Question 2: How to write the title of the paper 1? Definition:
The so-called thesis is an article that discusses or studies a certain problem. Its extension is an article, and its connotation is discussion and research. Therefore, it is a reasoning article. The emphasis here is on understanding "discussion" and "research", which are the essential attributes of the paper.
Second, the classification:
First, scientific research papers. Is to investigate a problem and write an investigation report; An experimental report written after a scientific experiment on a certain problem; An experience report that summarizes an experience and rises to a higher theoretical level. Their common characteristics are clear research object and clear practice process, which reflect the author's practice and research process. They often make qualitative and quantitative analysis through measurement, statistical data and environmental evidence. If it is studied as a subject, it is a research report.
The second is academic papers. It is a paper that has not experimented or practiced a certain problem, but relies on a certain theory or consulting literature to conceive and explore in theory and put forward strategic thinking. Or a paper that critically thinks about a theoretical problem.
The above two papers are not necessarily completely independent individuals, and there is no completely divided boundary.
Third, the form:
At present, most of the papers in the field of education come from front-line teachers, and most of them are papers summarizing experience. There are also research reports and theoretical research articles. This gives people the illusion that paper is the above three forms. In fact, a project plan, a case study report and even a lecture note are all papers. It is wrong to exclude them. If it is not a paper, is it a literary work or a news report? Or Lu Xun's essays!
Graduation papers and thesis topics need to be typeset in a standard format.
The format of the paper includes the following aspects.
1, paper title format: (under the title, indicate the author, zip code, work unit, and students write school)
Requirements are accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel.
2. Contents
A table of contents is a short list of main paragraphs in a paper. (Essays don't need to be listed in the table of contents)
3. Summary:
It is an excerpt from the main content of the article, which requires short and concise content. The number of words can be as few as dozens or more.
It is advisable not to exceed 300 words.
4. Key words or keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, which is the expression of the paper.
The central content of this word has substantial meaning. Keywords are the contents of papers used by computer systems for indexing.
Features of the text, easy to collect information system, for readers to retrieve. Each paper is generally selected.
Take 3-8 words as key words, and put another line at the bottom left of the "Summary".
5. Text of the document:
(1) Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface, preface and introduction, is used at the beginning of the paper. introduce
Generally, the writer's intention is required to explain the purpose and significance of the topic and point out the writing of the paper.
The scope of. The introduction should be short and concise, and stick to the theme.
(2) Text of the paper: The text is the main body of the paper and should include arguments, arguments and arguments.
Syndrome process and conclusion. The main part includes the following contents:
A. Questions-arguments;
B. analyzing the problem-arguments and arguments;
C. problem solving-demonstrating methods and steps;
D. conclusion.
Step 6 refer to
The reference of the paper is the main reference or citation of the paper in research and writing.
Literature, listed at the end of the article.
English: Title-Author-Publication Information (Edition, Publisher, Publication Date)
English: Author-Title-Publication Information
The requirements of the listed reference documents are:
The references listed in (1) should be official publications for readers' textual research.
(2) The listed references shall indicate the serial number, title, author and publication time of the book or article.
Version information.
As I said just now, whether it is for publication or graduation thesis written by college students, it needs to be typeset according to the above paper format, otherwise your thesis or graduation thesis may not pass the examination.
Question 3: Requirements for writing opening report in graduation thesis topic selection report: "Significance and main contents of topic selection research"
How many words does the opening report need?
Can you tell me the specific typesetting format requirements? I hope I can help you. Good luck.
The opening report mainly includes the following aspects:
(A) the name of the paper
The name of the paper is the name of the subject.
First, the name should be accurate and standardized. Accuracy means that the title of the paper should clearly explain what the problem is and what the research object is. The name of the paper must be consistent with the content of the study, neither too big nor too small, and you should accurately summarize your research objects and problems.
Second, the name should be concise, not too long. Whether it is a paper or a topic, the name should not be too long. Try not to use words if you can, generally no more than 20 words.
(2) The purpose and significance of the research.
