The meaning of these two sentences is: the colorful clouds reflected by the setting sun fly together with the solitary bird, and the autumn river and the vast sky are one and the same.
----Where does it come from----
"Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng" by Wang Bo of the Tang Dynasty
----Original text of the work----
The old county of Yuzhang and the new mansion of Hongdu. The stars are divided into wings, and the ground is connected to Henglu. It embraces the three rivers and leads to the five lakes, controls the wild thorns and leads Ouyue. The treasures are abundant, the dragon's light shines on the ruins of the Niu Dou; the outstanding people and places, Xu Ru sits on Chen Fan's bed. The mist in Xiongzhou is full of stars. The Taihuang rests on the crossroads between Yi and Xia, and the guests and hosts enjoy the beauty of the southeast. The commander-in-chief, Yan Gong, looks forward to his elegant appearance, and his halberd is coming from afar; Yu Wen, the fan of Xinzhou, is temporarily stationed with a curtain. During the ten-day vacation, there are many successful friends; I am welcomed from thousands of miles away, and the house is full of distinguished friends. The soaring dragon and the phoenix are the Ci sect of Scholar Meng; the purple lightning and green frost are the arsenal of General Wang. The master of the family is the butler, and the road is well-known; how can a boy know that he will be rewarded with victory? (Yuzhang Gujun, one work: Nanchang Gujun; Qingshuang, one work: Qingshuang)
The time is September, and the sequence belongs to Sanqiu. When the water is gone, the cold pond is clear, and the smoke condenses and the mountains are purple at dusk. I'm on the road, looking at the scenery in Chong'a. Coming to Changzhou, the son of the emperor, I found the old pavilion of heaven and man. The mountains are towering with greenery, and the sky rises above them; the flying pavilions flow with elixirs, and there is no ground below. Heting and Fuzhu are the lingering memories of poor islands; Guidianlan Palace is the shape of hills and mountains. (The first work of heaven and man: Immortal; the first work of mountains and hills: tiers of terraces; the first work of Jiegang: Liegang; the first work of Feige Liudan: Feige Xiangdan)
Pillowed with embroidered gates, overlooking the carved beasts, the mountains are vast and filled with space. Looking at it, Kawaze stared with horror. Luyan rushes to the ground, the bells ring and the cauldrons are home; the boat is in the water, and the boat is the green bird and yellow dragon. The clouds are gone and the rain is clear, and the color is bright. The setting clouds and the solitary owl fly together, and the autumn water and the long sky are the same color. The fishing boat sings late, and the sound is heard on the shore of Pengli. The wild geese are frightened by the cold, and the sound is broken by the Hengyang Pu. (Axis Tong: Shun; Mijin. One work: Mijin; clouds are sold by rain and rain, and Caiche district is bright. One work: Hong sells with rain and rain, and Caiche is bright.)
The distant lapel is smooth, and the joy is flying. The cool breeze blows and the cool breeze blows, the slender song condenses and the white clouds stop. The green bamboos in the Sui Garden are like the bottles that carry the air to Pengze; the red flowers in the Ye River are like the brushes that illuminate Linchuan. Four beauties, two are difficult to combine. I can only watch the sky in the middle of the sky, and I can enjoy traveling in my spare time. The sky and the earth are vastly different, and I feel the infinity of the universe. When joy and sorrow come, I realize that there are countless ups and downs. I hope that Chang'an will be safe under the sun, and Wu will be in the clouds. The terrain is extreme but the southern sky is deep, the sky pillar is high and the northern star is far away. The mountains are difficult to cross, and those who have lost their way feel sad; meeting each other by chance is a guest from a foreign land. When Emperor Huai disappeared, how old was the Xuan Dynasty? (Yao Jin Fu Chang's first work: Yao Jin Fu Chang)
Oh! The fortunes are bad and the fate is misfortune. Feng Tang Yi Lao, Li Guang difficult to seal. Qu Jiayi in Changsha is not without a holy master; when Liang Hong travels to Haiqu, is there no lack of bright time? I rely on a gentleman to see an opportunity and an expert to know his fate. When you are old and strong, you would rather have a gray-headed heart? Be poor and strong, and don't fall into the clouds. Drinking from the greedy spring makes you feel refreshed, and you still feel happy when you are in a dry road. Although Beihai is on credit, it can be picked up if it swings; the east corner is gone, but it is not too late to mulberry trees. Meng Chang was noble and noble, and he spared no time to serve his country; Ruan Ji was rampant, how could he cry at the end of the road! (See the opportunity. One work: live in poverty; Yiyuhuan. One work: And enjoy each other)
Bu, three feet of micro life, one is a scholar. There is no way to ask for a tassel, waiting for the weak crown of the final army; if you have a heart, you throw a pen, and you admire the emperor's long wind. He gave up his hairpin and wat for hundreds of years, and carried it to him at dawn and dusk for thousands of miles. It is not the treasure tree of the Xie family, but it is the neighbor of the Meng family. He is getting closer to the court day by day, wishing to accompany the carp; now I am holding my arm in my hand, and I am happy to support it at the dragon gate. When Yang Yi doesn't meet, he touches Ling Yun and feels sorry for himself; when Zhong Qi meets him, why should he be ashamed to play the flowing water?
