In the first year of Jingkang (1 126), the Nomads attacked Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) and demanded that Song Huizong cede Taiyuan, Zhongshan (now Dingxian, Hebei) and Hejian. At this time, Qin Gui, a member of the Staff Committee, put forward four more important opinions. First, the Jin people are insatiable and can only give the land to Yanshan all the way; Second, the Jin people are cunning, so they should strengthen their defense and not relax; Third, they called hundreds of officials to discuss in detail and chose the correct opinions to write in the alliance book; Fourth, put them outside to prevent them from entering the court. At that time, they had to cede their land if they wanted not to fight. The Northern Song Dynasty sent Qin Gui and Li Cheng to negotiate with the Jin people as representatives of ceded territory. Qin Gui still insisted on the above opinions in the negotiation, so he was promoted to the position of the ancient scholar in palace examination. Later, the rulers of the Jin Dynasty "insisted on the land, otherwise, they invaded Bianjing". In the discussion of North Korean officials, 70 people, including Fan Zongyin, agreed to cede the land, while 36 people, including Qin Gui, thought it was impossible.
In Song Huizong, after Qin Zong was captured, the Nuzhen nobles wanted Zhang Bangchang to be a puppet, but Qin Gui, the imperial adviser at that time, didn't say a word. It is suggested that Ma Su and others write a letter against Zhang Bangchang and ask Qin Gui to sign it. Qin Gui didn't agree at first, but dozens of officials signed it. Ma Su "resolutely invited", but Qin Gui had no choice but to sign. Because of his high position among petitioners, in the second year of Jingkang (1 127), Jin people opposed it together and arrested him, his wife Wang and his entourage. At this time, when I learned that Kang Wang acceded to the throne, I wrote a letter requesting to revise and polish the Peace Talks. Qin Gui also bribed Mohan with generous gifts, and Jin Taizong gave Qin Gui to his younger brother. From then on, Qin Gui succeeded to the throne for four years (1 130), and Jinjiang took the lead in attacking Yang Shan (Chuzhou, now Huai 'an, Jiangsu Province), an important town in the two provinces, and ordered Qin Gui to go with it. Why did Qin Gui go with him? Judging from the strategy of being lazy, only by inducing peace talks and colluding inside and outside can the Southern Song Dynasty perish. This "inside story" only exists in Qin Gui. Qin Gui's face of selling herself to the Nuzhen nobles was not completely exposed in the ruling and opposition circles in the Southern Song Dynasty, so the rulers of the Jin Dynasty took Qin Gui as a suitable candidate. Therefore, before going south, I discussed it with my wife Wang and made a dramatic performance. Wang deliberately shouted, "My father will marry me to you. At that time, he had a wealth of 0.2 million/200 thousand, and he wanted you and me to share joys and sorrows. Now that Dajin Kingdom trusts you, you will leave me on the road. " Arguing endlessly. The lazy woman, a car full of women, invited Wang to find out at home. Wang told the whole story. The female conductor told me to be lazy, and she also told Wang and his entourage to follow him south. After the fall of Yangshan City, nomads from the army entered the city one after another. People boarded the ship and went to Lianshui (now Lianshui, Jiangsu). They were caught by Ding Si, commander of the Southern Song Dynasty Water Village, and wanted to kill them. Qin Gui said; "I am the laurel in the suggestion. If there are scholars here, you should know my name. " There was a wine seller named Wang Xiucai. He didn't know Qin Gui, but pretended to know Qin Gui. As soon as he saw it, he made a big bow and said, "Zhong Cheng has worked hard. It's not easy to come back! " Everyone thinks that since Wang Xiucai knew Qin Gui, he didn't kill him, but treated him with courtesy. Later, they were sent to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). He followed Tart Lazy and gradually became his cronies, and made a series of actions to persuade Song Jun and other traitors in Chuzhou.
