Legal analysis: Forging other people’s signatures constitutes the crime of fraud. If it is used to create perjury, it constitutes the crime of perjury. If it is used to forge government documents, the circumstances will be more serious. Signatures have legal effect, and forging signatures will result in legal liability. However, merely forging a signature does not necessarily constitute a criminal offence. It is also necessary to comprehensively determine whether and what kind of crime it constitutes based on the specific behavior after forgery, social harm, harmful consequences, etc.

Legal basis: Article 171 of the "People's Republic of China and the Civil Code" If ratified by the agent, it will have no effect on the principal. The counterparty may urge the principal to ratify it within thirty days from the date of receipt of the notice. If the principal fails to make any representation, it shall be deemed as a refusal to ratify. Before the act performed by the actor is ratified, the counterparty in good faith has the right to revoke it. Cancellation shall be made by notification.

If the act committed by the actor has not been ratified, the counterparty in good faith has the right to request the actor to perform the debt or to request compensation from the actor for the damage suffered. However, the scope of compensation shall not exceed the benefits that the counterparty can obtain when ratified by the agent.