Woohoo! The resort is not permanent, and the grand feast is hard to come back; the Orchid Pavilion is gone, and the ruins of Zizeqiu are gone. The parting words are due to the kindness of Wei Xie; the climb to a high place to compose a poem is the wish of the public. Dare to express your contempt, respectfully and briefly quote; every word is full of poems, and all four rhymes are completed. Please sprinkle the Pan River, and let everyone pour the land, sea and clouds.
Teng Wang’s high pavilion is near the river, and he wears a jade-colored mingluan to sing and dance.
The painted building is flying towards Nanpu clouds, and the bead curtain rolls into the west mountain rain at dusk.
The shadows in Xianyuntan Lake are long, and things change and the stars move several autumns.
Where is the emperor's son in the pavilion now? Outside the threshold, the Yangtze River flows freely.
----Vernacular Translation----
This is the Yuzhang County in the Han Dynasty, and is now the Dudufu of Hongzhou. The position in the sky belongs to the boundary between the two stars Yi and Zhen. , the location on the ground connects Hengshan Mountain and Lushan Mountain. With the three rivers as the skirt and the five lakes as the belt, it controls the Chu land and connects Fujian and Yue.
Like Ban Chao, he has the heroic spirit to write and serve in the army, and he also has Zongqi's ambition to "ride the wind and waves". Now I have abandoned my lifelong fame and traveled thousands of miles to serve my father day and night. Although he is not as talented as Xie Xuan, he still associates with many virtuous people. In a few days, I will go to my father's side, and I must accept his father's teachings like Kong Li did. Today, I can see Yan Gong and be received, and I am as happy as if I had climbed onto a dragon's gate. If you don't meet anyone recommended by Yang Deyi, you can only pat your own articles and feel sorry for yourself. Now that I have met Zhong Ziqi, what's the shame in playing "Flowing Water"?
Ha! Famous places cannot last forever, and grand banquets cannot be seen again. The grand occasion of Lanting Gathering has become a thing of the past, and Shi Chong's Zize has also become a ruin. Thanks to the gift of this banquet, I am allowed to write this preface before leaving. As for ascending to a high place to write a poem, I can only rely on the gentlemen here. I just took the liberty of trying my best to make a short introduction. I have also written a four-rhyme poem. Please be like Pan Yue and Lu Ji and show your literary talents like the rivers and seas:
The towering Tengwang Pavilion overlooks the sandbank in the middle of the river. I think the luxurious singing and dancing with jade and luan bells ringing has stopped.
In the morning, the light clouds in Nanpu passed over the painted pillars of Tengwang Pavilion; in the evening, the misty rain in Xishan rolled up the bead curtain of Tengwang Pavilion.
The shadows of leisurely colorful clouds are reflected in the river, floating leisurely all day long; time flies, personnel change, and I don’t know how many springs and autumns have passed.
Prince Teng, who used to visit the high pavilion, no longer knows where he is now. Only the surging river water outside the railing is rushing towards the distance.
----Creative background----
During the Gaozong period, Yan, the governor of Hongzhou, rebuilt this pavilion, and in 675 AD (the second year of the Yuan Dynasty) the pavilion was rebuilt. On the 9th, there was a banquet with officials and guests in Prince Teng's Pavilion. The author passed by here when he went to Cochin to visit his father. He also participated in the event, composed an impromptu poem, and wrote this preface.