When Qin Gui returned to the south, he claimed to have killed the nomads from watching them and snatched the boat. The courtiers immediately put forward a series of questions; Sun Fu, Su He and SiMaPu were captured with Qin Gui. Why only Qin Gui came back alone? From Yanshan mansion (now southwest of Beijing) to the second trunk of Chuzhou, it is 800 miles to climb mountains and wade. Can't you kill the guards and go back to the south regardless of the wind? Even if Kim followed the lazy army south, Kim deliberately indulged him and took his family hostage. Why can he go south with Wang? Only his close friends, Prime Minister Fan Zongyin and Li Hui defended him and strongly recommended his loyalty to Zhao. However, doubts have not been completely eliminated. According to the History of Song Dynasty, in the second year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (12 14), China calligrapher Sun Dading wrote a letter, recalling that Qin Gui was brought to the Southern Song Dynasty by a jurchen aristocrat, saying that in the eighth year of Emperor Taizong (1kloc-0/30), ministers gathered in Liulin, Heilongjiang Province for the Song Dynasty. We should also see that the feud is so deep that it is difficult for the people of the Southern Song Dynasty to yield, so it is better to indulge in secrets first. In another record, Xu Jin's ministers considered the revenge of the Southern Song Dynasty and discussed Qin Gui's indulgence in returning to China. King Lu said that only by letting Song Chen go back first can he "come with me". Zhongjun said that this matter has been brewing in my heart for three years. Only one Qin Gui is available. I like this man. On the surface, he refused, but in his heart, he was often "obedient". Qin Gui has always advocated the policy of "people from the south return to the south and people from the north return to the north". If he can be released to the Southern Song Dynasty today, he will be determined. In this way, the Jin people decided to release them to the south. As expected, Qin Gui returned to Lin 'an, argued, secretly occupied the country, monopolized the whole country, and slaughtered the generals who resisted gold. Since then, the confrontation between the north and the south has basically taken shape. The Biography of Qin Gui in the History of Song Dynasty records that although the Southern Song government sent representatives to negotiate with the rulers many times, it still focused on defending and negotiating peace. It actually started with Qin Gui settling accounts with the Jin people. Because Qin Gui advocated peace talks when he was in the rulers, he became the agent of Jurchen nobles after he returned to the south.
After Qin Gui returned to the south, the first "gift" he gave Zhao Gou was that if nothing happened in the world, southerners would return to the south and northerners would return to the north. Among them, "southerners return to the south" is just empty talk, because it is not up to the Southern Song Dynasty to decide whether southerners return. And "northerners return to the north" was called for by Nuzhen when1/kloc-0 invaded Yangzhou on October 29, and this time it was put forward by Qin Gui.
Since the army and generals in the Southern Song Dynasty were mainly composed of people from the northwest, Jilu and other places, if Qin Gui's idea of "northerners returning to the north" was followed, it would be tantamount to giving all the land in the north to the Nuzhen nobles, and a large number of northerners who refused to lower their gold would have to return to the rule of the Jin people: it would be tantamount to self-destructing the Great Wall and disarming themselves in the Southern Song Dynasty, indicating that they gave up their armed resistance to the Jin people. The second "gift" that Qin Gui presented to Zhao Gou was that he first presented a "peace book" to the military aristocrats of Nuzhen. Zhao Gou felt that Qin Gui was "loyal to others" and couldn't sleep for joy, saying that "another scholar has been admitted". Qin Gui was highly appreciated by Zhao Gou and soon became the prime minister. After the strike, he waited for a chance to make a comeback and signed a peace treaty with Xu Jin.
Qin Gui put two "gifts" in front of Zhao Gou, which made him very worried and "unable to sleep". He had to consider that Qin Gui said that "southerners belong to the south and northerners belong to the north". I'm from the north. Where should I go? Qin Gui also said that there were "two strategies", that is, the people from Hebei returned to Xu Jin, and the people from the Central Plains were given to Liu Yu (he was a puppet fostered by the pension rulers in the early Southern Song Dynasty). When he became prime minister for a few months, these "two strategies" could stir the world. Zhao Gou said that he had not heard any shocking news. Minister Yun Chongli conveyed these meanings to Zhao Gou inside and outside the courtroom. From then on, people began to realize Qin Gui's treachery. Qin Gui's claim aroused strong dissatisfaction among the ruling and opposition parties. Because at that time, Zhao Gou was still afraid of the comments and momentum of anti-Japanese literati and soldiers and civilians all over the country, and had not made up his mind to storm the world. Therefore, Qin Gui's surrender route was not adopted, and Qin Gui himself was expelled from the Southern Song Dynasty. It was later confirmed that the envoys sent by the rulers to the Southern Song Dynasty demanded the return of all northerners, which coincided with Qin Gui's proposal that "northerners should belong to the North". People of insight further realized that this was the result of collusion with Jin people, and their faces were clearly seen.