The purpose and significance of research is why we should study and study its value. This can generally be based on the actual needs, pointing out that there is this problem in reality, which needs to be studied and solved, and what practical role this research has, and then writing the theoretical and academic value of the paper. These should be written more specifically and pertinently, and we should not shout slogans aimlessly. The main contents include: (1) the relevant background of the study (the proposal of the subject): that is, what is the basis and inspiration of this study. ⑵ By analyzing the local (school) education and teaching practice, point out why we should study this topic, the value of the research and the problems to be solved.
(3) The history and present situation of this thesis at home and abroad (literature review).
It should be standardized, and minor items can be omitted. Generally, it includes: mastering the breadth, depth and achievements of its research; Look for the problems that need further study, so as to determine the research platform (starting point), research characteristics or breakthrough point of this topic.
(D) The guiding ideology of the thesis research
The guiding ideology is what direction should be adhered to and what requirements should be met on a macro level. This direction or requirement can be philosophy, political theory, educational development planning, and guiding opinions on research issues.
(E) the goal of writing a thesis
The goal of thesis writing is the specific goal to be achieved at the end of the project, and what specific problems to be solved is the predetermined goal of this thesis: namely, the goal orientation of this thesis writing, the goal should be closely related to the project, and the words should be accurate, concise and clear.
Common problems are: not writing research objectives; The target deduction is not strict; The target word is inaccurate; The goal is set too high, and the predetermined goal has not been studied or can not be studied.
When determining the goal of thesis writing, on the one hand, we should consider the requirements of the subject itself, on the other hand, we should examine the actual working conditions and work level.
(6) The basic content of the paper.
The research content should be more specific and clear. And a goal may be achieved through several aspects of research, which are not necessarily one-to-one correspondence. When determining the research content, people often don't consider it very specifically. The research content of writing is particularly general and vague, and the purpose and significance of writing are taken as the research content.
The basic contents generally include: (1) the definition of the topic of the paper. Three points should be clarified as far as possible: research object, research problem and research method. ⑵ Definition of theories, nouns, terms and concepts related to this writing.
(7) Writing methods of papers
Specific writing methods can be selected from the following methods: observation, investigation, experiment, experience summary, case study, comparative study, literature and so on.
(eight) the steps of thesis writing
The steps of thesis writing are also the arrangement of the time and order of thesis writing. The steps of writing a thesis should fully consider the relationship and difficulty of the research content. Generally speaking, it starts with the basic problems and is carried out in stages. When each stage starts and ends, there must be rules. The main steps and time schedule of the study include: what stages are the whole study divided into; I hope I can help you with the start and end time of each stage.
What are the requirements of your investigation report?
How many words does the investigation report need?
In which direction should the investigation report be written?
Can you tell me the specific typesetting format requirements? I hope I can help you. Good luck.
How to write an opening report?
First of all, we should sort out the information collected in the preparatory work, including the name, content, theoretical basis, participants, organizational arrangements and division of labor, estimated time and funds, etc.
The first is the drafting of the title. This topic has been established in the preliminary work. & gt
Question 4: How to write the title of the paper at the beginning of 1 should be specified. 2. Title word 1, binding order: table of contents-executive summary-text-reference-writing process table-teacher evaluation reference should start a new page.
Paper type: A4 paper. A42 10× 297mm paper quantity: in triplicate.
Others (survey report, learning experience): all are required to be printed.
2. The cover of the paper is provided by the school. (or listen to the teacher's arrangement)
3. Font of paper format: all titles (including "references" titles) are in bold style; Author's name, instructor's name, abstract, key words, chart name and reference content are in italics; The text in the body, chart, header and footer is in Song style; English uses Times New Roman font.
4. Font requirements:
(1) Title 2 is bold and centered.
(2) The subtitle of the paper is Xiao No.2, centered next to the main title, with a dash before the text.
(3) Fill in the name, major, student number and other items in italics No.3. ..
(4) Abstract No.3 is in bold, with one line in the middle and one line in the upper and lower parts, and the content is in italics of Small No.4..
(5) Keyword No.4 is bold, and the content is small No.4 bold.
(6) Start a new page in the table of contents, No.3 in bold, with the content of Xiao No.4 imitating the Song Dynasty, and list the page numbers.
(7) The text should start on a new page. The title of the paper should be in bold No.3, and the text should generally be in small song style No.4, with two spaces at the beginning of each paragraph and single-line spacing.
(8) The title of the text
First-class title: the title number is "I", No.4 is in bold, exclusive, and there is no punctuation at the end.
