Problem description:
The more detailed, the better. Better have a source of information!
Analysis:
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency under the United Nations. Its predecessor can be traced back to the International Health Bureau established in Paris in 1907 and the World Health Organization established in Geneva in 1920. After the war, with the decision of the United Nations Economic and Social Council, representatives of 64 countries held the International Health Assembly in new york on July 1946, and signed the Constitution of the World Health Organization. 1948 On April 7th, the law came into effect after being approved by 26 UN member states, and the World Health Organization was proclaimed. April 7th every year has become a global "World Health Day". On June 24th of the same year, at the first World Health Assembly held in Geneva, the World Health Organization was formally established with its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.
WHO aims to enable people all over the world to achieve the highest possible health level. The organization defines health as "the perfect state of physical, mental and social life". The main functions of WHO include: promoting the prevention and treatment of epidemic and endemic diseases; To provide and improve teaching and training in public health, disease treatment and related affairs; Promote the determination of international standards for biological products. As of May 2005, WHO has 192 member countries.
The World Health Assembly is the highest authority of WHO and is held once a year. The main tasks are to review the work report of the Director-General, plan the budget, accept new members and discuss other important issues. The Executive Committee is the executive body of the World Health Assembly and is responsible for implementing the resolutions, policies and tasks entrusted by the Assembly. It consists of 32 qualified technical experts in the field of health, and each member is elected by its member countries and approved by the World Health Assembly. The term of office is three years, and one-third of them are re-elected every year. According to the gentleman's agreement of the World Health Organization, the five permanent members of the UN Security Council are inevitable members of the Executive Committee, but the seats will be retained for one year after the third year. The secretariat of the Permanent Establishment has six regional offices in Africa, America, Europe, the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific.
China is one of the founding members of WHO. 1945 At the meeting of United Nations international organizations held in San Francisco from April 25th to June 26th, the Declaration on the Establishment of the International Health Organization submitted by the representatives of China and Brazil laid the foundation for the establishment of the World Health Organization. 1972 in may 10, the 25th world health assembly passed a resolution to restore China's legal seat in the world health organization. Since then, China has attended all meetings of the organization and regional committee meetings, was elected as a member of the executive committee, and signed a memorandum and basic agreement on health technical cooperation with the organization. 1978 10 In Beijing, the Minister of Health of China and the Director-General of the Organization signed the Memorandum of Understanding on Health Technology Cooperation, which is a milestone in the history of friendly cooperation between the two sides. 198 1, the organization has set up a representative office in Beijing. 199 1 year, Chen Minzhang, Minister of Health of China, was awarded the highest honor award "Health care for all" by WHO. He is the first health minister in the world to be awarded this award.
Member States of the World Health Organization
All States Members of the United Nations that accept the World Health Organization can become members of the organization. Applications from other countries can become members of the World Health Organization only by voting at the World Health Assembly with a majority of votes. Areas that cannot assume responsibility in international relations affairs may enter the World Health Organization as a probationary member on the basis of applications made by members of the World Health Organization or other authoritative organizations that can assume responsibility for international relations in the region based on their own interests. The member countries of the World Health Organization are distributed by region (currently, there are 192 member countries).
Regional office for Africa
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, C? te d 'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi. Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Swaziland, Togo, Uganda, Tanzania, Zaire, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Regional Office for the Americas (Pan American Health Organization)
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico.
Southeast Asia regional office
Bangladesh People's Republic, Bhutan, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand.
Regional Office for Europe (Europe)
Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan. Poland, Portugal, Russian Federation, Republic of Moldova, San Marino, Slovakia, Tam, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Uzbekistan and Yugoslavia. Observers for non-member States: Holy See, Liechtenstein.
Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO)
Afghanistan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Li Bian Arabia, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.
Western Pacific Regional Office (WPRO)
Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Cook Islands, Fiji, Japan, Kiribati, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Cronia (Federated States of), Mongolia, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Korea, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tokelau (as a preparatory member) and Tonga.
Publications of the World Health Organization
The main publications are: monthly bulletin of the World Health Organization, published in English, French, Arabic and Russian, six times a year; Epidemiology Weekly, English and French; World Health Statistics, a quarterly publication in English, French, Chinese, Arabic, Russian and Spanish; The monthly World Health is published in English, French, Russian, Spanish, German, Portuguese and Arabic.
Planning and financing of the World Health Organization
Who's work plan is divided into medium-term plan and annual plan. Sources of funding for WHO:
The membership dues paid by Member States constitute the "regular budget".
Special funds provided by the Pan American Health Organization, the Voluntary Fund for Promoting Organizations, the United Nations Children's Fund, the Drug Abuse Control Fund, UNEP, emergency activities, UNHCR, disaster relief agencies and the World Bank.
Other income.
The history of the World Health Organization and international public health cooperation.
1830 cholera swept Europe.
