Lamborghini has also been translated into Lamborghini and Lamborghini (Taiwan translation). Automobili Lamborghini Co., Ltd. is a super sports car manufacturer located in Santagata, Bronn. 1963, which was founded by entrepreneur ferruccio Lamborghini. In the early days, due to the poor management of the company, the right to operate changed hands several times.
Lamborghini Company's full name: ferruccio Lamborghini Automobile S.P.A ferruccio Lamborghini Automobile Co., Ltd. Italy and even the whole world, Lamborghini is very strange, it was mysteriously born and existed, and unexpectedly launched one super sports car after another. Lamborghini best represents the 2700-year history of Rome. Rome, the city of seven hills, was built in a difficult place, and its expansion and attack were condensed in the blood at the first moment. Lamborghini is a natural enemy of Ferrari and destined to be a strong opponent of all super sports cars in the world. It is a demon, but it is not here to ravage the world; It is Satan because it has gone the other way. It is a rare work of art in the world, and Gandini, the most famous Italian designer, devoted his life to it. Every corner and every line is so perfect that it silently interprets Lamborghini's almost primitive beauty. Not many people can have it because it is incredibly expensive. It is high above, breathing the thin air in the sky and attracting the admiration of the ground. Lamborghini supercar, which came to this world to challenge Ferrari, may one day change its mission when it was born, but its lifelong inheritance is absurd and unreasonable. Such a maverick sports car brand has been the focus of car chase and curiosity in the world for decades. [1] The symbol of the company is a stubborn cow full of strength and ready to launch a fierce attack on its opponents at any time. It is said that Lamborghini himself is not to be outdone, which also reflects the product characteristics of Lamborghini, because the cars produced by the company are all high-power and high-speed sports cars. The company name is omitted from the trademarks at the front and rear of the car, leaving only a stubborn cow.
Creation reason
At present, there are several versions about why ferruccio lamborghini set up an automobile manufacturing company, most of which point to the connection with Enzo Ferrari. However, the above statement is not true. The mass media in Europe may often regard this as true news, and this misunderstanding has also been introduced to Japan by Japanese auto-related media, and it has only been legendary in the city. Since then, there have been rumors between fanatics and anti-fanatics. Ferruccio Lamborghini's wife accepted an interview with Japanese Miscellaneous Society, but she immediately opposed this statement. According to her conversation, she pointed out: "The fact is that ferruzzi Lamborghini found the quality problem based on the results of his own use of the vehicle. However, the latter part is different. In fact, ferruccio lamborghini sent some of his ideas and suggestions in his letter, but he never got a response. In this case, it is better to challenge yourself and look at the automobile industry. This is the truth. Tonino Lamborghini dictated. Ferruccio lamborghini, who was driving a Ferrari 250 GT, complained that there was something wrong with the clutch of the car, which accidentally hurt people watching the car. However, Enzo Ferrari was not only unreasonable, but also told ferruccio Lamborghini that he was incapable of driving the Ferrari 250 GT and was only suitable for driving agricultural machinery vehicles. Later, ferruccio Lamborghini found a suitable spare part installation in his company's warehouse, which solved the problem of Ferrari 250 GT. Unconfirmed: It is said that in the summer of 1963, Enzo Ferrari quietly listened to ferruccio Lamborghini talking about how excellent the Ferrari 250 GT was while riding the Ferrari 250 GT bought by ferruccio Lamborghini (or chatting at home). However, when ferruccio Lamborghini pointed out the shortcomings of the gearbox in Ferrari's 250 GT vehicle, Enzo Ferrari's face sank and he said,' Don't make a farm machine, tell me how to make a sports car'! Since then, the two sides broke up in discord. At the same time, ferruccio Lamborghini decided to set foot in the sports car business. We firmly believe that even after the vehicle is sold, we should sincerely pay attention to customers, and continuous after-sales service based on this caring attitude is an unchangeable rule for the success of our business. Textual research: At that time, the Italian government refused to grant ferruccio Lamborghini a helicopter license. In desperation, we had to give up the helicopter company and develop into the automobile industry.
