.

Starting from 1936 Berlin Olympic Games, before each Olympic Games, a solemn lighting ceremony will be held in front of the ruins of the Temple of Hera in Olympia, attended by the International Olympic Committee, the host city of the Olympic Games and local officials. Greek girls dressed in ancient costumes collect fire with a condenser, and then spread it to Athens with a torch, and then from Athens to the host city. The whole process of torch relay is very grand, and politicians and famous athletes often participate in it personally. During the torch relay, in case of mountains, rivers, lakes and seas, it can be transported by plane or ship. The flame must arrive in the host city one day before the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. During the opening ceremony, one person held the torch and lit the "Olympic Flame" in a prominent position in the main stadium amid cheers from people. Most of the people lucky enough to undertake this mission are famous athletes.

1936 German track and field athlete Hilgen lit the flame at the opening ceremony of the Berlin Olympic Games. Because it was the first time that the torch relay was held in the modern Olympic Games, Coubertin personally lit the ceremony and delivered a speech. The torch relay passes through Greece, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Austria, Czechoslovakia and Germany, with a total length of 3,075 kilometers. Each of the 3075 athletes from all countries ran 1 km with the torch. After 1 1 days and nights, the torch was sent to Berlin Olympic Stadium. At the 1952 Helsinki Olympic Games, two Finnish long-distance runners, nurmi and Kolehmainen, shared the glory of lighting the flame. Nurmi ran into the stadium with the torch in his hand, first lit the main torch on the field, and then handed it to 64-year-old Kohler Herminen. When he boarded the 83-meter-high torch platform with vigorous steps and lit the flame, the audience applauded. 1964, the Japanese are unique. It was a boy 19 who lit the flame. He was born in1August 6, 945, the day when the United States bombed Hiroshima with an atomic bomb. At Mexico City 1968 Olympic Games, a woman undertook this mission for the first time. Her name is Desort, and she is a 20-year-old track and field athlete. 1976, Canadians launched a new trick, two teenagers lit the flame together. They are Sandra Henderson, a girl aged 65,438+06, and Stephane Prefontaine, a boy aged 65,438+05. This time, there is another difference. The flame is not passed by torch, but by satellite and laser technology to Montreal. This laziness has been criticized for losing the original meaning of this activity. Results 1980 Olympic Games resumed the traditional relay mode.

1984 Olympic Games was held in Los Angeles, USA, and Ueberroth boldly applied the method of commercial operation to the torch relay. The torch relay spans 50 states in the United States, *** 15000 km. Different from the past, any individual, region, group or company can designate a person to run 1 mile with a torch with a donation of 3000 dollars. The torch relay began in the United States on May 8, with Jim? Thorpe's grandson, Bill Thorpe, finished it. When the Olympic Games opened on July 28th, Jesse? Owens' granddaughter Gina? Humphrey ran into the main venue with the torch, and then handed it to Johnson, the decathlon champion of Rome Olympic Games, who lit the flame of Rose Bowl Stadium. At the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games, Ali, who won the championship together with Parkinson's disease, lit the torch with trembling hands and ignited the enthusiasm of the audience. They used cheers to express their reverence for the legendary figure and their love for the Olympic movement. In the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, Fleman, an indigenous female athlete, lit the flame in the main venue.

Award ceremony (award ceremony)

The awarding ceremony is one of the most exciting moments in the Olympic Games, both for the winning athletes and spectators.

It must be held in accordance with the etiquette stipulated by the International Olympic Committee: during the Olympic Games, medals shall be awarded by the president of the International Olympic Committee (or a member selected by him) accompanied by the president of the relevant international single sports federation (or his representative). If possible, after each competition, the prizes will be awarded in the following ways at the venue: the athletes who won the top three will be dressed in formal clothes or sportswear and boarded the podium, facing the official seats. The champions stand higher and announce their names. The flag of the champion delegation should be raised from the central flagpole, and the flags of the second and third delegations should be raised from the flagpoles near the left and right sides of the central flagpole respectively. When playing the national anthem of the champion delegation, medal winners should face the national flag. The ceremony was solemn, grand and exciting. When many athletes saw Ran Ran raising the national flag, they couldn't help crying.