Qin Gui's policy of surrendering and betraying the country was difficult to realize for a while, so he had to endure temporary setbacks, wait and see the changes of the political situation in Song and Jin Dynasties, and wait for an opportunity to make a comeback. Shaoxing five years (1 135), died of laziness. In the eighth year of Shaoxing (1 138), Zhao Gou took Qin Gui as its phase. Yan Dunfu, the official department minister, said with anxiety that Qin Gui was a "traitor". But because Tartin Raz is an old master of Qin Gui, the old master advocates using the strategy of surrender and peace to make Zhao Gou take the bait. Qin Gui, Zhao Gou and Tart Lazy colluded inside and outside, so they were worried about the Southern Song Dynasty. Qin Gui saw that the situation in Song and Jin Dynasties was developing in a direction favorable to his policy of begging for surrender, and thought it was an opportunity. So on the eve of the Song-Jin negotiations, Zhao Gou was repeatedly tested and tested with the help of the agent of the Jurchen nobles, which strengthened his confidence in peace and his position of surrender. After the ministers of the Southern Song Dynasty appeared in front of Zhao Gou, only Qin Gui left a performance. Please watch the wonderful dialogue between the bad king and the traitor. Qin Gui said: "Courtiers are timid about peace talks. They are at the two ends of the coin, so they can't decide major events. If your majesty is determined to make peace, please discuss it with me, and don't let the minister interfere. " Zhao Gou said, "I only appoint you to preside." Qin Gui said, "I'm afraid some inconvenience. I hope your majesty will seriously consider it for three days and allow me to report to you again. " After three days, he stayed to play. Zhao's idea of making peace was firm, but he thought it was not ready. He said: "I'm afraid there are other inconveniences. I want to ask your majesty to think it over for another three days and let me give you another report. " Zhao Gou said, "All right!" Three days later, Qin Gui, like at the beginning, stayed alone with Zhao Gou to play. He clearly realized that Zhao Gou was really determined to make peace, so he took out a draft to make peace with Kim Jong Il and still claimed that his ministers were not allowed to interfere.
In the ninth year of Shaoxing (1 139), Qin Gui signed the first Song-Jin Peace Treaty, ignoring the letters from Zhao Ding, Hu Quan, Han Shizhong, Zhang Jun, Wang Shu, Yue Fei and Li Gang. Zhao Gou was timid, pretending to be ill and hiding in the palace. Qin Gui, as the authority of the emperor, bowed before the golden envoy and signed a promise. Since then, Qin Gui's position in the imperial court has been improved, and the wars and problems in Song and Jin Dynasties began to be controlled by him.
"The Biography of Qin Gui in the Song Dynasty" said: "At first, although the imperial court sent envoys several times, it was really the beginning that it was peaceful with the Jin people." This is basically consistent with the actual situation. It took eleven years from the reign of Emperor Gaozong to the reunification of Qin Gui in the eighth year of Shaoxing. Generally speaking, the court of the Southern Song Dynasty did four things: (1) training foot soldiers to form a military force that could compete with the Jin people; (2) Collect refugees, resume production and save financial resources to support the regime; (3) unify internal affairs, pacify the chaotic situation of separatist regime after Jingkang (including suppressing peasant uprising), and form a relatively stable rear area; (4) Establish various laws and regulations to restore the social order destroyed by the war to a certain extent. This is all based on defense and war. Because of this, the territory equivalent to two-thirds of the Northern Song Dynasty was preserved.
As far as the thought of Emperor Gaozong at that time was concerned, it often wavered between peace and war. After Jingkang, nomads became independent and insurgents mushroomed. If Emperor Gaozong intends to make peace and beg for surrender, who will be the accompanying minister with him? In fact, the fragmented situation at that time was quickly unified and various political forces were quickly United, indicating that Emperor Gaozong did not lose the banner of "resisting the restoration of gold" and still had certain appeal and cohesion. During the Jian Yan period, the regime in the Southern Song Dynasty was unstable, and the Jin people were bound to destroy it, but they could not make peace. After three years of advice, Emperor Gaozong was chased by Jin people from Yangzhou to Mingzhou and all the way to the sea. After four years of advice, Jin Jun withdrew from Jiangnan, and Gaozong returned to Yuezhou from Wenzhou and then to Hangzhou. Lv Yihao, Zhao Ding, Zhang Jun and others, who successively served as prime ministers, fought by defending. Although many envoys were sent to make peace, they were usually regarded as strategic (except Qin Gui). According to Lv Yihao, they are "making books proud", "making books weak" and "unexpectedly exploring the North". In the second year of Shaoxing, Lv Yihao asked for the Northern Expedition, in the fourth year of Shaoxing, Zhao Ding asked for personal expedition, and in the seventh year of Shaoxing, Zhang Jun asked the emperor to stay in Jiankang. Although the emperor was not very firm, he agreed after all.
