Time: 1911;

Dynasty: Qing Dynasty;

Introduction: It was because the four imperialist countries of Britain, the United States, Germany and France colluded with the Qing government A movement triggered by seizing the rights of way to the Guangdong-Han and Sichuan-Han Railways that had been approved for commercial use;

The specific process:

The Qing government announced that the Sichuan-Han and Guangdong-Han Railways would be It was nationalized, but most of the shares for building railways came from gentry, businessmen, landowners, and farmers, and farmers accounted for a large proportion of the shares. After the Qing government promulgated the "state-owned railway" policy, it refused to return Sichuan's share capital. This resulted in opposition from all walks of life in Sichuan, especially from the working people in urban and rural areas.

Hunan was the first to oppose the "state-owned" policy. Following Hunan, people in Hubei also took action, writing letters to protest and holding rallies to denounce. After the people of Guangdong learned about the "state-owned" policy, they reacted extremely strongly and also rose up to fight.

The news of "state-owned trunk roads" spread to Sichuan, and people became furious and demanded a boycott. On June 13, the "Four-Country Loan Contract" was sent to Chengdu. The constitutionalists who originally supported "state-owned" turned to the stance of "protecting the road." On June 17, they initiated the establishment of the "Comrade's Association to Protect the Road" .

The establishment of the Baolu Comrade Association was welcomed by the masses. In just four days, more than 100,000 people signed up to join the association in Chengdu. Soon, "Road Protection Comrades Associations" were also established in areas outside Chengdu. As of September 7, "Associations" had been established in 64 counties.

In the process of organizing road-protecting comrades' associations in various places, secretive members of the Ge Lao Association were given opportunities to engage in public activities; the revolutionary ideas of the Tongmenghui also continued to penetrate into the masses. At this moment, the new governor Zhao Erfeng, the "Butcher Zhao" known for killing innocent people indiscriminately, came to Chengdu with an order of "strict intervention". At this time, the masses became even more furious, which led to a market strike, class strike, and grain and donation struggles that started in Chengdu on August 24.

In order to maintain its rule, the Qing government ordered Duanfang to lead the Hubei army into Sichuan to "seriously investigate and handle"; on the other hand, it ordered Zhao Erfeng to "effectively suppress".

Zhao Erfeng used the excuse that someone had circulated a pamphlet "Sichuan People's Self-Protection Discussion Letter" that promoted the idea of ??constitutional monarchy and local autonomy, and pinned the charge of "implied independence" on the heads of the leading constitutionalists. superior. On September 7, Pu Dianjun, Luo Lun, Deng Xiaoke, Yan Kai, Peng Fen, Zhang Lan and others were arrested.

After Pu, Luo and others were arrested, although Zhao Erfeng immediately posted notices saying "Only take the chief officials and ignore the civilians" and "Gather the crowd into the office and kill without mercy", thousands of people rushed to the Governor's Yamen to petition , demanding the release of those arrested. When they rushed to the camp gate, Zhao Erfeng ordered the shots to be fired and the cavalry galloped back and forth. There were 32 people identified dead on the spot, and the injured could not be counted. This is the horrific Chengdu murder case.

When Zhao Erfeng's massacre began, alliance members Long Mingjian, Zhu Guochen, Cao Du and others used hundreds of wooden boards to write "Zhao Erfeng first captured Pu and Luo, and then suppressed Sichuan. Comrades from all over the country "Hurry up and save yourself, protect yourself", then coat the wood chips with tung oil, wrap them in oiled paper, and throw them into Jinjiang. This kind of "water and telegraph" allowed people downstream to quickly know that something was going on in the provincial capital, and they rose up one after another and started a vigorous uprising of the Comrade Baolu Army.

The situation of armed uprising developed rapidly. In July or August, the number of rebel troops approaching Chengdu reached 100,000 to 200,000. Zhao Erfeng wanted to defend both internally and externally. He was so embarrassed that he called for help urgently.

The police telegram was sent to Beijing, and the Qing government decided to send reinforcements from six provinces including Hubei and Hunan to Sichuan. It urged Duanfang to quickly set off westward, and appointed Cen Chunxuan, a former Sichuan governor, to come to Sichuan to handle the suppression matters. However: the Hubei army entered Sichuan, which weakened Hubei's military strength, which was conducive to the revolutionaries' uprising in Wuchang; Duanfang went westward and was killed by his troops as soon as he reached Zizhou; Cen Chunxuan cowered after "obeying the order" and later saw the wind Instead, Shi Duo called the Qing court to "organize politics and politics."

During the armed struggle, League members Wu Yongshan (Yu Zhang) and Wang Tianjie declared the independence of Rong County and established the first county government under the leadership of the League. Tibetan and Yi people in western and northern Sichuan also joined the uprising.

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