Medal (medal)

Medals and awards for the Olympic Games are provided by the organizing committee of each Olympic Games, but belong to the International Olympic Committee, which gives them to the winning athletes. The medals awarded in the Olympic Games have an evolutionary process. 1896 In the first Olympic Games, only the first two medals were awarded, the champion won the silver medal and the runner-up won the bronze medal. At that time, the medal was designed by French artist Elder Shaphron, with a diameter of 50 mm. At the same time, according to the ancient tradition, the organizing committee also presented a wreath to the winning athletes. The wreath of the first place is made of olive branches, and the wreath of the second place is made of laurel leaves. In addition, the winners also won trophies, vases and other prizes issued by the conference. The winner of the shooting competition is the most affordable. They got short guns and rifles as prizes.

1904 In the third Olympic Games, the first place won the gold medal. 1907 in may, the international Olympic Committee decided to design a pattern for the Olympic medals. After two years, the regulations are as follows: the front of the medal is a unified pattern, and the back can be designed by the Olympic host. But it was not until 1928 that the designs on the obverse of the medals in the 9th Olympic Games were formally unified. It uses a pattern carefully designed by Florentine artist Giuseppe Cassiodi. The design is that the goddess of victory with palm leaves in her left hand and laurel branches in her right hand is beside the sports ground. The number, place and year of the Olympic Games are written on the playground. The words "victory, unity" are written on both sides of the medal. The specifications of medals are also stipulated, and they are round, at least 60 mm and 3 mm thick. At least 92.5% of the first and second place medals are silver. The gold plating of the first medal is at least 6 grams of pure gold, the second is silver and the third is bronze.

All previous Olympic medals were based on this model and specifications. However, there are some breakthroughs in the medal design of the 2002 Salt Lake City Winter Olympics, with irregular circles and three-dimensional surfaces.

The International Olympic Committee also stipulates that medals and certificates for the Winter Olympics should be different from those for the Summer Olympics, but there is no uniform standard. Every Olympic Games, whether in summer or winter, the design of medals must be approved by the International Olympic Committee.

From design to final inspection, each medal has to go through 20 processes, and the last process includes the ribbon of the medal. 1998 Nagano Winter Olympics medals combine traditional lacquer art, cloisonne and carving techniques. There are different rules for awarding medals and certificates according to different events and the nature of participants. For individual events, the first prize is silver gold-plated medals and certificates, the second prize is silver medals and certificates, and the third prize is bronze medals and certificates. Medals should indicate the events they won and be fixed on a detachable chain or belt so as to be hung around the athletes' necks. The athletes who finished fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth have certificates but no medals. If the first, second or third place are tied, each athlete tied will get a medal and a certificate. For team events and team events in other events, 1 medals and certificates will be awarded to the champion who participated in at least 1 games during the Olympic Games. Each player who won the second place won a silver medal and a certificate, and each player who won the third place won a bronze medal and a certificate. Other members of these teams only issue certificates. Team members who won the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth places should receive certificates.

Commemorative medals and certificates

In order to make more people love the Olympic Movement and carry forward the Olympic spirit, the organizing committee of each Olympic Games should make commemorative medals and distribute them to every athlete, coach, referee and staff who has participated in the Olympic Games as souvenirs.

Olympic pin is made of copper, which is generally round, and there is no uniform design. Take the commemorative medallion issued by the 23rd Olympic Games as an example. 60mm in diameter and 4mm in thickness, packed in exquisite blue velvet boxes. On the obverse of the medal is the emblem of the 23rd Olympic Games, with the words indicating the year and two separate olive branches below, and the words of the host city, Los Angeles, above the emblem. On the back of the commemorative medallion is the torch symbolizing light, unity and friendship, and the number of the Olympic Games. In addition to medals, the organizing committee of the Olympic Games will also issue Olympic certificates to each contestant. Take the 23rd Olympic Games as an example. The certificate is 38x38, wrapped in a big envelope. The certificate says: xxx, thank you and reward you for your contribution to 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games. In the middle of the certificate is the Olympic emblem. The following are the signatures of the President of the International Olympic Committee and the President of the Olympic Organizing Committee.