Second-level title: the title serial number is "(1)", which is the same as the font size of the text, and it is a special line with no punctuation at the end.
Third-level title: the title serial number is "1." , the same size and font as the text.
Four-level title: the title serial number is "(1)", which is the same as the text size and font.
Five-level title: the title serial number is "①", which is the same as the font size and font of the text.
(9) Note: No.4 is in bold, and the content is No.5..
(10) Appendix: Bold No.4, with Song No.5 attached.
(1 1) Reference: On the new page, No.4 is bold and the content is No.5 Song.
(12) Print the words "Papers of XX College of Shanghai Fudan University in 2007" in small five font on the header, and align them to the left.
5. Paper type and margins: A4 paper (297mm×2 10mm).
6. Margin: 20mm at the top, 15mm at the bottom, 25mm at the seam (left) and 20mm at the seam (right).
7. Binding requirements: firstly, bind the catalogue, content summary, text, references, writing process table, tutor evaluation table, etc. , and then put it on the cover of the paper printed by the school (stick it with glue, and the staples cannot be exposed outside the cover).
1. Paper and page setup
(1)A4, vertical;
(2) Margins: top 25px, bottom 50px, left 62.5px and right 50px.
2. Header
(1) setting: 35px
(2) Font: unified use of Chinese: Xiao Wu Song Ti.
(3) dividing line: 3-pound double line;
(4) Content: Final thesis of XX College, centered.
3. Footer
Content: Page number, centered.
4. The basic content and requirements of the paper.
(1) Thesis title: Straight line is single, centered, Japanese: small two is bold; English: times new Roman18;
(2) Author's name: another line, centered, Japanese: Xiao No.4 Song; English: times new Roman12;
(3) Abstract: A new line, in Japanese, with contents in bold No.4 and small bold No.4, is longer than 150 words; English: Times New Roman 12, about 100 words in length;
(4) Keywords: new line, Japanese: bold No.4, 3-5 keywords with ";" Between each keyword. Split, small content 4 bold; English Times New Rome12;
(5) Text
Requirements for the body part: ① There are two blank lines between the body part and "keywords"; (2) Japan adopts the fourth song style; The English text is Times New Roman 12, the title is Bold No.4, and Japanese and Times are in English ... >>
Question 5: How to write the application form for the title of a big thesis? Graduation thesis is a link in the process of teaching and scientific research, and it is also an important way to assess and evaluate academic performance. The purpose of graduation thesis is to summarize students' learning achievements in school, cultivate students' ability to comprehensively and creatively use all the professional knowledge and skills they have learned to solve more complicated problems, and enable students to receive basic training in scientific research.
title
The title is the eye of the article. The titles of various articles have many styles, but no matter what form, they always reflect the author's writing intention and the main idea of the article in all or different aspects. The title of graduation thesis is generally divided into general title, sub-title and sub-title.
General title
The general title is the embodiment of the overall content of the article. Common writing methods are:
(1) reveals the essence of the theme. This title form, which highly summarizes the content of the full text, is often the central argument of the article. It has a high degree of clarity, which is convenient for readers to grasp the core of the full text. Such titles are many and common. For example, on economic system model, on economic center, and my opinion on the reform of county-level administrative institutions.
2 types of questions. In fact, the author's point of view is very clear, but the meaning is euphemistic and needs readers to think. This title form is easy to attract readers' attention because of its implied point of view. For example, "Is the family contract system a single job?" Is commodity economy equal to capitalist economy? "and so on.
③ Explain the content scope. This form of title, from its own point of view, does not see the author's point of view, but only limits the scope of the article. On the one hand, it is difficult to summarize the main points of the article in one sentence; On the other hand, explaining the scope of the article can attract the attention of peers and readers, so as to attract * * *. This form of address is also very common. For example, the two-tier management system in rural areas of China, the correct handling of the relationship between the central and local governments, the relationship between departments and blocks, and the analysis of post-war western trade liberalization.
(4) use judgment sentences. This title form limits the content of the full text and is flexible. The research object of this paper is specific and small, but the extended ideas must be strong and broad. This kind of title focuses on small things and big things, which is conducive to the expansion of scientific thinking and scientific research. For example, we can see the light of hope in rural China from the rise of township enterprises, scientific and technological progress and agricultural economy, and see the essence of beauty from the perspective of creating beauty through labor.