[Edit this paragraph] Development history
The name of this car has different translations in Chinese mainland and Hongkong. The mainland is usually called Lamborghini, and Guangdong and Hong Kong are called Lin Baojianni. Lamborghini changed hands several times and finally fell into the hands of American automobile legend Riyaka. Because he admired Lamborghini's models very much, he took Lamborghini under the umbrella of Chrysler Automobile Company of the United States and became an overseas branch of Chrysler in 1987. Later, Diablo benefited from the addition of Chrysler technology. The two mainstream models of Lamborghini are countach and Diablo, and Countach was first exhibited at the Geneva World Automobile Expo in 1973. Ferrucio Lamborghini (1916-April 28th-1February 20th, 993) built a series of tractors, oil burners and air conditioning systems in Italy after the war, thus establishing a reputation for his own brand, and set up his own automobile factory in Santagata, Italy in 1963. It is said that Lamborghini, a sports car fan, had planned to meet Enzo Ferrari and wanted to put forward some suggestions to improve his products. However, Ferrari has no intention of listening to the opinions of a tractor manufacturer. Although it has not been verified, this anecdote has been circulating in the circle. No matter what the truth is, a year later, the first Lamborghini sports car Lamborghini 350 GTV came out, which marked the beginning of an amazing road to success. Lamborghini was once a thief. It is said that some car engines he invented were modified from stolen tractor engines. No one can imagine that some super celebrities in the world will compete to buy Lamborghini in the future. Frank Sinatra and paul mccartney are on the long list. The chronicles of all the most successful sports cars in the past recorded Lamborghini's two famous sports cars "Contac" and "Mihura". After a series of ups and downs, Felucio Lamborghini finally retired from the company in 1972. Lamborghini (whether an individual or a company) has never lacked imagination, but it has always lacked solid financial support. In fact, Lamborghini went bankrupt in 1980, and Italian businessman milam brothers bought the company. Later, Lamborghini changed hands several times, including Chrysler Automobile Company. But they didn't show any real concern for Lamborghini fans. In fact, Lamborghini and Audi have always had a deep relationship. They have cooperated to pursue the structure of aluminum chassis. This relationship finally got married in 1998, and Lamborghini joined Audi. With the support of Audi, Lamborghini has its own management team to operate. Under the management of Audi, the factory launched the concept cars Murciélago and Gallardo respectively in 2003. This cultural integration is not easy (exotic automobile manufacturers and a global automobile manufacturing giant, a group of enthusiastic Italians and a group of proud Germans). The result is a thoroughly transformed and revived Lamborghini. Audi has the ability and can provide a lot of technical support, and the financial support of Volkswagen Group also allows Lamborghini to engage in the development of new products, which was impossible before. The proof of the revival is obvious: after so many years, Lamborghini suddenly launched two brand-new models, the factory facilities were expanded and updated, and a new design institute was recently built. In addition, the Lamborghini Museum has begun to open its doors to welcome guests. If you want to go to Modi, you must visit Lamborghini Museum. The museum Commissioner of Audi's history and culture department has adopted a brand-new method to highlight the theme of this exhibition. This paper focuses on the appearance of two sports cars, Murciélago and Gallardo, and their influence on Lamborghini now and in the future. The screening is divided into four themes: including the background information of the founder Felucio Lamborghini; Their performance during their employment; Interspersed with the new chapter of 1998 acquired by Audi in the early 1970s. The whole exhibition content closely revolves around the commemorative exhibition theme-"Running Bull Logo Accompanying Lamborghini for 40 Years". Lamborghini is a strange, legendary and pitiful person in Italy and the whole world. As a die-hard fan of Ferrari, he was still working as a tractor at the time of 1959, and at the same time he was also working on shorting and tempering the radiator. Lamborghini wanted to set up an aircraft company, but it was severely rejected by the Italian government. Lamborghini is a big fan of Ferrari. He owns four Ferrari sports cars. Of course, he bought it with the money he earned from producing tractor heating and outdoor air conditioning for the Lamborghini Museum in Italy. Lamborghini's favorite Ferrari 250 was broken, so he went to the Ferrari sports car manufacturing company to complain about the gearbox problem and was rejected. In a rage, Lamborghini lambasted Enzo Ferrari, the "father of Ferrari", and Enzo Ferrari's reply was even more wonderful: I don't need a tractor to tell me how to make a sports car! (The early Ferrari was as arrogant as it is now. They put all their energy into racing