According to the provisions of the Olympic Charter, medals or certificates awarded at the Winter Olympics must be different from those awarded at the Summer Olympics. Commemorative medals and certificates cannot be issued to members of delegations who have withdrawn from the Olympic Games. If an athlete participating in the Olympic Games is disqualified, his medals and certificates must be returned to the International Olympic Committee. In addition, the design of the commemorative medallion is the same as that of the medal, and its copyright belongs to the International Olympic Committee. If the host country requests the transfer of copyright, the organizing committee of the Olympic Games must draft the necessary documents in writing and ask the IOC to sign them.

Olympic commemorative card

According to the provisions of the Olympic Charter, Olympic commemorative cards will be issued to all athletes (including Olympic medal winners), officials and other staff members of sports teams, IOC members, presidents and secretaries-general of international federations recognized by the IOC, presidents and secretaries-general of national or regional Olympic committees attending the Olympic Games, and referees, timekeepers, inspectors and linemen officially appointed by relevant international federations within the quota stipulated by the IOC as souvenirs for the above-mentioned personnel to participate in the Olympic Games.

Team performance ranking

According to the provisions of the Olympic Charter, the Olympic Games is a competition between individual athletes. The International Olympic Committee does not rank countries in the world, but the Olympic Organizing Committee has established an honor book to record the names of medal and certificate winners (the top eight) in each event, which is kept by the International Olympic Committee. In addition, the name of each medal winner should be announced in a prominent position in the main stadium and displayed permanently. The rankings seen by various media are informal.

This ranking generally has two criteria, one is based on the points of the delegation, and the other is based on the number of gold medals or medals won by the delegation.

Qualifications of athletes

To participate in the Olympic Games, athletes must first meet the following basic requirements: the national Olympic Committee to which they belong must be members of the International Olympic Committee, and athletes must abide by the IOC Constitution and the rules of international individual sports organizations approved by the IOC. For example, in 1958, the Chinese Olympic Committee announced that it would leave the International Olympic Committee, and China athletes would have no chance to participate in the Olympic Games. It was not until 1979 that the International Olympic Committee resumed and China resumed its membership that China athletes returned to the Olympic Games in 1980. There are also some specific requirements in the IOC constitution, including not using prohibited drugs and methods, fair competition and non-violence spirit. Athletes who violate these regulations will be disqualified and their results will be invalid.

In addition to the above basic requirements, there are other restrictions. Including: ① age limit. There are no other restrictions on Olympic athletes except for health reasons in the competition rules of IFs. However, with the consent of the International Olympic Committee, individual sports organizations may limit the age of athletes in this event. FIFA stipulates that only three players from each team participating in the Olympic Games can be over 23 years old. ② Nationality of athletes. An athlete participating in the Olympic Games must be a national of the country selected by the National Olympic Committee. If an athlete is a national of two or more countries at the same time, he can only represent one of them in the Olympic Games, and this country is his choice; Athletes who have represented a country in the Olympic Games, continental or regional sports games, world championships or regional championships recognized by the relevant international individual sports federations, if they change their nationality or acquire a new nationality, must wait for three years after changing their nationality or acquiring a new nationality before they can represent the new country in the Olympic Games. However, with the consent of the relevant NOCs and IFs, and with the approval of the IOC Executive Board, this period can be shortened or even cancelled. If an athlete's country is a newly independent country, or his national Olympic Committee is newly recognized, he can choose to represent the new or original country in the Olympic Games, but this choice is only once. For example, after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, athletes from newly independent countries can now choose to represent the new country or Russia in the Olympic Games. All disputes over the nationality of Olympic athletes shall be settled by the IOC Executive Board in accordance with the above principles.

