(Zhang Xianyun East) 65438+ The movement of British workers for parliamentary reform in the 1930s and 1940s was named after the People's Charter. 1832, the industrial bourgeoisie, with the support of the working class, forced Congress to pass the reform bill and was able to join the ruling group. But workers have no right to vote. 1836, craftsman William lovett founded the London Workers' Association. The following year, the Association drafted a petition to the National Assembly, which was published on 1838 in the name of the People's Charter, and put forward six requirements: all men aged 2 1 have the right to vote; Secret voting; Districts are evenly distributed according to the number of residents, and each district sends one member; Elect Congress once a year; Cancel the property qualification restrictions of parliamentary candidates; Members receive salaries. Workers all over the country responded enthusiastically, holding rallies and demonstrations and launching signature campaigns. Bourgeois radicals also joined the movement. 1839 In February, the first national congress of Chartists was held in London, which was called "Chartists Association" and decided to submit a petition to Congress. In July, a petition signed by more than 654.38+0.25 million people was rejected by Congress, and many chartist leaders were arrested. 1840 In July, the National Charter Association was established in Manchester. The association is well-organized and is the first mass workers' political party in Britain. Bourgeois radicals withdrew from the movement. From 65438 to 0842, under the leadership of O 'Connor, Chartists set off a second climax. More than 3.3 million people signed the petition. In May, the petition was rejected by Congress. Since June, workers in various places have gone on strike and street fighting has taken place in some places. In September, the army and police cracked down, and more than 65,438+0,500 chartists were arrested. Hani, Jones and other chartists persisted in their struggle. From 65438 to 0845, with the help of Marx and Engels, and with the help of revolutionaries from various countries in exile in London, the Hani people established the International Democratic Brotherhood. 1848, under the influence of the French February Revolution, the Charter Movement reached its third climax.1970,000 people signed the petition. The government mobilized a large number of military and police, banned workers from marching in London, ordered the dissolution of the National Charter Association and arrested more than 500 people. Since then, the Charter Movement has gradually died out. 1853, the National Charter Association no longer elected the Central Executive Committee. 1858, the association was dissolved. The Charter Movement was "the first extensive, truly mass and political proletarian revolutionary movement in the world" (in Lenin's words), which provided rich experience for the British and international workers' movements and had a far-reaching impact on the democratic transformation of the British social and political system. Its six requirements, except for the annual parliamentary elections, have been realized one after another.