⑤ Use visualized sentences. Such as inspiring governance system, dawn in the history of science and technology, and shining theory.
There are many styles of titles, and the author can make bold innovations in practice.
Question 6: How to write a summary of the topic introduction in the opening report of graduation thesis, in which synthesis means synthesis and description, and more is not narration, but comments and comments. It is not enough to comment, but also to summarize the viewpoints, materials and methods. "Synthesis" refers to the comprehensive analysis and summary of documents and materials to make them more concise, clear and logical; "Narration" refers to a more professional, comprehensive, in-depth and systematic discussion of the comprehensively sorted literature. In a word, literature review is a scientific paper in which the author comments on the historical background, predecessors' work, controversial focus, research status and development prospect of a certain issue. Literature review is an academic paper written by collecting a large amount of information on a certain topic and making comprehensive analysis. It is a scientific document. Literature review reflects the latest progress, academic viewpoints and suggestions of an important subject in a branch or field. It can often reflect new trends, new trends, new levels, new principles, new technologies and so on. Learning to write abstracts has at least the following advantages: ① Through the process of collecting documents, you can be further familiar with the retrieval methods of scientific documents and the accumulation methods of materials; In the process of searching, we also expanded our knowledge; (2) Searching for literature and writing literature review is the first step of selecting topics and conducting scientific research, so learning the writing of literature review is also a process of laying the foundation for future scientific research activities; (3) By summarizing the writing process, the ability of induction, analysis and synthesis can be improved, which is conducive to the improvement of independent work ability and scientific research ability; ④ Literature review covers a wide range, which can be large or small, difficult or easy. There are two types of literature review in the second part. One is "grand review", which is a summary of literature in a certain field. The other is "small summary". The purpose of this review is not to introduce the frontier to others, but to introduce my own exposition and model, that is, to explain the current research status, where are the shortcomings, and what contributions I am going to make. Therefore, this review does not insist on being very comprehensive and detailed, but should focus on introducing the literature directly related to its own research. The third part reviews the writing process and methods of 1 Choosing a topic and collecting reading literature and writing literature review are usually out of certain needs, such as engaging in a certain scientific research for a certain topic of an academic conference and accumulating literature for a certain aspect. Therefore, the author is generally clear about the topic of literature review, not as difficult as the topic of scientific research. Literature review has a wide range of topics, from large to small, from a field and a discipline to an algorithm, a method and a theory, which can be determined according to your own needs. After selecting the topic, we should collect the related documents around the topic. Relevant methods of collecting literature can be, for example, reading monographs, yearbooks, browsing, snowballing, searching, etc. The more complete the document collection, the better, so the most commonly used method is retrieval. After collecting the references related to the topic, it is necessary to read, summarize and sort out these references. It is very important to choose a representative, scientific and reliable research document from these documents. In a sense, the quality of reading and selecting documents directly affects the level of literature review. Therefore, when reading literature, you should write "reading notes", "reading experience" and "document extract card" Writing down the inspirations, experiences and ideas gained in reading in one's own language and extracting the essence of documents can not only provide useful information for writing abstracts, but also help to train one's expression ability and reading level, especially sorting documents into document abstract cards, which is extremely beneficial for writing abstracts. Second, the format and writing method The format of literature review is different from that of general research papers. This is because research papers focus on research methods and results, especially positive results, while literature review requires readers to introduce detailed information, trends, progress, prospects and comments in the above aspects. Therefore, the format of literature review is relatively diverse, but generally speaking, it includes the following four parts: preface, theme, summary and references. When writing a literature review, you can write an outline according to these four parts, and then write according to the outline. The preface mainly explains the purpose of writing, introduces related concepts and definitions, outlines the scope, and briefly explains the current situation or focus of debate of related topics, so that readers can have a preliminary outline of the problems to be described in the full text. The theme part is the main body of the summary, and the writing methods are diverse and there is no fixed format. It can be summarized in chronological order, according to different problems, or according to different viewpoints. No matter which format you use, you should collect the collected data ... >; & gt
Question 7: How to write the title of the paper? Wolf, I think everyone should be familiar with it. It's a carnivore of the canine family. The appearance is similar to that of German shepherd, but the kiss is slightly longer, the mouth is slightly wider and the ears are erect. The tail hangs straight; The coat color is brown and gray; Wide habitat, strong adaptability, heat and cold resistance. Night activity, keen sense of smell and good hearing. Omnivores can resist hunger and eat.