Referee

The technical problems of the Olympic Games are generally the responsibility of international individual sports organizations, and referees are no exception. Before the Olympic Games, individual organizations sent invitations to international referees from various countries to organize them to judge the projects under their jurisdiction. And those referees who perform auxiliary work, such as linesman, linesman and recorder, are mostly sent by the host country. The expenses of referees invited to participate in the Olympic referee work shall be borne by the OCOG. During the Olympic Games, they didn't live in the Olympic Village, but stayed in hotels according to the project. They enter the competition venues with their ID cards, but they can't enter the Olympic inner floor where athletes live.

The Olympic Games requires that the referee work be fair and accurate, and accept the supervision of international individual sports organizations, technical committees and arbitration committees. Unfair referees will be prosecuted or replaced. Of course, misjudgment or even intentional bias in any competition cannot be completely avoided, and almost all previous Olympic Games have disputes caused by referee problems. For example, at the Seoul Olympic Games, South Korean boxer Byum Jong-ll and his coach even punched the referee walker on duty because they were dissatisfied with the ruling, which became a major scandal of the Olympic Games.

Main stadium

The most important venue for the Olympic Games is usually called the Olympic Stadium, where the general opening and closing ceremonies, track and field competitions and some football matches are held. The Olympic flame will burn in a prominent position in the main stadium until the end of the Olympic Games. The construction of the main stadium also requires the host country to invest the most money and spend the most energy. After the Olympic Games, the main stadium will often become a landmark of a city.

Olympic Village

Also known as the Olympic Village or the Athletes' Village. Accommodation provided by Olympic organizers for athletes, officials and staff participating in the Olympic Games. In the early Olympic Games, athletes and officials from various countries were scattered in hotels, which was not conducive to the organization of the Olympic Games and the communication between athletes from various countries. The 8th Olympic Games was held in Paris on 1924. For the first time, the organizers concentrated the participants in a specially built wooden house, which was the earliest Olympic lining. During the Los Angeles 1932 Olympic Games, the city specially built a comprehensive building for athletes and official staff to live not far from the main stadium. Since then, this practice has become a tradition, and it is stipulated in Article 42 of the Olympic Charter: "In order to make all athletes, officials and other staff live together, the Olympic Organizing Committee shall provide an Olympic village for them to stay at least two weeks before the opening ceremony and three days after the closing ceremony of the Olympic Games.

The Olympic Village shall conform to the requirements of the Instructions for the Olympic Village formulated by the IOC Executive Board. The number of officials and other staff living in the Olympic Village shall be decided by the IOC Executive Board and shall not exceed 50% of the registered athletes. "The location of the Olympic Village should be near the main stadium and driving range. It is stipulated in the Olympic Games that there must be restaurants, hospitals, shops and cultural and entertainment centers as auxiliary facilities.

The Olympic Charter also stipulates that the organizing committee of the Olympic Games shall bear all catering and transportation expenses for athletes and officials in the Olympic Village. Delegations from all countries should hold a simple and grand ceremony when staying in the Olympic Village. First, the village head gives a welcome speech, then the head of the delegation gives a thank-you speech, then the national anthem of the delegation is played, and finally the national flag of the delegation is raised. 1952 When the China Olympic delegation arrived in Angel Hinki, the Olympic Games was drawing to a close, but the solemn flag-raising ceremony was still held in the Olympic Village. This is the first time that the five-star red flag appeared in the Olympic Games.

Olympic flag

19 13 was decided at the suggestion of Coubertin, and was first put forward at the Paris Olympic Congress to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the International Olympic Committee in 19 14. The pattern of the Olympic flag is embroidered with the Olympic rings on white silk. The national flag is rectangular, and the colors of the rings are blue, yellow, black, green and red from left to right. 1920 After the Antwerp Olympic Games, the Belgian National Olympic Committee presented the flag used in the conference to the International Olympic Committee and became the official flag of the International Olympic Committee. Since then, there have been flag handover ceremonies in all previous Olympic Games, but a substitute with the same pattern has been used, but the specifications are larger.