----Appreciation of "Preface to Tengwang Pavilion"----
This article focuses on describing the majestic scene of Tengwang Pavilion. Describe the elegant and grand momentum of the banquet and express your own emotions. The article explains the historical evolution of "Old County" and "Xinfu". It starts from the geographical location and surrounding environment of the pavilion. “The three rivers lead to the five lakes, and the wild thorns are controlled to lead the Ouyue River.” “The water is exhausted and the cold pond is clear. The smoke condenses and the mountains are purple at dusk.” One color". Tengwang Pavilion is located in this vast land of Jiangnan. Then, the author's pen moves from far to near, from the exterior scene to the interior scene. "The terraces are towering with greenery, and the sky rises above; the flying pavilions flow with elixirs, and there is no ground below", "Gui Dian Lan Palace", "Xiu Wen", "Xu Deng". "The arms are smooth, and the joy is flying." Wang Bo couldn't hold back the excitement in his heart. A "boy" who "passes a famous area" is "lucky to be indebted to Wei Jie." He felt deeply honored to have the opportunity to attend the banquet. But in the face of the glory of high-ranking officials, it is inevitable to feel a bit sad and sad. He instead lamented his "uneven" "luck" and "wrongful" "fate." He expressed his inner depression and injustice, his feelings of "writing pen with intention" and "asking for a tassel" to serve the country, and his determination to move forward bravely. Emotions arise from scenery, and scenery is written so that lyricism, scenery, and emotion penetrate each other and blend into each other. It is natural, just like flowing clouds and flowing water, flowing freely and naturally.
Contrast and narrative, bright colors. Whether the author is describing the scenic spots in Hongzhou, the grand scene of Teng Pavilion, or describing the characters' experiences and emotions, he can do so with great eloquence. Zhanzhuan Shengfa successfully used the method of narration and dyeing. For example, when explaining the "outstanding people and places" in Hongzhou. Fourteen sentences are laid out in one breath, ranging from historical figures to real figures, from civil servants to military generals, and there are many more. It describes the scenery seen from the distance when climbing to Tengwang Pavilion, including sandbanks and islands, mountains and plains, rivers and boats, palaces and houses, and things behind the eyes. , recounted one by one, to name a few.
And this kind of narrative is carried out in comparison. This makes the article twists and turns, jumping up and down, and going back and forth. "The cool breeze blows, the fine song condenses and the white clouds are contained. The green bamboos in the Sui Garden carry the air to the bottles in Pengze; the Zhuhua in the Ye River shines on the brushes of Linchuan." String pipes, fine songs, fine wine, good articles, good times, and beautiful scenery , pleasing to the eye, and enjoyable. "Four beauties, two are difficult to combine", this is an unprecedented banquet.
In contrast, "the fortunes are uneven and the fate is misfortune; Feng and Tang are easy to grow old, but Li Guang is difficult to seal." It is so sad that the genius has fallen, lost and lost. This is a contrast in character situations. In the article, there are also "hope that Chang will live in peace under the sun" and "meaning that Wu will meet in the clouds", which are geographical contrasts; "flying with joy" and "all happiness and sadness" are emotional contrasts; "Yang Yibu" When we meet, we caress the clouds and cherish ourselves; when we meet in the morning, we play the flowing water, why should we be ashamed?" This is the contrast between the talent but not being met and the joy of meeting a close friend. This kind of strong contrast of colors can produce opposite, complementary, clear and clear artistic effects in revealing the inner worries of the characters and highlighting the central theme of the article.
The parallels are neat and the allusions are appropriate. In the whole article, except for interjections, auxiliary particles and the self-title of "Bo" such as "Chuhu", "Minghu", "Zolai", "Yuner", etc., most of them are four-character phrases and six-character phrases. Dual sentences of language. Some of them are single-sentence pairs, such as "The clouds disappear and the rain makes the area brighter," "The falling clouds and solitary owls fly together, the autumn water lasts for a long time, and the sky has the same color." The ruins of Niu Dou; outstanding people and places, Xu Ru sits on Chen Fan's bed", "The fishing boat sings late, and the sound is on the poor Pengli shore; the wild geese array is frightened by the cold, and the sound breaks the Hengyang Pu"; there are also pairs of the same sentence, such as "Three rivers and five "Lake, control the wild thorns and lead Ouyue", "Bringing three rivers" is opposite to "bringing five lakes", "controlling wild thorns" is opposite to "leading Ouyue". Another example is "Soaring dragon and rising phoenix", "Zidian Qingshuang", "Longguang", "Niu Dou", etc. are all pairs of this sentence. This kind of couplet is not only neat and symmetrical in sentence structure, but also intricate and changeable. It reads with a lively rhythm, neatness, harmony, and sonorous force.