cars. Ordinary civilian cars only subsidize the research and development of racing cars to make money. The road handling performance of civilian-grade Ferraris is average, but the owners are dissatisfied but dare not complain because they may be banned from buying Ferraris. It seems that everyone is very cheap. Lamborghini, who was aloof by nature, was ridiculed by people he respected, and the consequences were still serious: four Ferrari sports cars he regarded as treasures were sold and destroyed, and Lamborghini Sports Car Manufacturing Co., Ltd. was newly built in Bolohes, Santagata, which is only15km away from Modena, the capital of Ferrari. Next, Lamborghini did everything he could-he hired a large number of talents from Ferrari and Maserati, including Giotto Sarrini, the designer of the famous Ferrari 250GTO. His influence in the Italian car world in the 20th century was even higher than Enzo and Freken, and his 3.5-liter 360-horsepower V- 12 engine became Lamborghini's flag to challenge Ferrari. Bay Sarrini has a personality, too. He betrayed Ferrari because Enzo Ferrari refused to let him use the independent rear suspension. Years later, Enzo Ferrari regretted letting Bay Sarrini go! 1963 10 10 On October 26th, at the Turin Motor Show in Italy, Lamborghini launched its first work, 350GTV (chassis number 0 100), with a top speed of 280 km/h and only one car was produced. Finally, a demon was born, a demon who took a maverick route. This demon made Gandini, Italy's most famous design master, devote his life to it. Mr Lamborghini passed away on February 20th, 1993 at/kloc-0. The first locomotive produced by Italian Lamborghini Automobile Company was actually a tractor. Ferrucio lamborghini, the founder of the company, used these tractors to meet the urgent demand of Italian farmers for tractors after World War II. The first Lin Baojian sports car 350GT was born in 1963. Lamborghini changed hands several times and finally fell into the hands of American automobile legend Lee Yakoka. Because he admired Lamborghini very much, he took Lamborghini under the umbrella of Chrysler Automobile Company of the United States and became an overseas branch of Chrysler in 1987. Later, Diablo benefited from the addition of Chrysler technology. The two mainstream models of Lamborghini are countach and Diablo. Countach was first introduced at the Geneva World Automobile Expo in 1973. Its designer is a genius Marcelo Sun Xiaohui, who is only 2 1 year old. At that time, the launch of this model immediately caused a sensation in the automobile industry. At the exhibition, visitors stopped for a long time and lingered. It laid a solid foundation for the modeling of wedge cars in the future. In the 1970s, when sports cars were popular, the styles of sports cars emerged one after another. How to create your own style was the only criterion based on the sports car world at that time. Marcelo Sun Xiaohui found a breakthrough. His Lamborghini Countach5000S sports car, with hidden headlights, broke the traditional model. The windshield and the front of the car form a smooth slope, and there are three air inlets on the side of the car body, which is not only designed for cooling the engine. It can also make the overall shape of the car body have a strong sense of carving, and the whole body exudes a strong masculinity. Every line and every corner shows unruly wildness. In particular, the gull-wing door that opens upwards gives people the impression that it is a super car. Today, more than 20 years later, it also makes people feel the designer's advanced consciousness. This car is regarded as a milestone in the history of automobiles. After Countach Anniversario, Lamborghini introduced Diablo to replace 1990 Countach, which is known as "another Italian supercar". It takes only 4 seconds to start accelerating to 100 km; The top speed is 340 kilometers per hour. When you step on the accelerator, it is easy to exceed the speed limit of ordinary roads. As we all know, Lamborghini Diablo sports car is a typical men's sports car, not because its appearance is only sunshine, but because its operations are heavier than ordinary sports cars. For example, the steering system, the steering wheel without power. Body weight 1655 kg, with the front accounting for 40% of the weight. Coupled with 245mm wide tires, it is not as simple as parking heavy hands, and it is also very heavy to drive slowly in urban areas. On the one hand, it is difficult to operate, and on the other hand, because the 5.7-liter engine is too close to the carriage, it emits bursts of heat. Even if the air conditioner is on, driving this car will be sweaty. His steering wheel is specially designed for high speed, and there is no vacant position. A slight rotation will affect the body; As long as there are a few potholes in the road, you should keep turning the steering wheel. Its detour performance is a typical mid-engine sports car, which is basically close to the road. It's easy to deliberately flick your tail when you refuel the throttle and then suddenly collect the oil. However, it is easy to put it up, and it is difficult to control its wildness unless it has extremely high driving skills. Driving this car is a challenge.