The flag of the Winter Olympics was presented by Oslo 1952, Norway, and its handover and use are the same as those of the Summer Olympics.

Olympic songs

1896 Athens 1 At the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games, after King George I announced the opening of the Olympic Games, the choir sang a solemn and moving song "Ode to the Olympics". This is an ancient Greek song composed by Greek samaras and written by palamas, but it was not confirmed as the Olympic anthem at that time. Since then, all the Olympic Games have been decided by the host, and there is no unified form of anthem. For example, the anthem of 1936 Berlin Olympic Games is Richard Strauss's Song of the Olympics. 1948 Olympic Games, Don't Focus on Yourself, composed by quilter and Kipling, was chosen as the anthem. After the 1950s, some people suggested re-creating new songs as permanent songs, but they tried several times, but they were not satisfactory.

Therefore, at the 55th plenary meeting held in Tokyo on 1958, the IOC finally decided to use the Olympic anthem as the Olympic anthem. Its music score is kept in ioc headquarters. Since then, this melodious ancient Greek music can be heard at the opening and closing ceremonies of every Olympic Games. The lyrics of this song are as follows:

Ancient immortal gods,

Beautiful, great and upright father.

Pray for arrival to appear,

Let eye-catching heroes appear in the sky of this earth,

As a witness to your glory.

Please light up the running, wrestling and throwing events.

These all-out noble competitions.

Present the winner with a crown made of olive branches,

Create a steel torso.

Valleys, mountains and oceans shine with you,

Like a temple built of colored rocks.

This huge temple,

People from all over the world came to worship,

Ah! Immortal ancient gods.

Olympic emblem

It is the most authoritative image symbol of the Olympic Games. According to the provisions of the Olympic Charter, the emblem designed by each host country shall not be used for advertising and commercial services without the consent of the Olympic Organizing Committee. This provision ensures the seriousness and authority of the Olympic emblem.

Since 1896 Athens Olympic Games, all previous Olympic Games have had emblem designs. 1988 the emblem of the Seoul Olympic games is composed of blue, red and Huang San, representing the philosophical meaning of the trinity of heaven, earth and people. 1992 The emblem of the Barcelona Olympic Games, the upper part of which consists of a dot and two curves, is blue, yellow and red. Blue is the blue Mediterranean, yellow is the sun that shines on Spain all the year round, and red is the life of blood. The design represents Barcelona's long-standing culture and modern vitality. One point and two lines not only symbolize the earth and the sky, but also constitute a person's state of motion, which, like running and jumping, symbolizes Barcelona people's consciousness of actively participating in the Olympic movement. At the same time, this pattern can also be understood as Barcelona people welcome guests from all continents with open arms.

The Winter Olympics also designed its own emblem. These emblems are mostly based on the Olympic forest flag or the flag of the Olympic Committee of the host country, with winter scenery or winter project patterns, which are very distinctive. For example, the emblem of the 10 Winter Olympic Games held in Grenoble, France in 1968, with a white snowflake in the middle and three roses around it, symbolizes the industry, culture, education, tourism and winter sports here.

The emblem of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games was just launched not long ago, "China Seal? Dancing Beijing has the following characteristics:

1. The design of the emblem skillfully combines the characteristics of China and Beijing with the elements of the Olympic Movement.

"Chinese seal?" "Dancing Beijing" takes seals as the main form of expression, and combines China traditional seals, calligraphy and other art forms with sports characteristics. After artistic exaggeration and deformation, he skillfully turned into a human figure running forward and dancing to meet victory. At the same time, people's modeling looks like the charm of the modern word "Jing", which contains a strong China charm. This work conveys and expresses four layers of information and meaning.