Some idioms and proverbs about it are written like this: the wolf is ambitious, cruel and ruthless, in collusion, ruthless and greedy, and the wolf is in power, and the wolf will not change as far as the horizon; Bones are indispensable in a wolf's den; A wolf leading a sheep is the most dangerous; ; Wolves like lost sheep best; When the wolf swallowed his last breath, he still wanted to eat sheep; The wolf's head goes into the sheepfold and will never leave his body outside modestly; Wolves are always bullied by birds. These idioms and proverbs fully show that wolves were not liked and respected by people in ancient times, and they were always put together with some bad things, as if wolves were born against people. In fact, wolves prey on livestock because humans occupy most of the land, making them unable to survive, or because of food shortage. Besides, this is also a necessary condition for wolves to survive, just like people want to eat.
Not only did some people think so before, but now many people think so and hate or fear them. But I don't think wolves are that terrible. Dad told me that when he was watching the animal world two days ago, he saw a story. Several hunters went out hunting and killed a female wolf, but there were still a few small waves in her nest, so one of the hunters raised them, played with them every day and fed them. In this way, they get to know each other day, and the little wolf gets bigger every day. Finally, the little wolves came of age, and the hunter decided to put them back into nature. When the hunter was old, he suddenly remembered them and went to the forest to look for them. He learned to bark like a wolf to see if they were still alive. Unexpectedly, dozens of wolves were called, and the hunter was frightened. But he recognized the wolf he had raised, and the wolf wagged his tail and ran to him, taking him as his master. This story tells me that wolves repay kindness with kindness, even more affectionate than people. Some people forget profits, but wolves don't.
Wolves are also the protectors of grasslands. Herdsmen say that although wolves eat sheep, they can also bring some unexpected benefits to sheep. For example, after a sheep is bitten by a wolf, it can increase its disease resistance. As long as the wound heals, there are few other diseases. Even if the wolf rushes into the flock and pounces on it, even if no sheep is bitten, the sheep will always be on the alert for a year. In fact, most of the sheep killed by wolves are old, weak and sick, and those who can't bite are strong, sick and fat. Meat is very delicious when slaughtered in early winter. Moreover, herders also said that once the grassland encounters a major snowstorm, cattle and sheep freeze to death and starve to death everywhere, but with wolves, they will all be eliminated without manual cleaning, even the rotting bodies of livestock will not be left behind, so it is more appropriate to call wolves cleaners on the grassland.
In fact, the herdsmen on the grassland have mastered a small law, that is, there is an accurate proportional balance among pasture, antelope and wolf. Forage can make sheep grow fat and strong, and make excellent sheep breeds continue to be passed down. But there are too many sheep, not enough grass and not enough nutrition. At this time, antelopes and wolves are needed. Antelopes are a large group of hundreds and thousands, generally foraging in remote grasslands. Yellow sheep eat grass, plant grass, defecate and urinate, enrich soil and promote plant succession. But too many antelopes will overeat on the grassland, which is not good for animal husbandry, so you can't have too many, or you will eat up the grass like sheep. How can we control herbivorous wild animals such as antelope? Herdsmen have a very clever way to control the number of herbivores such as antelopes by using the natural adjustment mechanism of wolves, which is more labor-saving and effective.
Speaking of this, I think everyone will definitely ask: "What if there are more wolves?" Yes, there are too many wolves, so there is a wolf hunting activity on the grassland. But herders say that wolves can't kill too little, but they can't kill too much. Too little is harmful and too much is harmful. So the herdsmen's purposeful hunting came in handy. Don't beat the old, don't beat the small, and don't beat the disabled. When wolves are scarce, if you don't fight or interfere, wolves won't hurt sheep, and peace will be achieved between people and wolves.
Herdsmen fear and protect wolves and adjust the ecological environment of grassland. I think people and wolves can live in peace from this point, and I think wolves are also essential animals to maintain ecological balance. So wolves are not so terrible ... >>
Question 8: How to write the research significance of graduation thesis topic? The opening report mainly includes the following aspects:
(A) the name of the paper
The name of the paper is the name of the subject.