Allusions that appear many times in the text. And they are all used appropriately and appropriately. Not only do they not feel redundant and obscure, they also make the article appear rich and elegant, euphemistic and sincere. "Feng Tang Yi Lao, Li Guang is difficult to seal", "Qu Jiayi in Changsha", "Liang Hong in Haiqu", these four allusions are used together to metaphor the author's rough fate, being ostracized for compiling for Prince Pei's palace, and being ostracized because of his work "Xiu" Although he felt resentful about being expelled by Emperor Gaozong in "The Chicken of the King of England", he did not reveal it, and there was no suspicion of King Kong's angry eyes. "Although Beihai has credit, it can be picked up at a high rate; East is gone, but it is not too late to mulberry trees." These two allusions are metaphors for one's strong belief in not being afraid of dangers and being ambitious. There are allusions such as "the weak crown of the army waiting for the end", "throwing the pen with a heart", "the long wind of admiration". It is a metaphor for one's own heroic spirit and determination to be proactive and enterprising.
Transform static into movement and use objects to personify people. The use of personification to write objectively static things into a dynamic sense is another feature of "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion". The author is good at selecting words and refining words, activating the physical form of "flying pavilions and flowing pills" and "the terraces are towering green". Just because of the words "flying", "flowing" and "strutting", the towering pavilions take off and flourish. The paintings are flowing gurglingly, and the emerald colors on the stacked pavilions stand out. The still life turns into an animal, which is indeed the finishing touch. And the ancient city of Hongzhou, just because of "drifting", "leading", "controlling" and "leading", has become a man who cuts "three rivers" into clothes, picks "five lakes" into clothes, and makes "barbarians" in recent times. "Jing", and the giant "Ouyue" is connected in the distance. As for the "handsomeness" like "Xingchi". The "Shengyou" who is "like a cloud" is even more vivid and has extraordinary charm.
In terms of art, "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" has the following writing characteristics:
(1) The sentence pattern is scattered and the rhythm is clear
The whole text is mainly composed of four or six sentences. , mixed with six or four sentences. Seven-character sentences, six-character sentences, four-character sentences, three-character sentences, two-character sentences, and even one-character sentences. These sentence patterns are interlaced according to the needs of expressing the meaning, so that the rhythm is clear and the content is continued and combined. Generally speaking, two-character sentences are used to express emotions (there are two places in the text: "嗟HU" and "woohoo"). Three-character sentences and four-character sentences are used to start or turn a topic. Six-character sentences or seven-character sentences used together are plain narratives. Forty-six or sixty-four sentences are used together to form a narrative or lyrical development part. There is only one one-character sentence "bo", which refers to both self and Teton. In this way, the whole text has ups and downs, but also flows naturally.
(2) The poems are decorated with parallel figures and the diction is gorgeous
The whole article uses couplets, which are not only opposite in words, but also in general in phonology. For example, "The sky and the earth are vastly different, and I feel the infinity of the universe. When joy and sorrow come, I realize that there are countless ups and downs."
"When Qu Jiayi was in Changsha, it was not without a holy master; when Liang Hong was in Haiqu, there was no clear time." "The setting clouds and solitary swans fly together, the autumn water and the long sky are the same color" and so on, the oblique and oblique alternate in one sentence, and the oblique and oblique in the upper and lower sentences are relative to each other. This pays attention to the rhythm without affecting the expression of meaning, and the sentences written are rhythmic and rich. This preface is full of music and poetry, such as "Wuhua Tianbao", "Juncai Xingchi", "Purple Lightning Green Frost", "Zhongming Dingshi", "Green Bird and Yellow Dragon", "Suiyuan Green Bamboo" and "Yeshui Zhuhua". ", etc., are all typical examples of paying attention to diction. In this way, the article's diction is gorgeous and pleasing to the eye.
(3) Use allusions, concisely and implicitly
This preface uses a lot of allusions To narrate and express emotions, some are historical stories, some are quotes from predecessors, and the techniques used are different. Some are used explicitly, such as "Feng Tang Yi Lao, Li Guang is difficult to seal"; some are used secretly, such as "Drinking from the greedy spring and feeling refreshed, "Everywhere there is a dry road, there is still joy"; some are used in a positive way, such as "Meng Chang is noble and has spare time to serve the country"; some are used in reverse, such as "Ruan Ji is rampant, how can he cry at the end of the road". The use of allusions strengthens the expressive effect of the article. .
----About the author----
Wang Bo (649 or 650-676 or 675), a poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose courtesy name was Jiangzhou Longmen. Hejin (now Hejin, Shanxi) was as famous as Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and King Luo Bin, and was known as the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty". Among them, Wang Bo was the first of the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty". In August of the third year of the Yuan Dynasty (676), Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty returned from Jiaozhi to visit his father. At that time, he unfortunately crossed the sea and drowned, and died of panic. Wang Bo was good at five rhymes and five unique poems. His representative works include "Sending Du Shaofu to Shuzhou"; his main literary achievement is parallel prose, which can be regarded as a moment in terms of quantity and quality. The most representative works include "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion" and so on.