The delivery room should be located on the top floor or at one end of the building. In the past, where there were few mobile people, the internal structure had better be U-shaped, which can completely ensure cleaning and separation of sewage. However, the delivery rooms in primary hospitals are mostly in the structure of inner corridor, and the two-lane route of inner corridor should be further stipulated on the basis of clearly dividing three areas.
2 Three-zone division
2. 1 Sterile area Set a sterile area at the innermost end of the delivery room with inner corridor structure, including delivery room, isolation delivery room, sterile goods storage room, hand brushing room and various soaking bucket areas. Due to the limitation of building area, primary hospitals often combine delivery rooms with isolated delivery rooms, toilets with washrooms. With the continuous improvement of hospital infection management system, these settings must be separated for the needs of maternal safety and occupational protection of staff. The delivery room and isolation delivery room accept normal pregnant women and pregnant women with infectious diseases respectively. Only by separating them can hospital infection be effectively prevented. Hand brush room and bathroom are two areas with different functions. Hand brushing is the prelude to aseptic operation, while washing is the disposal after operation. If arranged in a room, it will lead to cross-cleaning.
2.2 The clean area is located between the sterile area and the contaminated area. For the delivery room with inner corridor structure, it is necessary to divide two routes: relatively clean and relatively polluted, which is beneficial to the management of the supply room for receiving and sending articles and the cleaners who transport the garbage in the delivery room, so that the cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of pollutants have a clear circulation route. The clean area includes labor waiting room, isolation labor waiting room, dressing preparation room, washing room, drying area, newborn bathing room, newborn inoculation room, baby touching room and office. The neonatal bath room and neonatal vaccination room in primary hospitals are often set in the same room, which is convenient for nurses to bathe newborns in the morning and vaccinate newborns within 24 hours of birth with hepatitis B vaccine and BCG vaccine. However, the CDC clearly stipulates that a separate neonatal inoculation room should be set up in the obstetric inoculation point of the hospital to ensure the safety of inoculation, which is conducive to vaccine management and the disposal and recycling of self-destructive disposable syringes. Infant touching is a rising obstetric service project in recent years. Setting the baby touching room in a clean area can not only avoid pollution, but also not completely restrict family visits. In addition, it is necessary to set up an office in a clean area, which is conducive to timely and convenient communication, notification and signature between staff and their families. It is not enough and inconvenient to set up an office in only one ward.
2.3 Contaminated area The contaminated area is located at the outermost end of the delivery room, including staff locker room, maternity reception room, sewage treatment room, toilet, flat car transfer place and duty room. For the convenience of work, grass-roots hospitals often set the staff duty room in clean areas or even sterile areas, and it is best to set the duty room in the buffer zone between the ward and the delivery room. On the one hand, it is beneficial for the staff to rest without being disturbed by the noise of the ward or delivery room, on the other hand, it is relatively far from the work area, which is beneficial for the staff to relax and adjust their state. 3 Infrastructure
With the continuous improvement of people's quality of life and medical needs, people have a new understanding and pursuit of medical environment. In addition to providing superb diagnosis and treatment technology and quality services, hospitals should advocate people-oriented and build a humanized family hospital environment, which cannot be ignored [1]. When arranging infrastructure according to the standard, grass-roots hospitals may wish to consider the following facilities: (1) When carrying out "one-on-one" delivery, in order to eliminate the fear of the parturient and make the delivery go smoothly, the facilities in the delivery room should be family-style and warm, and the colorful maternity bed, soft, spacious, clean and comfortable sofa and chair with backrest can be selected for the convenience of the parturient. Induction faucet and induction hand dryer are installed in the brush room, which is convenient for workers to operate aseptically. (2) The washing room is equipped with a soaking pool and a washing pool respectively, which is convenient for workers to soak and disinfect the contaminated instruments before cleaning. Newborn bath room should be equipped with water heater, air conditioner and ozone disinfection cabinet to prevent nosocomial infection during newborn bathing. Newborn vaccination room should be set up with hepatitis B vaccination table and BCG vaccination table respectively, so that the logo is eye-catching and prevent misoperation. Audio-visual equipment can be set up in the labor waiting room to play videos about pregnancy, childbirth and parenting during the labor waiting process, so that the parturient and their families can understand the labor process and increase the initiative of natural childbirth. (3) In addition to the duty bed, the duty room can also be equipped with some kitchen utensils, such as microwave ovens, induction cookers, drinking fountains, dining tables and chairs, etc. It is not only convenient for staff to rest and eat, but also avoids misunderstanding or embarrassment caused by staff eating in the sight of pregnant women and their families during the rest period. (4) The delivery room should not only have obvious signs between regions, but also have color changes, and promote breastfeeding, vaccination, postpartum gymnastics, baby bathing, baby touching, etc. with pleasing pictures. Create a relaxed and pleasant overall environment, make the obstetric environment full of humanity, improve the service level of primary hospitals, and meet the service needs of the broad masses of the people.