Secret history of Lamborghini
1. The first car named Lamborghini was a tractor. 1948, 32-year-old ferruccio Lamborghini assembled this tractor with some parts left by the US military. Lamborghini tractors continued to be produced, but the whole business was sold to the same Deutz-Farr Group in Germany. 2. The feud between Lamborghini and Germany Lamborghini currently belongs to audi ag, but its first close contact with the Germans took place in 1977. At that time, BMW asked Lamborghini to help it design and manufacture M 1. The contract between the two parties was to manufacture 400 sets, but they seriously underestimated the cost. Lamborghini only completed six sets, and BMW cancelled the cooperation project in the second year and developed independently. No one will think that Lamborghini Mihura was not written by Marcello Gandini. However, a recent rumor about a sketch involved his former colleague Giorgetto Giorgetto, which once again triggered a copyright dispute. 4. What do supermodels have in common with supermodel kings Twiggy and Iranian kings? The answer is that they all own Lamborghini Mihura. Besides the only Mihura Spyder in Lamborghini factory, the Mihura SV-J of the Iranian King is probably the rarest and most famous Lamborghini in the world. 5. Mihura is a project after the work of Lamborghini chief engineers Gian Paul Dallara and Paul Stanzani. At first, Felucio didn't approve of this project, thinking that the horizontally centered V 12 engine layout was not suitable for street cars. However, at the 1965 Turin Auto Show, Mihura shined brilliantly and was warmly sought after. So Felucio had no choice but to mass-produce Lamborghini Mihura. 6. 1980 With the support of family funds, Swiss Patrick Mille took control of Lamborghini, which was on the verge of bankruptcy, and turned it into a profit. By 1987, when the profitability of super sports cars reached its peak, Millemann sold Lamborghini to Chrysler. 7. Uday Hussein, the son of Lamborghini Saddam Hussein who can take you across the desert, owns a Lamborghini LM002. In 2004, the US military conducted training to prevent car bombs. The car was filled with explosives, detonated and then blown to pieces. 8. Legal Cottage Countach In the mid-1990s, Mike Kimberley, the current owner of Lotus, once ran the Lamborghini brand. An Argentine company named Joan Ferci is authorized to sell and manufacture the knockoff Lamborghini 9 in South America. Lamborghini provided engines for F 1 team from 1989 to 1993, and even had its own F 1 team at19, but in five seasons, it was always. However, Lamborghini has made great achievements in the development of offshore rowing engines, and won the 1 class world championship in 1994. 10。 As of June 6, 2009, Lamborghini produced three Gallardo police cars. These cars are not just public relations stars. Lamborghini police car serving in Rome has traveled1.4000 km. In February 2009, 65438+ one of them collapsed into 1 1. Horri-bull's car, Ferrasio Lamborghini, likes bulls, so this is also the theme of his model name.
The first Lamborghini production car
The 350gtv is Lamborghini's first car, released at 1963 and designed by Turin Design Office. There is an interesting story about the birth of this car. Ferruccio Lamborghini, who makes tractors for a living, bought a Ferrari 250 GT, but ferruccio was quite dissatisfied with the clutch shortcomings of the 250 GT, so he met Enzo Ferrari while repairing the car. Ferruccio made some suggestions to Enzo Ferrari about refitting the 250 GT, but the result was humiliated by Enzo. Enzo said that ferruccio was just a farmer and was not qualified to discuss sports cars with him. Ferruccio was furious and decided to start producing cars, so the legendary history of Lamborghini cars began. 1963 Lamborghini Automobile Factory was formally established. In the same year, the first car, 350GTV, was listed at the Turin Auto Show in Italy. Its avant-garde appearance is far bolder than many commercial supercars at that time. This new car, designed to beat the Ferrari sports car, was presided over by Giotto Bizzarrini, a famous craftsman who had participated in the design of the Ferrari 250GT engine. The V 12 engine required by Mr. Lamborghini has been completed, with a maximum horsepower of 3464cc and a top speed of 250 to 290 kilometers per hour. The design features of the 350GTV are not only the opening and closing of the first class, the special rear windshield and the super handsome side shape, but also the unique chrome-plated decorative strip and Taurus factory emblem from the front to the hood, as well as the beautiful signature of Mr. Lamborghini. No matter what others think, I like the appearance of 350GTV very much. However, this 350GTV, which was originally the No.1 car, became the No.0 car. It is said that the bull was very angry with the removed part of the hood and Lamborghini's signature, so he packed the 350GTV and took it back for retraining before the end of the auto show. The 350GTV became a mysterious super sports car and disappeared after a short appearance. The 350gtv was mass-produced after a slight change, which is Lamborghini's first mass-produced car-the ——350GT.
