Electronic payment tools can be divided into three categories: electronic money, such as electronic cash and electronic wallet; Electronic credit cards, including smart cards, debit cards, telephone cards, etc. ; Electronic checks, such as electronic checks, electronic remittance (EFT) and electronic transfer. Mainly electronic cash, electronic wallet, electronic check and smart card.

1, electronic cash

E-cash is the currency circulating in the form of data. Convert the cash value into a series of encrypted serial numbers, and express the market value of various amounts in reality through these serial numbers. After opening an account in a bank that conducts electronic cash business and depositing the money into the account, users can shop in a store that accepts electronic cash.

2. Electronic wallet

E-wallet is a kind of payment tool commonly used by online shoppers in e-commerce activities, and it is a new type of wallet commonly used when shopping in small quantities or buying small commodities. E-wallet is an important tool to realize global electronic transactions and online transactions. Many countries in the world are establishing electronic wallet systems to replace cash transactions.

3. Electronic check

Electronic check is a form of electronic payment, which uses digital transfer to transfer funds from one account to another. The payment of this kind of electronic check is transmitted by password on the network connected with merchants and banks, and most of them use public keyword encryption signature or personal identification number (PIN) instead of handwritten signature.

4. Smart card

Smart cards came out in France. In the mid-1970s, Roland Moreno Company of France took the lead in developing IC memory cards by installing embedded memory chips on plastic cards the size of credit cards. After more than 20 years of development, the real smart card is an IC card with an embedded microcontroller chip installed on a plastic card.

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Development stage of electronic payment

1. The first stage is that banks use computers to handle business and settlement between banks.

2. The second stage is the settlement of funds between banks' computers and other institutions' computers, such as payroll service.

3. The third stage is to provide customers with various banking services, such as self-service banking, by using network terminals.

4. The fourth stage is to use the bank sales terminal to provide customers with automatic deduction service.

5. The fifth stage is the latest stage, that is, electronic payment based on the Internet. It integrates the fourth-stage electronic payment system with the Internet, and realizes direct transfer and settlement through the Internet anytime and anywhere, thus forming an e-commerce transaction payment platform.

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