Italian painter. 1483 was born in urbino on April 6th, and 1520 died in Rome on April 6th. Formerly known as Raphael St. George. He studied painting with his father (the court painter of the Duke of urbino) since childhood, then transferred to the school in perugino and started his career at 1500. Raphael's early works show extraordinary genius. The Wedding of the Virgin was painted at the age of 2 1 year, which not only shows that he fully absorbed the artistic essence of perugino, but also came from behind and made innovations in composition and image-building. In particular, the balance of the picture, the description of the background, and the dignified and elegant images of the Virgin Mary and her husband Yue Se are all rare in previous painters' works. From 1504 to 1508, he lived in Florence, where he was restored and influenced by politics, democratic spirit and humanistic thought. At the same time, he carefully understood the artistic characteristics of the masters of various painting schools, learned from others, especially devoted himself to studying Leonardo da Vinci's composition techniques and Michelangelo's human body performance and heroic style, which made his beautiful style with unique classical spirit mature day by day, thus quickly achieving great achievements on par with Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. His series of portraits of the Virgin Mary are different from similar themes painted by medieval painters, and all of them embody humanistic thoughts with maternal warmth and youthful bodybuilding. Among them, Notre Dame de Orioles (Uffizi Art Museum in Florence), Notre Dame de Grasses (Vienna Museum of Art History) and Notre Dame de Gardens (Louvre Museum) are the most famous. 1512 ~1513 painted a large oil painting "The Sistine Madonna". The figures are similar in size to real people, and the triangle composed of the virgin and saints is solemn and balanced. The Madonna and Jesus are strong, showing the happiness and greatness of maternal love. The other, taller, is the statue of the Virgin of Frino in the form of an altar painting, as well as the statue of the Virgin of Chair and the Madonna of Alba later created, all of which are his perfect works. After 1509, he was invited by Pope Julius II to paint the murals of the Vatican Palace, among which the murals of the signature hall were the most outstanding. These paintings all over the walls and roofs of the hall represent four aspects of human spiritual activities: theology, philosophy, poetics and law. In addition to his unique painting style, his works also pay special attention to the full harmony between painting expression and architectural decoration, giving people a solemn and rich feeling. Other important works in this period include: Eliodoro was banished from the Temple and Bolshenna Mass in Eliodoro Hall, Fire of Porgo by the Fire Department, and Victory of Galatia by Fanesina Villa. The image-building and the use of light and color in these works have reached a new level, and they are known as the pinnacle of ancient and modern mural art.