[Edit this paragraph] Model list
commercial vehicle
According to the production year and order of the model. The list of vehicle types is as follows: Vehicle Model Manufacturing Annual Engine Type Limit Exhaust Volume
350GTV 1963 Lamborghini V 12 3464 cc 280 km/h
350GT 1964- 1968 Lamborghini V 12 3464 cc 240 km/h
400gt2+21966-1968 Lamborghini V 12 3929 cc 250 km/h
Mihura 1966- 1973 Lamborghini V 12 3929 cc 288 km/h
Espada 1968- 1978 Lamborghini V 12 3929 cc 245 km/h
Lamborghini V 12 3929 cc 248 km/h
Halama 1970- 1978 Lamborghini V 12 3929 cc 240 km/h
Ulacco 1970- 1979 Lamborghini V8 2463/2996/1994cc230km/h
Countach1974-1989 Lamborghini v12 3929/4754/5167cc295km/h.
Silhouette 1976- 1977 Lamborghini V8 2996 cc 260 km/h
Jalpa 1982- 1989 Lamborghini V8 3485 cc 240 km/h
LM002 1986- 1992 Lamborghini v125167cc210 km/h.
Diablo 1990-200 1 Lamborghini V 12 5707/5992 cc 330 km/h
Murciélago 2006 54 38+0- Lamborghini V 12 6 192 cc 330 km/h till now.
Gallardo 2003-Lamborghini V 10496 1CC 309km/h till now.
Reventon 2007 Lamborghini V 12 6496 cc 354 km/h
Concept car type
Model name annual engine type limit displacement
350 GTV concept 1963 Lamborghini V 12 3464 cc 280 km/h
Feixing II concept 1966 Lamborghini V 12? Cc 225 km/h
Mazar concept 1967 Lamborghini V 12? Cc 225 km/h
Bravo concept 1974 Lamborghini V8? cc？ Kilometer/hour
Cheetah concept 1977? ? cc？ Kilometer/hour
Athon 1980 Lamborghini V8? cc？ Kilometer/hour
LM00 1 198 1 Lamborghini V8? cc？ Kilometer/hour
Kyle Poirot Concept 1982? ? cc？ Kilometer/hour
LMA002 1982 Lamborghini V 12? cc？ Kilometer/hour
Portofino concept 1987 Lamborghini V8 3485 cc? Kilometer/hour
Genesis concept 1988 Lamborghini V 12? cc？ Kilometer/hour
P 140 concept 1988 Lamborghini v10 3961cc299.3km/h
Italian design Cala concept car 1995 Lamborghini V 10 3900 cc 290 km/h
Zagato Raptor 1996 Lamborghini V 12 5700 cc 330 km/h
Murcielago Barchetta Concept 2002 aluminum alloy 6 192 cc? Kilometer/hour
Concept S 2005 Lamborghini V 10 496 1 cc? Kilometer/hour
Mihura Concept 2006
? cc？
Estorc Lamborghini V8 engine in 2009? ? Navarra 20 10 Lamborghini? ?
Lamborghini is the best.
★ among all Lamborghini cars, the fastest model: Lamborghini LP 7 10 engine: 6.5-liter V-type 12 cylinder output power/torque: maximum 7 10 horsepower. The peak torque is 700 N m (565,438+06 lb ft), and the acceleration performance is 65,438+000 km (0-62 mph): 3.2 seconds; Acceleration performance of 200 km (0-65,438+024 mph): less than 65,438+00 seconds; The speed limit is over 360 km/h: standard Gallardo (US$ 250,000) ★ The most expensive Lamborghini: Lamborghini reventon (US$ 654.38+US$ 5,000) ★ The first Lamborghini passenger car: "350GTV ★ Lamborghini's only gull-wing car: Marzal (Martha).
