From 65438 to 0840, the British invaders launched a war of aggression against ancient feudal China. Because this war was caused by Britain's forced dumping of opium into China, it was called the Opium War in history. After the Opium War, China gradually changed from an independent feudal country to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country, and the Chinese nation began a course of humiliation, suffering, exploration and struggle for more than 100 years. ?

2. The Second Opium War

1856 10 in order to further open the China market and expand its interests in China, Britain and France jointly launched the war of aggression against China under the pretext of the yarrow incident and the Ma Fu incident, which is known as the "Second Opium War". This is the meridian gate of the Forbidden City at that time, with peeling walls and grass on the ground, which is the mirror image of the last dynasty.

The fallen Dagukou Fort, the main force of Tianjin Haiphong Fortress, is the dead Qing army on the ground. The war lasted for four years, and China lost more than * * *1.5000 square kilometers of territory. After the war, the Qing government concentrated its efforts on suppressing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, maintaining its rule and continuing to linger on.

After the fall of Beitangbao. Beitangbao was built in the 29th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty. In order to prevent the Japanese pirates, Qi Jiguang built forts on both sides of the Jiyun Canal, namely Beiying Fort and Nanying Fort, which together formed Beitang Fort, ranking second among the three coastal defense forts in Tianjin in the late Qing Dynasty.

After the fall of Qingbao, the scene was tragic. 10 18 in June, the British and French allied forces occupied Beijing, burning and looting in the suburbs of Beijing for nearly 50 days, and all the royal gardens in the suburbs of Beijing, such as Yuanmingyuan, Qingyi Garden, Jingming Garden, Jingyi Garden and Changchun Garden, were burned down. At that time, the Summer Palace and the Buddha Pavilion on Wanshou Mountain had been destroyed.

3.Xi 'an Incident

From 1936 to 12, the Xi Incident led by patriotic generals of the Kuomintang, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, and its peaceful settlement were an important event in the history of our country. Is it important to promote the anti-Japanese national United front on the basis of bipartisan cooperation? Played an important role.

At that time, in the northwest, the main forces of the Kuomintang army centered on Xi 'an were the Northeast Army led by Zhang Xueliang and the 17th Route Army led by Yang Hucheng. These two armies were not Chiang Kai-shek's clique and were repeatedly excluded.

They were extremely dissatisfied with this, especially the Northeast Army, which blindly implemented Chiang Kai-shek's non-resistance policy and abandoned the Northeast. After being spurned by the people of China, he was ordered to "suppress * * *" and suffered heavy losses. The whole army felt that there was no way out to "suppress * * *", and after the Wayaobao meeting, it strongly demanded anti-Japanese and recovery of northeast territory.

China * * * production party vigorously carried out the work of these two armies through various channels, strengthened Zhang's determination to resist Japan, and made the party's anti-Japanese national United front policy win the first time in the northwest region.

4. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, known internationally as the Second Sino-Japanese War, refers to a national all-out war in which China resisted Japanese aggression during the Second World War in the middle of the 20th century. From the July 7th Incident in 1937, the National Government issued a Letter to All Soldiers, and it lasted for eight years until 1945 announced the end of Japan's surrender, which was called the Eight-Year War of Resistance, or simply the War of Resistance.

1In May, 938, the Japanese army occupied Xuzhou, causing many massacres in villages outside the city. Among them, several five-year-old girls were raped and killed, which is shocking. In June, the Japanese army captured Kaifeng, causing Huayuankou to burst its banks and release water. In Anhui 17 County of Henan Province, Cheng Wangyang,10.4 million people were homeless and hundreds of thousands drowned. The Japanese army also breached the canal levee in northern Jiangsu, making several counties in northern Jiangsu become Zeguo.

5. Xinhai Revolution

19 1 1 year, the Revolution of 1911 broke out in China, which shocked China and foreign countries. This is a "relatively clear bourgeois-democratic revolution" led by the bourgeois-petty-bourgeois revolutionaries headed by Sun Yat-sen and attended by the broad masses of workers and peasants.

The reactionary Qing dynasty was washed away by this revolutionary torrent. 19 1 1 is the year of Xinhai, the main branch of the old calendar. Historically, the revolutionary movement led by Sun Yat-sen was called the Revolution of 1911.

Since the 1840 Opium War, with the further aggression of imperialist countries, China has fallen into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal situation. The contradiction between imperialism and the Chinese nation is getting worse and worse. The corrupt rulers of the Qing dynasty compromised and surrendered to the outside world, extorted money at home, and class contradictions intensified unprecedentedly.

The people of the whole country rose up and the struggle was surging. But these struggles are spontaneous and lack organization and leadership. The bourgeois revolutionaries headed by Sun Yat-sen drew lessons from the past and set about organizing revolutionary groups.

Baidu Encyclopedia-The First Opium War

Baidu Encyclopedia-The Second Opium War

Baidu Encyclopedia-War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

Baidu Encyclopedia -Xi Event

Baidu Encyclopedia-Xinhai Revolution