"Qin Gui's sin went to heaven because it was not enough to be redeemed. It is precisely because of its beginning that it sings evil and seeks the wrong country. In the middle, it takes advantage of the situation to want the king ... and the disadvantages of the last stream, leaving the king behind, as for being so extreme. " Qin Gui's "bad plan" should start from his letter to Wan Yan Han Zong on behalf of Hui Zong, which clearly stated that "the world is a vassal and pays tribute every year", which won the appreciation of Han Zong. Recommend him to Jin Taizong, and Jin Taizong gave him to Chang. After returning to the south, Emperor Gaozong received it for the first time, that is, the proposal that "the south comes from the south and the north comes from the north" was first established, and a "credentials" was presented. Later, the "credentials" were issued in the name of Liu Guangshi, and Emperor Gaozong promised to be "Park Chung-jen". But at this time, the military strength of the Southern Song Dynasty was gradually strengthening, and the hawks still occupied a very important position in the DPRK. Jin Ting's ruling Han Zong faction was unwilling to give up the idea of destroying the Song Dynasty, and Emperor Gaozong was still vacillating between peace and war. So this stage lasted for a long time. It was not until after his death that Zong Pan and Chang Cai mastered the power and adopted the policy of luring and surrendering to the Southern Song Dynasty. Qin Gui staged a comeback, and the hawks were frustrated both inside and outside, so Emperor Gaozong gradually turned to peace.
It was not until he was entrusted as the plenipotentiary of gold surrender that he began to enter the stage of "China wants to seize the throne" as Zhu said. After entering this stage, all the important actions of the imperial court depended on Qin Gui, and it was almost impossible for the emperor to make any decision independently. Qin Gui's position in the Southern Song Dynasty was no longer below that of Emperor Zhao Gou, but above his palm. This is a number, and Zhao Gou must inherit his breathing. At that time, an official named Hu Quan objected to "making peace" and made a memorial to beg Qin Gui's head, which was broadcast at the stage when Qin Gui wanted a monarch. He was immediately attacked by Qin Gui, drafted by Qin Gui himself, and exiled to "Zhaozhou (now Pingle County, Guangxi) for editing". Because I was pregnant for a month, I wanted to leave a few days later, and the result was sent to the relegation office by the Lin' an government. A few days later, Qin Gui still felt that the punishment for Hu Quan was too light, which may not make those who opposed "making peace" remain silent from now on. Therefore, he coerced Zhao Gou to issue an Amnesty, calling Hu Quan's leniency "arrogant and vicious" and "bullying the weak by bullying the strong", and warned China and foreign countries not to follow suit. (For details, please refer to the Annals of Jian Yan (volume 124). )
This shows that Qin Gui has become a tiger's ass after he entered the stage of "taking advantage of the situation to be king", and his power can be said to be dominant and pervasive. If such a person is still called a "pure robber" and still considered as "what can he do", then if he is not really ignorant of the historical situation at that time, he is only considered as deliberately excusing Qin Gui's various criminal acts. Less than a year after the signing of the first Song-Jin Peace Treaty, a coup took place within the Jin ruling group, and the lazy player who advocated the strategy of persuading surrender and peace in the Southern Song Dynasty was killed, and Zong Bi () came to power. From the 10th year of Shaoxing (1 140), Jin tore up the peace treaty and invaded Henan and Shaanxi with Zong Bi as the commander in chief. With the support of the people, Yue Fei and Liu Qi, the generals of the Southern Song Dynasty who fought against the Jin Dynasty, defeated the Jin Bing and got into a good situation. The nomads from the army are preparing to surrender. Even Jin Shuai, who is