185 1 the first international health assembly was held in Paris with the aim of formulating an international health convention, but it failed.
1892 the international health convention on cholera control was adopted.
1897 adopts another international convention-the prevention method to deal with plague.
1902 International Health Bureau, later renamed Pan American Health Bureau, later renamed Pan American Health Organization, established in Washington. It is the predecessor of today's Pan American Health Organization and the World Health Organization Regional Office for the Americas.
1907 The International Office of Public Health (OIHP) was established in Paris, with a stable secretariat and a stability committee composed of senior public health officials from member countries.
19 19 Allies were established to take charge of disease prevention and control of international concern in other tasks. The United Health Organization was established in Geneva, parallel to OIHP.
1926 prevention of smallpox and typhus has been included in the international health convention.
1935 international health convention for aviation came into force.
1938 the last international health assembly was held in Paris. The sanitary and maritime quarantine of Conseil in Alexandria was handed over to Egypt. (The Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of the World Health Organization is its direct descendant).
1945 At the meeting of international organizations of the United Nations, it was unanimously agreed that Brazil and China should establish a brand-new independent international health organization.
1946 the new york international health assembly adopted the world health organization (who).
1947 The WHO Committee organized a trip to Egypt to help contain the cholera epidemic.
1948 When the 26th member of 6 1 signed the ratification signature on April 7th, WHO * * * came into effect on April 7th (now as the annual World Health Day). Later, the first World Health Assembly was held in Geneva, attended by 53 delegates, and later became a member of the organization.
195 1 The new text of the International Health Regulations was adopted by the Fourth World Health Assembly to replace the previous International Health Convention.
1969 these renamed international health regulations removed tick-borne typhus and relapsing fever, leaving only cholera, plague, smallpox and yellow fever.
1973 the report of the executive Committee shows that people are generally dissatisfied with health services and need to carry out fundamental reforms. The 26th World Health Assembly decided that WHO would cooperate with its member countries rather than help them, and follow the practical guidelines for developing national health care systems.
1974 who launched the expanded programme on immunization to protect children from diseases such as polio, measles, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and tuberculosis.
1977 The 30th World Health Assembly set the goal: to reach the level of health care by the end of this century and the beginning of the next century; to enjoy health care for all by the year 2000. Everyone will live a rich life in social status and economy.
1978 The WHO/United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) joint international conference in Almaty, the Soviet Union adopted a statement on achieving the goal of universal health care by the year 2000, in which primary health care is the key.
1979 The United Nations General Assembly and the 32nd World Health Assembly emphasized that health is a powerful lever for socio-economic and peaceful development.
1979 worldwide recognition proves that smallpox has been eradicated worldwide, and the last natural case of smallpox occurred in 1977.
198 1 The United Nations General Assembly adopted and signed the Global Strategy of Health Care for All by the Year 2000, requesting other relevant international organizations to cooperate with WHO.
1987 The United Nations General Assembly expressed concern about the AIDS epidemic. A global AIDS program was launched at WHO.
1988 Celebrating the 40th anniversary of WHO. 1 1 The World Health Assembly decided to eradicate polio in 2000.
1993 launched the children's active immunization vaccine together with UNICEF, UNDP, World Bank and Rockefeller Foundation.
1996 who health development center was established in Kobe, Japan.
1998 50th anniversary of the signing of the World Health Organization Convention.
The relationship between China and the World Health Organization
China is one of the founding countries of this organization. 1972 the 25th world health assembly restored China's legal seat in the organization. Later, China attended all the congresses and regional committee meetings of the organization and was elected as a member of the Executive Committee. 1978 10 In Beijing, the Minister of Health of China and the Director-General of the Organization signed the Memorandum of Understanding on Health Technical Cooperation to coordinate the technical cooperation between the two sides. This is a milestone in the history of friendly cooperation between the two sides.
So far, I have held 18 technical cooperation coordination plan meetings with the organization, and the organization has provided me with various assistance of about 96 million US dollars.
198 1, the organization has set up a representative office in Beijing.
China WHO Cooperation Center
At present, China has 69 World Health Organization (WHO) collaborating centers, ranking first among countries in the WHO western Pacific region. The existing cooperation centers are distributed in 14 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, covering more than 30 specialties of 12 medical discipline. As a window of health technology cooperation between China and the World Health Organization, the WHO Cooperation Center has played an active role in promoting international and domestic health technology exchanges and personnel training, and has now become an important force to promote the modernization of medical science in China and realize the goal of universal health care at an early date.
April 7th every year is designated as World Health Day.
The goal of World Health Day is to promote global understanding of WHO's efforts to raise the health problems of all mankind to an important position and give priority. April 7th also became the beginning of a long-term plan to organize activities and provide support for the long-term maintenance of human health.
World Health Day is an annual activity of the World Health Organization. Every year, we should choose a prominent public health problem that has aroused widespread concern as the theme of World Health Day.