First, the name should be accurate and standardized. Accuracy means that the title of the paper should clearly explain what the problem is and what the research object is. The name of the paper must be consistent with the content of the study, neither too big nor too small, and you should accurately summarize your research objects and problems.
Second, the name should be concise, not too long. Whether it is a paper or a topic, the name should not be too long. Try not to use words if you can, generally no more than 20 words.
(2) The purpose and significance of the research.
The purpose and significance of research is why we should study and study its value. This can generally be based on the actual needs, pointing out that there is this problem in reality, which needs to be studied and solved, and what practical role this research has, and then writing the theoretical and academic value of the paper. These should be written more specifically and pertinently, and we should not shout slogans aimlessly. The main contents include: (1) the relevant background of the study (the proposal of the subject): that is, what is the basis and inspiration of this study. ⑵ By analyzing the local (school) education and teaching practice, point out why we should study this topic, the value of the research and the problems to be solved.
(3) The history and present situation of this thesis at home and abroad (literature review).
It should be standardized, and minor items can be omitted. Generally, it includes: mastering the breadth, depth and achievements of its research; Look for the problems that need further study, so as to determine the research platform (starting point), research characteristics or breakthrough point of this topic.
(D) The guiding ideology of the thesis research
The guiding ideology is what direction should be adhered to and what requirements should be met on a macro level. This direction or requirement can be philosophy, political theory, educational development planning, and guiding opinions on research issues.
(E) the goal of writing a thesis
The goal of thesis writing is the specific goal to be achieved at the end of the project, and what specific problems to be solved is the predetermined goal of this thesis: namely, the goal orientation of this thesis writing, the goal should be closely related to the project, and the words should be accurate, concise and clear.
Common problems are: not writing research objectives; The target deduction is not strict; The target word is inaccurate; The goal is set too high, and the predetermined goal has not been studied or can not be studied.
When determining the goal of thesis writing, on the one hand, we should consider the requirements of the subject itself, on the other hand, we should examine the actual working conditions and work level.
(6) The basic content of the paper.
The research content should be more specific and clear. And a goal may be achieved through several aspects of research, which are not necessarily one-to-one correspondence. When determining the research content, people often don't consider it very specifically. The research content of writing is particularly general and vague, and the purpose and significance of writing are taken as the research content.
The basic contents generally include: (1) the definition of the topic of the paper. Three points should be clarified as far as possible: research object, research problem and research method. ⑵ Definition of theories, nouns, terms and concepts related to this writing.
(7) Writing methods of papers
Specific writing methods can be selected from the following methods: observation, investigation, experiment, experience summary, case study, comparative study, literature and so on.
(eight) the steps of thesis writing
The steps of thesis writing are also the arrangement of the time and order of thesis writing. The steps of writing a thesis should fully consider the relationship and difficulty of the research content. Generally speaking, it starts with the basic problems and is carried out in stages. When each stage starts and ends, there must be rules. The main steps and time schedule of the study include: what stages are the whole study divided into; I hope I can help you with the start and end time of each stage. Master's opening report and thesis writing are our specialties, and our service features: supporting Alipay transactions and ensuring the safety of your funds. Three service modes and multiple reviews of articles ensure the quality of articles. Attached is a plagiarism detection report for your safe use. Infinite revisions, even the teacher who is making things difficult can pass.
1. Title: accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel.
2. Table of Contents: A table of contents is a brief list of main paragraphs in a paper. (Essays don't need to be listed in the table of contents)
3. Abstract: It is an excerpt from the main content of the article, which requires short and pithy content. The number of words can be as few as dozens, and it is advisable not to exceed 300 words.
4. Keywords or subject words: keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, and are words with substantive significance to express the central content of the paper. Keys ... >>
Question 9: What is a project report? That is, what topic you choose, write a general outline yourself and the teacher will check it for you. Is it worth studying? Is it worth studying? Is the previous research rotten? Is the topic too big or too small? Do you have the ability to finish this research by yourself? (Personal opinion, for reference only)
Question 10: The title of the paper explains how to write about the feelings of domain expansion.
Hello, I can.