famous for his cunning, cannot control his subordinates. He can only order Yue Jiajun to surrender as soon as he arrives. General Kim often attaches 50,000 cavalry, and Yue Fei is very happy to meet the victory. He said to the ministers: "Go directly to Huanglongfu (now Nong 'an, Jilin Province, Jurchen base) and have a drink with the public!" "When crossing the river in a few days, Qin Gui wanted to give the land north of the Huaihe River to the ruler and ordered Yue Fei to retreat. Yue Fei's report to the court said: "Jin people lost their spirit and integrity, abandoned all equipment and food, and crossed the river in haste." However, our officers and men were invincible when they didn't come again. March for victory. Qin Gui deeply unloaded the will of Yue Fei to resist gold, so he withdrew Zhang Jun and Yang Yizhong's troops first, and then said that Yue Fei could not fight alone for a long time, and ordered him to withdraw as soon as possible. Within one day, Zhao Gou and Qin Gui signed 12 gold plates (painted in' wooden raft' red ink), and messengers galloped past with placards. Pedestrians had to give way when they saw them. They have to walk 500 miles every day. They used it to transmit the most urgent military orders and decrees and urged them to withdraw their troops. Yue Fei cried indignantly and said with regret: "Ten years of hard work will be wasted once!" Reluctantly ordered the withdrawal. The people bridled their horses and wept bitterly, while Yue Fei wept bitterly. The capitulators in the Southern Song Dynasty, represented by Zhao Gou and Qin Gui, are the real power. They are worried that the smooth development of the Anti-Gold War will cause dissatisfaction among the Jurchen nobles, and that the rapid growth of the Yue family army will threaten their dominant position. So when victory was in sight, Yue Fei was forced to retreat. In the 11th year of Shaoxing (1 14 1), in April, Qin Gui tried to take over the military power of important generals, in order to remove the obstacles that were not conducive to his surrender. So Mizhou called three generals, Han Shizhong, Zhang Jun and Yue Fei, into the palace to "reward". Three will go to Lin 'an, Han Shizhong and Zhang Jun as Tang envoys, and Yue Fei as deputy envoys (both Tang envoys and Tang envoys are responsible for important military affairs). Ming Sheng official position, real military power. At the same time, three publicity departments set up specifically for resisting gold were also cancelled.
When Zongbi learned that Qin Gui had relieved the three generals of their military power and destroyed the Great Wall, he took the opportunity to make several military threats to the Southern Song Dynasty. He informed Zhao Gou that all armies went hand in hand by land and water, and went south to investigate crimes, saying that if they were willing to surrender, they would cede the land and people north of Huaishui to Xu Jin. At the same time, the ruler sent someone to instruct Cha Ming to slay Yue Fei, who made the greatest contribution in the War of Resistance Against Gold, before making peace. In the 11th year of Shaoxing (1 14 1), Yue Fei was put into prison at the behest of Jin people. He sent Wan Sixie, the disciplinarian, to collect perjury, organize prison words and accuse Luo Zhi. Qin Gui colluded with Zhang Jun, bribed and colluded with important generals of Yue Jiajun, such as Zhang Xian, Wang Gui, Wang Jun, etc., adhering to Qin Gui's will, falsely accused Zhang Xianyu of changing according to Xiangyang, in order to restore Yue Fei's relieving. Zhang Xiansui was arrested and imprisoned, and Yue Fei and Yue Yun were also sent to Dali Temple (the highest judicial organ in the Southern Song Dynasty). After Yue Fei was arrested, Qin Gui stepped up his surrender activities. 1 1 month, zong bi sent Xiao Yi to Lin' an, and proposed that "drawing Huai as the boundary, 252,000 silver silks a year, and cutting Tang and Deng two states" was the condition of peace talks. This is the second peace treaty between Song and Jin, which is called "Shaoxing Peace Conference" in history.