[Edit this paragraph] Operator/operating company
In the early days, due to the poor management of the company, the right to operate changed hands several times. The relevant list is as follows:
Annual Operator/Operating Company Shares/Annual Nature
1963- 1972 Lamborghini ferruccio100%1963-1972 49%/19721974 Actually.
1972- 1977 George-Henri Luo Saidi René leimer 51%1972-1977 49%/65577.
1977- 1984 Hubert Hahn Ramono Ima Zoltan Retty George Miron Alessandro Artest? %/ 1977 — 1978? %/ 1977- 1978 100%/ 1977- 1978? %/ 1978- 1984? %/ 1978- 1984 The creditor's rights were declared bankrupt.
Patrick Mille milam? %/ 1980- 1984 actual operation
1987- 1994 Chrysler/Lee Iacocca100%/1987-1994 actual operation.
1994- 1995 Mattel control co., ltd.100%/1994-1995 actual operation.
1995- 1998 V' power company mycom/ tommy Suharto 40%/1995-1998 60%/1995-1998.
1998- Up to now, Audi/Volkswagen Group 100%/ 1998- Up to now, it has actually operated.
[Edit this paragraph] Introduction of famous cars
Lamborghini Murciélago Murciélago means "bat" in Spanish. It was developed with technical assistance and financial support from Audi and is the best sports car ever made by Lamborghini. In appearance design, the elegance revealed in the wildness also inherits the dark plainness. So far, no car has such an elf-like soul. In fact, Murciélago has reached an unprecedented level. She is not only a symbol of Lamborghini, but also a milestone in the world automobile history. In terms of performance, the Murciélago supercar is equipped with a 6.2-liter 12 cylinder engine, with a maximum power of 580 HP and a top speed of over 337 km/h, and the acceleration time of 0- 100 km/h is only 3.8 seconds. The body is made of tubular steel structure, supplemented by carbon fiber and Murcielago solid. The total length is over 4.5 meters and the width is about 2 meters. Entering the car, the improved cockpit looks more modern and exquisite, and there are satellite navigation systems to choose from. The transmission ratio of the gearbox has been precisely adjusted to obtain faster acceleration time. There is also an external noise controller in the car, which can reduce external noise and make long-distance travel more enjoyable. The traditional long shift lever and open brake still remain. Manipulation becomes more friendly. The center of gravity of the car becomes lower, and the weight distribution is adjusted to the first 42% and the last 58%. The improved double wishbone suspension is characterized by an electronically controlled shock absorber, which can be adjusted in the cockpit. By improving the power assist, the braking level has reached a new height. The 4-channel calipers are specially developed to strengthen the drilling and ventilation brake discs, and the tire size further emphasizes the potential of Murciélago: 18 inch alloy rim and 335 mm wide rear wheel tires. Driving assistance is very rich: traction control has become a standard configuration, and others include four-channel anti-lock braking system and all-electric control power distribution system. The rear spoiler will adjust different angles at different speeds, which will bring greater downforce to the car and enhance the stability at high speed. Lamborghini Gallardo Lamborghini Gallardo will redefine its compact sports car market and become a high-performance sports car and daily life car. Gallardo started designing in 2000. Lamborghini's own designers improved the final Gallardo according to Italdesign-Giugiaro's design scheme, combined with these parameters and according to the company's own design style. Gallardo's size and competitive performance ensure its ultra-polar posture, and its long wheelbase and short suspension also determine its dynamic appearance. Lamborghini Gallardo adopts V 10 DOHC 4-valve v90 engine, with 5 liters, maximum 500 horsepower and 5 10 N torque. Instead of the traditional V72 engine, the 90-degree angle design is more conducive to limiting the height of the engine and the design of the whole vehicle, such as designing a lower hood or a better rear viewing angle. And the center of gravity is lowered, resulting in better vehicle dynamic characteristics. Dry oil pan lubrication system can not only satisfy the lubrication under extreme conditions, but also further reduce the center of gravity. The torque output is optimized in the whole speed range. These effects are caused by variable geometry intake manifold and continuously variable valve timing system.