Japan-US Goodwill Treaty (Kanagawa Treaty)

The Japanese representative is Lin Fuzhai, and the American representative is Matthew Perry

It was March 31, 1854 ( The treaty concluded between the Edo Shogunate and the United States on March 3, Kayei 7 (Old Calendar), is commonly known in Japan as the "Japan-U.S. Peace Treaty" ("Japan-U.S. Peace Treaty"). The signing representatives were Lin Fuzhai, the plenipotentiary representative for Japan, and Matthew Perry, commander of the East India Fleet, for the United States. The treaty mainly stipulated that Japan must open the two ports of Shimoda and Hakodate (today's Hakodate) to trade with the United States, and ensure the safety of American soldiers who were killed.

The chief negotiator of the shogunate is Hayashi Fuzhai (はやしだいがくのかみ)

——The signature of the Japanese version of the treaty, Lin's "big head" refers to Lin Fuzhai's position

?

The following people are Ido Kakuhiro for Edo-machi, Izawa Masayoshi for Uraga, Nagaui Mesuke Uden and others - the above people are the so-called "Miri" "I insist on accepting the contract" (i.e., the plenipotentiary representative for negotiations with the United States)

- It should be noted that these people are relatively low-level people and have no real right to sign contracts. They must be followed later. Zhang: Only the signatures of several "old middlemen" in the shogunate are valid

——The backup documents of the shogunate,? The "old middlemen" of the shogunate Abe Masahiro, Makino Tadama, Matsudaira Nozozen, Matsudaira Tadugu, Kuzehiro Zhou and others? Signed and approved

——English version of the treaty, signed by Perry