After the signing of the peace treaty, Qin Gui stepped up the persecution of Yue Fei and others according to the intention of the Jurchen nobles. Yue Fei has been arrested for more than two months, and the "charges" have not been fabricated. One day, Qin Gui lived alone in the library, eating oranges and thoughtfully scratching the orange peel with his fingers. His wife, Wang, is always very insidious. Seeing Qin Gui's action, she said with a wry smile, "Why didn't the old man make a decision? It's easy to catch a tiger, but difficult to set it free! " Knowing what Wang meant, he wrote a small note to the jailer. Yue Fei died in prison that day, and Yue Yun and Zhang Xian were killed in the city. This day is December 29th, 11th year of Shaoxing (1142 65438+1October 27th). Qin Gui hated Yue Fei's repeated mistakes in sound blindness and negotiation, and wrote to Zhao Gou asking for the formulation of national policies. This violated Qin Gui's surrender policy, so Qin Gui always wanted to kill him. Yue Fei was arrested, and subjects with a sense of justice were filled with indignation. When Yue Fei was about to be killed, Han Shizhong was very angry and asked Qin Gui how much crime Yue Fei and his son had committed, what was the fact and what evidence was there? Qin Gui said, "It's not necessary" (meaning "isn't it?" . Not "maybe, maybe". )。 Han Shizhong said, "How can we conquer the world without three words?" At this time, Han Shizhong no longer served as an envoy of the Tang Dynasty. He was so angry that he had to ride a donkey carrying wine around the West Lake. After Yue Fei was killed, his family was exiled to Lingnan, and those involved were imprisoned or exiled, or died in prison. On the contrary, whoever follows Qin Gui to frame Yue Fei will be promoted. Qin Gui took over the power and excluded dissidents, which not only trapped Yue Fei and others, but also spared other loyal ministers and generals in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the persecution methods were innovative. At that time, Qin Gui could already play with Zhao Gou, and its influence extended to politics, military affairs, finance and criminal law. The ego is also "there must be something, and there will be it naturally." As far as criminal law is concerned, as summarized in Xu's Chronicle of Song Zaifu after his death, the temple of law forbids official business, disobeys the law and discipline, and only regards temporary private interests. If you die, you will die, and if you live, you will live. (Music) Therefore, the rights and interests are heavy and the situation is prosperous. People all over the world are afraid of it and avoid it. Luo Zhi was accused of framing Yue Fei's father and son and Zhang Xian, and was killed. This is a typical example of Qin Gui's laissez-faire "temporary self-interest" and "death is death". Shortly after Qin Gui's death, Qin Gui's right to kill was exposed in an imperial edict issued by Zhao Gou. According to the annals of Jian Yan (volume 170), Shen Jia (1 156 1.5) recorded in Shaoxing for twenty-five years:
Imperial edict: the official committed a crime, and the investigation is over. Since then, most ministers have made "special orders" and implemented them at the same time. From now on, the three provinces will accept orders.
The so-called "minister" here immediately refers to Qin Gui; The so-called "special imperial edict" is actually synonymous with "false imperial edict", that is, the Yue Fei prison case of "changing imperial edict" is definitely included although it is not clearly pointed out in this imperial edict. The History of Song Dynasty Criminal Law (II) points out more clearly that the unjust imprisonment of Yue Fei and Zhang Xian was entirely caused by the rectification movement in Qin Gui. The article said that in the 11th year of Shaoxing, Zhang Jun, an envoy of the Tang Dynasty, made people falsely accuse Zhang Xian of accepting Yue Fei's words and seeking change. Qin Gui wanted to take this opportunity to fly, so he ordered Wan Sixie to have an exercise. Ficci died, killed his son and sacrificed him in the city. ..... Guangxi handsome Hu Shunyi and transshipment made Lu Yuan have a gap, which originated from Shunyi's despicable and arrogant plan. He also read the book and said that Shunyi laughed off the failure of state affairs. I am evil and obedient, so I sent Dali officials to rule it. In June of 13th year, Shunyi refused to accept it and died in prison. Fei Lai Shun died, the Ming forces became more and more fierce, and dissidents were arrested repeatedly. It's called a imperial edict, but it's not a imperial edict. Later, the so-called imperial edict to prison, if so, was not prepared to record clouds.
Associated with many historical facts at that time, for example, after Yue Fei was imprisoned, most people who wanted to rescue him went to negotiate and argue with Qin Gui, but few people gave advice to Zhao Gou, so we can know that every sentence in this narrative of Songshi Criminal Law (II) is practical. The conclusions are all fair. "This is called the imperial edict, not the imperial edict", which can best reflect the real situation of Qin Gui's unjust case. Therefore, as long as we can discuss this historical event calmly and realistically, we can't deny that Qin Gui was the chief culprit in killing Yue Fei and his son and Zhang Xian.